Significance of certain genotypic characteristics to form exercise-induced bronchial asthma in children

Accordingtoatopicalup-to-datedefinitionsuggestedinPRACTALL [1], exercise-inducedbronchialasthma (EIBA) isaseparatevariantofbronchialasthma (BA) whentransientbronchialobstructionassociatedwithphysicalactivityisdetected. ItsoccurrenceinchildrenwithoutBAisdeterminedas “bronchialspasm” or “exercise-inducedbronchialconstriction”[2, 3]. Exercise-inducedbronchialspasm (EIBS) isobjectivelydeterminedas10% reductionofFEV1 (forcedexpiratoryvolumein 1 second) andmorethanthatoftheinitialvalueafterappropriatebronchialprovocationtest[4, 5]. AlthoughthemostfrequenttriggerofEIBAisintensiveandrelativelylongphysicalactivity, thisdiseaseischaracterizedbyamulti-triggercharacterofexacerbationsalteringthecourseofBAintomoresevereone[6]. According to these authors in addition to physical activity the following triggers of BA are: meteorological factors (32,9%), acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) of effect of cold (22,3%), pollen (19,0%), animal epidermis (14,4%), house dust (11,0%), and exposure to tobacco smoke (8,0%). AtthesametimetherearecertaindataprovingtheroleofageneticcomponentinthedevelopmentofBAasamultifactorialdisease[7-8]. These investigations deal with the study of the role of deletion gene polymorphism coding the activity of glutathione-S-transferase for the course of BA in children [9-10]. Atthesametime, itshouldbenotedthatpathogenesisofBAphenotypehasnotbeenstudiedcompletelyyet, whichisevidentinunsolvedquestionsofdiagnosticsandindividualizedapproachestotreatment. Modernscientificliteratureavailabledoesnotpresentsufficientevidenceconcerningthevalueofgeneticcomponent, anddeletionsofGSTT1andGSTM1 genesin particular, and/or mutation polymorphism of еNOSgene in the formation of exercise-induced bronchial spasm

Significance of certain genotypic characteristics to form exercise-induced bronchial asthma in children

Accordingtoatopicalup-to-datedefinitionsuggestedinPRACTALL [1], exercise-inducedbronchialasthma (EIBA) isaseparatevariantofbronchialasthma (BA) whentransientbronchialobstructionassociatedwithphysicalactivityisdetected. ItsoccurrenceinchildrenwithoutBAisdeterminedas “bronchialspasm” or “exercise-inducedbronchialconstriction”[2, 3]. Exercise-inducedbronchialspasm (EIBS) isobjectivelydeterminedas10% reductionofFEV1 (forcedexpiratoryvolumein 1 second) andmorethanthatoftheinitialvalueafterappropriatebronchialprovocationtest[4, 5]. AlthoughthemostfrequenttriggerofEIBAisintensiveandrelativelylongphysicalactivity, thisdiseaseischaracterizedbyamulti-triggercharacterofexacerbationsalteringthecourseofBAintomoresevereone[6]. According to these authors in addition to physical activity the following triggers of BA are: meteorological factors (32,9%), acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) of effect of cold (22,3%), pollen (19,0%), animal epidermis (14,4%), house dust (11,0%), and exposure to tobacco smoke (8,0%). AtthesametimetherearecertaindataprovingtheroleofageneticcomponentinthedevelopmentofBAasamultifactorialdisease[7-8]. These investigations deal with the study of the role of deletion gene polymorphism coding the activity of glutathione-S-transferase for the course of BA in children [9-10]. Atthesametime, itshouldbenotedthatpathogenesisofBAphenotypehasnotbeenstudiedcompletelyyet, whichisevidentinunsolvedquestionsofdiagnosticsandindividualizedapproachestotreatment. Modernscientificliteratureavailabledoesnotpresentsufficientevidenceconcerningthevalueofgeneticcomponent, anddeletionsofGSTT1andGSTM1 genesin particular, and/or mutation polymorphism of еNOSgene in the formation of exercise-induced bronchial spasm

How to use pen and paper tasks to aid tremor diagnosis in the clinic

When a patient presents with tremor, it can be useful to perform a few simple pen and paper tests. In this article, we explain how to maximise the value of handwriting and of drawing Archimedes spirals and straight lines as clinical assessments. These tasks take a matter of seconds to complete but provide a wealth of information that supplements the standard physical examination. They aid the diagnosis of a tremor disorder and can contribute to its longitudinal monitoring. Watching the patient’s upper limb while they write and draw may reveal abnormalities such as bradykinesia, dystonic posturing and distractibility. The finished script and drawings can then be evaluated for frequency, amplitude, direction and symmetry of oscillatory pen movements and for overall scale of penmanship. Essential, dystonic, functional and parkinsonian tremor each has a characteristic pattern of abnormality on these pen and paper tests

Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography, supplement 191

A bibliographical list of 182 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in February 1979 is presented

Respiratory dyskinesia--an under-recognized side-effect of neuroleptic medications

Respiratory dyskinesia is an under-recognized side effect of neuroleptic administration. There are only few studies that have addressed the prevalence of respiratory dyskinesia in patients with tardive dyskinesia. Our case report highlights the need to regularly examine patients on antipsychotics for any evidence of dyskinetic movements including respiratory musculature. Since RD is underrecognized and misdiagnosed, early detection can improve long term prognosis as treatment options are few and usually of only limited effect. A 62-year-old Asian male, retired civil engineer, had more than 20 years history of depressive illness, developed antidepressant induced hypomania, and was given risperidone upto 1 mg per day. He developed extrapyrmidal side effects as tremors, rigidity and later dyskinetic movements of lips with shortness of breathing, dyspnoea, grunting or gasping. He was referred to the pulmonologist who got the neccessary medical work up done, which was normal. A diagnosis of respiratory dyskinesia was made. Respiratory dyskinesia is an under-recognised and distressing condition that clinicians need to be aware of when treating patients with anti-psychotic medications. And also there is a need to regularly examine patients on antipsychotics for any evidence of dyskinetic movements including respiratory musculature for early diagnosis and better outcome. This case report also is worth reading for professionals of other specialties also because of the presentation of this patient, it can be easily misdiagnosed and result in poor outcome

Monitoring respiratory function in children with asthma exacerbation

The aim of the research was to study the changes in rates of respiratory function in children with asthma exacerbation. The study involved 63 children aged 6 to 18 years with asthma of varying severity in the period of exacerbation. All children underwent complex clinical and instrumental examination including spirography and body plethysmography. Results of the study of respiratory function in children with asthma have shown that a change in speed and capacity indicators at most patients. And the most pronounced changes have been reported in patients who are not receiving adequate anti-inflammatory therapy. A comprehensive study of changes in the bronchopulmonary system in children during exacerbation of asthma have made it possible not only to diagnose the disease, but also to spend time correcting the prescribed therapy

The State of Allergic Service and Spread of Allergic Diseases in Ukraine

The article deals with the state of allergy services in Ukraine: the organization of the disease identification, further examination and treatment. The advantages and disadvantages of the organization of the service are pointed out. Particular attention is paid to the know-how: the organization of allergy screening and oral specific immunotherapy of allergic diseases by the help of mixtures of allergens introduced into sugar pills