Pengaruh Umur Terhadap Ukuran Epididimis, Abnormalitas Spermatozoa Dan Volume Semen Pada Sapi Simmental Di Balai Inseminasi Buatan Ungaran (the Effect of Simmental Bull Ages on Epididymis Size, Sperm Abnormality and Semen Volume at Ungaran Artificial Inse

The purpose of this research was to know the effect of Simmental bull ages on epididymis size, sperm abnormality and semen volume at Ungaran Artificial Insemination Centre. Materials used were 15 Simmental bulls categorized by bull ages, namely 4 bulls of T1=<36 months, 7 bulls of T2=36-<72 months and 4 bulls of T3=72-<108 months. Parameters observed were epididymis size (the length of caput, corpus and cauda), sperm abnormality and semen volume. The result showed there was no significant difference between bull ages on epididymis size (the length of caput, corpus and cauda) and semen volume. Bull ages showed significant difference (P<0.05) on sperm abnormality between T2 and T3. The conclusion showed that there was no significant difference between bull ages on epididymis size and semen volume but showed significant difference on sperm abnormality. Simmental bull with 36 - <72 months ages had the best sperm's quality

Quantitative Assessment of the Risk of Release of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus via Export of Bull Semen from Israel

Various foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus strains circulate in the Middle East, causing frequent episodes of FMD outbreaks among Israeli livestock. Since the virus is highly resistant in semen, artificial insemination with contaminated bull semen may lead to the infection of the receiver cow. As a non-FMD-free country with vaccination, Israel is currently engaged in trading bull semen only with countries of the same status. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of release of FMD virus through export of bull semen in order to estimate the risk for FMD-free countries considering purchasing Israeli bull semen. A stochastic risk assessment model was used to estimate this risk, defined as the annual likelihood of exporting at least one ejaculate of bull semen contaminated with viable FMD virus. A total of 45 scenarios were assessed to account for uncertainty and variability around specific parameter estimates and to evaluate the effect of various mitigation measures, such as performing a preexport test on semen ejaculates. Under the most plausible scenario, the annual likelihood of exporting bull semen contaminated with FMD virus had a median of 1.3 * 10(-7) for an export of 100 ejaculates per year. This corresponds to one infected ejaculate exported every 7 million years. Under the worst-case scenario, the median of the risk rose to 7.9 * 10(-5), which is equivalent to the export of one infected ejaculate every 12,000 years. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the most influential parameter is the probability of viral excretion in infected bulls

Evaluasi Kualitas Semen Segar Sapi Jawa Brebes Berdasarkan Lama Waktu Penyimpanan

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between semen storageduration and fresh semen quality (sperm motility, mass movement, abnormality and live sperm percentage) of the Java cattle (n=5 ejaculates). This study was divided into three groups with interval observation on 15 minutes namely 15(T1); 30 (T2) and 45 (T3). Simple linear regression was applied to analyse correlation between semen storage duration (Xi) and fresh semen quality (Yi). The result showed that linear model of sperm motility was Ŷ = 69,90-0,76XL; r2 = 0,568, mass movement was Ŷ = 2,55-0,034X;r2 = 0,779, sperm abnormality was Ŷ = 9,41+0,291X; r2 = 0,821 and live sperm percentage was Ŷ = 81,88-0,603X; r2 = 0,836. It could be concluded that the longer of storage duration will decrease of fresh semen quality

Depolarization of sperm membrane potential is a common feature of men with subfertility and is associated with low fertilization rate at IVF

STUDY QUESTION. Are significant abnormalities in outward (K+) conductance and resting membrane potential (Vm) present in the spermatozoa of patients undertaking IVF and ICSI and if so, what is their functional effect on fertilization success? SUMMARY ANSWER. Negligible outward conductance (≈5% of patients) or an enhanced inward conductance (≈4% of patients), both of which caused depolarization of Vm, were associated with a low rate of fertilization following IVF. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY. Sperm-specific potassium channel knockout mice are infertile with defects in sperm function, suggesting that these channels are essential for fertility. These observations suggest that malfunction of K+ channels in human spermatozoa might contribute significantly to the occurrence of subfertility in men. However, remarkably little is known of the nature of K+ channels in human spermatozoa or the incidence and functional consequences of K+ channel defects. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE AND DURATION. Spermatozoa were obtained from healthy volunteer research donors and subfertile IVF and ICSI patients attending a hospital assisted reproductive techniques clinic between May 2013 and December 2015. In total, 40 IVF patients, 41 ICSI patients and 26 normozoospermic donors took part in the study. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS. Samples were examined using electrophysiology (whole-cell patch clamping). Where abnormal electrophysiological characteristics were identified, spermatozoa were further examined for Ca2+ influx induced by progesterone and penetration into viscous media if sufficient sample was available. Full exome sequencing was performed to specifically evaluate potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M α 1 (KCNMA1), potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily U member 1 (KCNU1) and leucine-rich repeat containing 52 (LRRC52) genes and others associated with K+ signalling. In IVF patients, comparison with fertilization rates was done to assess the functional significance of the electrophysiological abnormalities. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE. Patch clamp electrophysiology was used to assess outward (K+) conductance and resting membrane potential (Vm) and signalling/motility assays were used to assess functional characteristics of sperm from IVF and ICSI patient samples. The mean Vm and outward membrane conductance in sperm from IVF and ICSI patients were not significantly different from those of control (donor) sperm prepared under the same conditions, but variation between individuals was significantly greater (P< 0.02) with a large number of outliers (>25%). In particular, in ≈10% of patients (7/81), we observed either a negligible outward conductance (4 patients) or an enhanced inward current (3 patients), both of which caused depolarization of Vm. Analysis of clinical data from the IVF patients showed significant association of depolarized Vm (≥0 mV) with low fertilization rate (P= 0.012). Spermatozoa with electrophysiological abnormities (conductance and Vm) responded normally to progesterone with elevation of [Ca2+]i and penetration of viscous medium, indicating retention of cation channel of sperm (CatSper) channel function. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION. For practical, technical, ethical and logistical reasons, we could not obtain sufficient additional semen samples from men with conductance abnormalities to establish the cause of the conductance defects. Full exome sequencing was only available in two men with conductance defects. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS. These data add significantly to the understanding of the role of ion channels in human sperm function and its impact on male fertility. Impaired potassium channel conductance (Gm) and/or Vm regulation is both common and complex in human spermatozoa and importantly is associated with impaired fertilization capacity when the Vm of cells is completely depolarized

Raw Semen Characteristics of Three Different Indonesian Local Roosters

Indonesia has agreat variety of roosters, either indigenous type as well as exotic and cross breed. The purpose of this experiment was to study the characteristics of semen from three types of Indonesian local roosters such as Merawang, Kampung and crosses Sentul Kampung with Kedu (SK Kedu). A total of 15 roosters consist of Merawang roosters, Kampung, and SK Kedu roosters were 5 each. The semen was collected 3 times a week by dorso-abdominal and cloaca massage method. The parameters evaluation was macroscopic characteristics consist of volume, color, consistency, and pH. Microscopic evaluation of semen such as a mass movement, sperm motility, live sperm, sperm abnormality and sperm concentration. Results of this experiment showed that semen volume of Merawang (0.40±0.26 mL) was higher (p<0.05) compare to Kampung (0.24±0.12 mL) or SK Kedu (0.16±0.10 mL) but no difference on semen color, consistency and semen pH. There were no difference in the mass movement, sperm motility and live sperm as well as on sperm abnormality among three types of roosters. Sperm concentration of Merawang (4490 million mL-1) was significantly higher than Kampung (3245 million mL-1) and the SK Kedu roosters (3751 million mL-1). Its was conclude that Merawang roosters had good semen quality better than Kampung and SK Kedu rooster

Sperm Morphological Assessments of Friesian Holstein Bull Semen Collected From Three Artificial Insemination Centers in Indonesia

Morphologically abnormal sperm in semen has been associated with the sub fertility and sterilityfor many years. This study assessed the sperm morphology of Friesian Holstein bull semen which wascollected from three Artificial Insemination centers in Indonesia. Total of 22 bulls were used in thisstudy; an ejaculate from each bull was examined. Three to four glass slides were prepared for each bullsample; a drop of semen was placed on each glass slide, smeared, and air-dried. The smeared sampleswere stained with carbolfuchsin-eosin (Williams stain). Morphological abnormality types were recordedfrom total of 500 spermatozoa. Results demonstrated that all 22 bulls had low sperm abnormality(<10%). Pearshaped was the most frequently type of sperm abnormality found in the samples(0.81±0.93%); while detached head was the lowest (0.01±0.04%)

Feeding Treatment Based on Palm Oil Byproduct and Supplementation to Support Reproduction Performance of Bull

Palm oil waste (by product)can be used as a potential feed for livestock. Nevertheless, the study research of the effect of Palm oil waste (by product) as a feed to the bull performance was limited. The purpose of this research is to get technology to improve semen quality through improving protein of feed based on palm oil waste (byproducts). This research was conducted in PTPN 6 Jambi and used 30 bulls that separated into 3 treatments, treatment I (feed protein 12% and suplementation), treatment II (feed protein 12%) and treatment III (existing feed, feed protein 10%). Parameter were measured i.e feed consumption, libido, sperm motility, mass movement, sperm concentration, sperm abnormality, volume, pH, consistency, colour, body condition score and average daily gain. Design of this research was completely randomized design. Data was analyzed use ANOVA. The result showed that there is no significantly different on semen quality between treatmens. Semen quality of three treatments were appropriate to standart of quality semen of bull (sperm abnormality 50% and sperm concentration >500 million/ml). Based on this consideration, feed with protein level 10% more efficient because it needs less cost but results a good semen quality. The conclusion of this research is protein level 10% can supporting performance reproduction of bull

Kualitas Spermatozoa Semen Beku Sapi Simental Dengan Suhu Dan Lama Thawing Yang Berbeda

This study aims to investigate the quality of Simental frozen semen based on the temperatures and duration of thawing. The materials used in this study were frozen semen of Simental cattle. The study used a laboratory experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial with 6 treatments and 10 replications. The thawing temperatures were 37°C and 25°C and the durations of thawing were 7 seconds, 15 seconds and 30 seconds. The variables observed in this study were the motility, viability and abnormality of Simental frozen semen. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The difference in advanced test was done by using the smallest Real Difference Test. The results showed that the temperature and duration of thawing and the interaction of temperature and duration of thawing provide a highly significant difference (P &lt;0.01) on motility, viability and abnormality of Simental frozen semen. The highest motility (45,5%) and viability (75,65%) were found on 37°C and during 30 seconds of thawing, and the lowest abnormality was 4,71%. This study concludes that the optimal thawing temperature and the lenght of thawing for Simental frozen semen is 37°C and 30 seconds respectively