Características Antropométricas en Atletas de Jiu Jitsu Brasilero de Alto Nivel: Rol del Estilo de Lucha

Indexación: Web of Science; Scielo.SUMMARY: Human performance efficiency and effectiveness in different sports depend to a large extent on the size, weight and proportion of the physique of the athlete. The aim of this study was to identify morphological characteristics of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes. The sample consisted of 25 highly trained male athletes who were classified according to their fighting style; guard fighter (GF) vs. pass fighter (PF). The athletes were assessed for somatotype, body composition and proportionality. For the whole group of athletes the somatotype was 2.23±0.68, 6.33±1.14, and 1.75±0.87 for endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph components, respectively. Muscle and adipose tissue percentages were 52.34±2.15% and 19.30±2.51%, respectively. PF were significantly more mesomorph (p< 0.05) and less ectomorph (p< 0.05) than GF. Also, PF had significantly higher phantom Z score for bone mass vs. GF (0.51±0.57 vs. 0.01±0.54; p<0.05), and significantly lower muscle mass- bone mass ratio (4.55±0.31 vs. 4.77±0.56; p<0.05), height (1.71±0.06 vs. 1.77±0.07; p<0.05) and height weight ratio (40.58±1.11 vs. 41.84±1.22). Our results show that morphological characteristics are related to different fighting styles in BJJ athletes.RESUMEN: La eficiencia y efectividad del rendimiento humano en diferentes deportes depende en gran medida del tamaño, peso y proporción del físico del atleta. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las características morfológicas de atletas jiu-jitsu brasileros. La muestra consintió de 25 atletas varones altamente entrenados, quienes fueron clasificados de acuerdo a su estilo de lucha; guarderos (GF) vs pasadores (PF). Se evaluó en los atletas somatotipo, composición corporal y proporcionalidad. Para el grupo total de atletas el somatotipo fue 2,23±0,68, 6,33±1,14 y 1,75±0,78 para el endomorfismo, mesomorfismo y ectomorfismo, respectivamente. Los porcentajes de tejido muscular y adiposo fueron 52,34±2,15% and 19,30±2,51%, respectivamente. PF fueron significativamente las mesomorfos (p<0,05) y menos ectomorfos (p<0,05) que GF. Además PF tuvieron una significativamente alto Z score para la masa ósea (4,55±0,31 vs. 4,77±0,56; p<0,05), estatura (1,71±0,06 vs. 1,77±0,07; p<0,05) y relación altura peso (40,58±1.11 vs. 41,84±1.22). Nuestros resultados muestran que las características morfológicas están relacionadas a diferentes estilos de lucha en atletas de BJJ.http://ref.scielo.org/bzhxy

PROFIL SOMATOTYPE UNIT KEGIATAN MAHASISWA SEPAK BOLA UNIVERSITAS GAJAH MADA (GAMA) TAHUN PELATIHAN 2014/2015

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil somatotype unit kegiatan mahasiswa sepak bola Universitas Gajah Mada (GAMA) tahun pelatihan 2014/2015. Somatotype atau tipe tubuh adalah keadaan tubuh dari seseorang yang pada awalnya sangat menentukan atau cocok (predominan) karena sangat memungkinkan untuk melakukan aktivitas fisik terhadap suatu cabang olahraga. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode survei dengan teknik pengambilan data menggunakan pengukuran. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data somatotype yaitu Heath-Carter. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua anggota Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa sepak bola Universitas Gajah Mada (GAMA) tahun pelatihan 2014/2015, pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh yaitu semua anggota Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa sepak bola Universitas Gajah Mada yang berjumlah 25 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis data deskriptif dengan presentase. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa profil somatotype yang dimiliki oleh anggota Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa sepak bola Universitas Gajah Mada (GAMA) adalah tipe tubuh Central sebanyak 8 pemain atau sebesar 32%, tipe tubuh Mesomorph-endomorph sebanyak 6 pemain atau sebesar 24%, tipe tubuh Endomorphic mesomorph sebanyak 5 pemain atau sebesar 20%, tipe tubuh Balanced mesomorph sebanyak 3 pemain atau sebesar 12%, tipe tubuh Ectomorphic mesomorph sebanyak 1 pemain atau sebesar 4%, tipe tubuh Balanced ectomorph sebanyak 1 pemain atau sebesar 4% dan tipe tubuh Endomorphic ectomorph sebanyak 1 pemain atau sebesar 4%

Attack on the clones: managing player perceptions of visual variety and believability in video game crowds

Crowds of non-player characters are increasingly common in contemporary video games. It is often the case that individual models are re-used, lowering visual variety in the crowd and potentially affecting realism and believability. This paper explores a number of approaches to increase visual diversity in large game crowds, and discusses a procedural solution for generating diverse non-player character models. This is evaluated using mixed methods, including a “clone spotting” activity and measurement of impact on computational overheads, in order to present a multi-faceted and adjustable solution to increase believability and variety in video game crowds

Somatotypes and hand-grip strength analysis of elite cadet sambo athletes

The objectives of this research were to establish somatotype and hand-grip strength between elite cadet male and female sambo athletes divided by weight categories. A total of 97 elite cadet sambo athletes, participants of the World Cadets Sambo Championships 2018 participated in the study. Male and female sambo athletes were divided by official weight categories. Anthropometrical variables were taken in order to calculate somatotypes and hand-grip strength. A one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to compare group differences by weight categories. Results of this study provide the first description of somatotype and hand-grip strength of elite male and female cadet sambo athletes in relation to weight category. A typical somatotype in male sambo athletes was endomorphic mesomorphs with a predominance of musculoskeletal tissue, while female athletes differed concerning weight category. Overall, an increase in handgrip strength across weight categories was noted. Hand-grip strength increases linearly from the lightest to the heaviest weight category except in -66 and -84 kg in male athletes. Differences in handgrip strength of female athletes were detected between the lightest group and last six groups in all three variables in favor of last six as well as -44 and kg -48 kg compared with the heaviest. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first normative data of somatotype and hand-grip strength analyses in relation to age, gender, and weight categories of cadet sambo athletes. The anthropometric profile of sambo athletes changed according to their weight category. Mesomorphy was the most dominant somatotype component in male athletes, while female had three different types of somatotype component in relation to weight category. In conclusion, we found differences in hand-grip strength related to weight category, which can be linked to the muscle mass of athletes. Future studies should focus on somatotype and strength handgrip values of international compared to national level sambo athletes

HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS GIZI DAN SOMATOTYPE DENGAN KEBUGARAN JASMANI ATLET SEPAK BOLA

Latar Belakang : Seorang atlet sepak bola harus memiliki kebugaran jasmani yang baik karena dalam setiap permainan sepak bola membutuhkan waktu yang cukup lama. Untuk mendapatkan prestasi maksimal maka kebugaran jasmani harus tetap terjaga dalam kondisi baik selama berlangsungnya permainan sepak bola. Untuk memperoleh kebugaran jasmani yang baik diperlukan pembinaan dan pemeliharaan secara rutin dan berkala. Tujuan Penelitian : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Status Gizi, Somatotype, dan Kebugaran Jamani Atlet Sepak Bola SMAN 1 Sewon serta hubungan antara status gizi dan somatotype dengan kebugaran jasmani. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional, yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2018. Subyek penelitian ini adalah 35 atlet sepak bola SMAN 1 Sewon. Status gizi dinilai menggunakan indeks IMT/U dan berskala interval. Somatotype dihitung menggunakan rumus Heath-Carter dan berskala interval. Kebugaran jasmani diukur menggunakan metode Multistage Fitness Test dan berskala interval. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah spearman corelation. Hasil Penelitian : Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan semua responden memiliki status gizi baik, 71.4% responden memiliki somatotype kategori mesomorphic ectomorf dan 48.6% responden memiliki kebugaran jasmani dengan kategori baik. Kesimpulan : ada hubungan antara status gizi dan kebugaran jasmani (p=0.013) dan tidak ada hubungan antara somatotype dengan kebugaran jasmani baik dari komponen endomorph (p=0.119), mesomorph (p=0.333), maupun ectomorph (p=0.327). Kata Kunci : Status Gizi, Somatotype, Kebugaran Jasmani, Sepak Bol

Profil Daya Tahan Jantung Paru, Kekuatan Otot Punggung, Kekuatan Otot Tungkai, Fleksibilitas, Komposisi Tubuh Dan Somatotype Pemain Sepak Bola U-17 Romberz Fc Bantul YOGYAKARTA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil daya tahan jantung paru, kekuatan otot punggung, kekuatan otot tungkai, fleksibilitas, komposisi tubuh dansomatotype pemain sepak bola U-17 Romberz FC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan teknik pengambilan datanya menggunakan tes pengukuran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus dengan subjek pemain Romberz U 17 yang berjumlah 21 pemain. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan adalah menuangkan frekuensi ke dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa daya tahan jantung paru pemain U-17 Romberz FC berada dalam kategori sedang yaitu sebanyak 9 pemain (42,86 %). Kekuatan otot punggung pemain U-17 Romberz FC berada dalam kategori kurang sebanyak 21 pemain (100 %). Kekuatan otot tungkai berada dalam kategori kurang sebanyak 10 pemain (47,62 %). Fleksibilitas pemain U 17 Romberz FC berada dalam kategori cukup dan kurang, masing-masing sebanyak 7 pemain (33,33 %). Profil komposisi tubuh pemain U-17 Romberz FC yng berkaitan dengan indek massa tubuh berada dalam kategori berat badan normal atau ideal sebanyak 9 pemain (42,86 %). Lemak tubuh berada dalam kategori baik sebanyak 10 pemain (47,62 %). Somatotype pemain U-17 Romerz FC berada dalam kategori tipe tubuh balanced ectomorph sebanyak 13 pemain (61,90 %)

Somatotype and digital dermatoglyphic in mexican football players

La valoración de la forma corporal y de las capacidades físicas es una necesidad para la selección, clasificación y entrenamiento de los jugadores de futbol. El presente estudio examinó en futbolistas profesionales mexicanos (N = 49) la relación entre clases de somatotipo y clases de capacidades físicas de acuerdo a dermatoglifia dactilar. Las frecuencias de clases de somatotipo y clases de capacidad física fueron comparadas entre subgrupos de futbolistas. Una mayor proporción de futbolistas se caracterizó por somatotipo mesomorfo balanceado con dermatoglifia tipo 2 y 3 correspondiente a fuerza, fuerza explosiva y velocidad. Esto es consistente con hallazgos previos en futbolistas chilenos y brasileños, extendiendo por tanto la evidencia disponible acerca de somatotipo y dermatoglifia en futbolistas latinoamericanosEvaluating body shape and capacities is needed for selection, classification and training of football players. The present study examined in Mexican male football players (N = 49) the relationship between types of somatotype and types of physical capacities according to digital dermatoglyphics. The frequencies of types of somatotype and of physical capacities were compared between football players subgroups. A higher proportion of football players was characterised by a balanced mesomorph somatotype with dermatoglyphic type 2 and 3 corresponding to strength, explosive strength and velocity. This is consistent with previous findings in Chilenean and Brazilian footballers, Therefore extending the available evidence of somatotype and dermatoglyphics in Latin American football player

Sex-mediated differences and correlations between the anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities of university students

The aim of this study was to evaluate sex-mediated differences, and the correlations, between anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities of university students performing various motor tests. The study was conducted between 2000-2018 on 4956 first-year full-time female students and 4551 male students (20.0±1.0 years total for both sexes). The participants’ body mass and height were measured, and their BMI was calculated. Motor abilities were evaluated in 13 motor skill tests. The recorded values of body mass, height and BMI were significantly higher in men than in women (percentage values: 22.8%, 8.9% and 6.8%; Sexual dimorphism indicator (SD): 1.96, 2.56 and 0.53). The greatest differences in the values of the SD indicator were observed in the 12-minute rowing ergometer test: (37.6%, SD-3.53), medicine ball backward and forward throws (37.77 and 37.48%, SD – 2.28 and 2.27), and standing long jump (23.98 %, SD-2.51). In both sexes, BMI was significantly (p&lt;0.001) negatively correlated with all motor tests, excluding medicine ball throws (positive correlation, p&lt;0.001) and 1-minute Burpee test (not significant in women). The correlations between body height and motor tests differed between sexes. Male students were characterized by significantly higher levels of anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities, whereas females performed better in flexibility tests. The advantage of men over women was highest in endurance and strength abilities, and lowest in speed/agility abilities. Body mass was significantly negatively correlated with all motor tests, excluding medicine ball backward and forward throws (positive correlations and no correlation in one case). Significant positive correlations were noted between motor tests evaluating the same motor abilities.</p