Request Expression Used By The English Department Students

In this research, the researcher wants to know what are the forms and what is the request strategy that frequently used by the English department students. The objectives of this research were to know and describe the form of request expressions used by the English department students, and also to find out what is the request strategy they used. The design of this research was descriptive method. The data were collected by using the cards, and the samples expressed the instruction based on the cards. The data were analyzed based on the category framework of request strategies proposed by Blum-Kulka et al (1989). From the three categories of request strategies written by Blum-Kulka et.al (1989), Direct level, Conventionally Indirect Level, and Non-Conventionally Indirect level. The students only used the conventionally indirect level when they expressed the request to the hearer, there were ‘can', ‘could', and ‘would' that involves in query preparatory. From the result of this research, the researcher can conclude that there are some forms of request expression that used by the English Department students, such as can you, could you, and would you. From the categories of request strategies written by Blum-Kulka et.al 1989, the students only used the conventionally indirect level when they expressed the request to the hearer, there are can, could, and would

Communication Strategies used by Male and Female Students in Speaking Class: Comparative Study in Muhamadiyah University of Surakarta

This research is mainly intended to discuss communication strategy used by male and female students. The objectives of this research are to know the types of communication strategy used by male and female students, the similarities and differences of communication strategy used, the dominance communication strategy, and the factors contributing to choosing of communication strategy by male and female students of second semester students of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. This research is qualitative research. The object is communication strategy on spoken production made by male and female students of the second semester of English Education Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. In collecting the data, the researcher uses naturalistic observation, video recording, and interview. In analyzing the data, the researcher does some steps which involve transcribing the video, classifying the data, quantifying, and drawing a conclusion. The result shows that male students use topic avoidance, message abandonment, circumlocution, approximation, all-purpose words, non-linguistic means, restructuring, literal translation, code-switching, retrieval, fillers, gambits, hesitation, self-initiated repair, repetition request, confirmation request, expression of non-understanding, repetition, confirmation, repair. Then female students use message abandonment, message replacement, circumlocution, approximation, all-purpose words, non-linguistic means, restructuring, literal translation, code-switching, retrieval, fillers, gambit, hesitation, self-initiated repair, self rephrasing, repetition request, appeal for help, clarification request, expression of non-understanding, repetition, and repair

REQUESTS IN JAVANESE (A CASE STUDY ON READERS FORUM OF PANYEBAR SEMANGAT, A JAVANESE MAGAZINE)

Javanese, as one of languages used by 70 million people, has limited use in written media. So far there is no newspaper well published in Javanese and only few magazines are written in Javanese. This condition shows that Javanese can be classified as an endangered language because of its limited use in printed media. This paper deals with the use of Javanese in Panyebar Semangat as written by its readers using pragmatics point of view. The focus of this study is how requests are realized in terms of forms and directness of the utterances. The result shows that in writing letters the writers use both direct and indirect forms of requests. In relation to the directness, the writers prefer to use more direct utterances than indirect ones. The use of imperative mood which is quite dominant (17 out of 42 utterances) shows the reality. This phenomenon may arise because in writing letters the writers don’t have personal relation as it happens in spoken communication

THE RHETORICAL STRUCTURE AND COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES OF THESTUDENTS’ REQUESTS IN THE WEB DISCUSSION FORUM

This paper is to describe the rhetorical structure and the communicative strategies that students use in the web discussion forum of Ma Chung University. This web discussion forum allows the participants, especially students, to share their ideas, opinions about the current issues in the campus in the form of written texts. Among 11 students who get involved in discussing two issues, the campus bell and hair coloring, they are most likely to attend to directive based rhetorical structure when they have the same opinions. By contrast, representative based rhetorical structure becomes more obviously apparent when they have diverse opinions among themselves. In order to strengthen the perlocutionary force of the utterance, the students are also most likely to use some communicative strategies such as a colloquial and native language, abbreviation, capitalized letters and emoticon

METAPHORS AND DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE JAVANESE PROVERBS

The current study investigated directive speech acts and metaphors in the Javanese Proverbs. In order to fulfill this goal, the researcher identifies the structural forms, the communicative function, the felicity conditions and the metaphor mapping. The felicity condition will explore four components: a) propositional content, b) preparatory condition, c) sincerity condition, and d) essential rule. Besides, the metaphor mapping will identify three components: a) objects/ idea, b) meaning, and c) mapping process. The current research would be designed as qualitative research. The researcher had choosen the purposive proverbs from the collection of Pitutur Luhur Budaya Jawa (has been composed by certain writers). Due to the investigation, the researcher found some findings:a) there would be two structural forms of the Javanese proverbs (declarative and imperative), b) there were four communicative functions or directive speech acts in the proverbs (prohibition, requirement, command, and suggestion), c) the researcher found that the Javanese proverbs contain the direct and indirect speech act. Beside those findings, the researcher also investigates certain animals and plants (as metaphorical expressions or idea) in the Javanese proverbs such as 1) kebo gupak (buffalo) and tiger (macan) as the people whose bad behaviour, 2) gagak (crow), timun (cucumber), and ant (semut) as the poorer/the weaker people, 3) merak (peacock), duren (king fruit), and elephant (gajah) as the richer people/ the stronger people, 4) mushroom (jamur) as the best result, 5) watang (stalk) as the difficult step or effort, 6) snake (ula) as the figures/ common people, 7) candlenut (kemiri), 8) bebek (duck), 9) kidang (deer)

Beyond saying thanks. Compliment responses in American English and Peninsular Spanish

This study explores how American English and Peninsular Spanish speakers respond to a compliment. Participants completed an online discourse completion test with nine different complimenting scenarios. A total of 14 different strategies to respond to a compliment were found in the data. Based on verbal reports on language use, it was found that Peninsular Spanish speakers do not compliment as often as American English speakers do. The data analysis also revealed that both language groups clearly prefer to accept a compliment, but whereas American English speakers find a simple ‘thank you’ as an appropriate compliment response, Peninsular Spanish speakers prefer to agree with the complimented assertion by making a semantically fitted comment. Other differences include the importance of returning a compliment in American English and the need to scale down the illocutionary force of the compliment among Peninsular Spanish speakers

Code Switching in Social Media Twitter

The study deals with the types of code switching and reasons why people switch their language in social media Twitter. The objectives of study are to find out contextual type and the grammatical type of code-switching which is mostly used in social media Twitter and to explain audience's reasons switch the code in social media Twitter. The research conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. The primary data collected by tweets from the timelines of Twitter users, the secondary data were the questionnaires to collect information about audiences's reason switch the code on Twitter. The result showed that the dominant type of grammatical types that used by the user is Inter sentential code switching, then it is followed by tag code switching type and intra sentential code switching. The dominant type of contextual types that used by the user is metaphorical code switching and it is followed by situational code switching. There are eight reasons why people switch the code in the social media Twitter, the most common reasons for people switch the languange is due to the lack of equivalent lexicon in the languanges. It is because of real lexical need

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BANYUMASAN CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURES

To mean what you say is sometimes problematic in daily conversation, moreover in some indigenous dialects. It requires comprehensive context to achieve the core of communication. So does in Banyumasan. Banyumasan or Banyumas dialect is a variant which is found along the flow of Serayu river. The river flows from Sindoro-Sumbing Mountains (Koentjaraningrat, 1984:23). Banyumas dialect is one of some variants of Javanese language. Banyumasan has some differences compared to standard Javanese spoken in Jogjakarta, Surakarta and Semarang. Those differences are also reflected in the characteristics of conversational implicatures found in this dialect. Conversational implicaure is a proposition that is implied by the utterance of sentence in a context even though that proposition is not a part of nor an entailment of what was actually said (Grice, 1975; Gazdar, 1979). The characteristics of conversational implicatures are calculability, cancellability, non-detachability, non-conventionality, and indeterminacy. (Grice, 1975; Levinson, 1983; Thomas, 1996; dan Cruse, 2004). A dialect has different characteristics compared to other dialects of the same language and so does the characteristic o

Re-conceiving management education: Artful teaching and learning

Artists derive inspiration from daily life. According to John Dewey, common experiences are transformed into works of art through a process of compression and expression. In this paper we adopt this frame, showing how it is used within the pedagogical environment. Students were asked to reflect on their lives and offer an artful response to those experiences. Artfulness is defined here as a process which relies on the discursive practices of satire, and in particular irony and parody. We demonstrate the use of these rhetorical techniques as reflective tools, offering a service management class as an exemplar. In this class students were asked to consider their common experiences as both customers and service providers, and create an ironic artefact. We analyse a cartoon sequence produced by students in response to this assignment, where they parodied the fast-food service experience, illustrating how a business studies classroom can be transformed into an artful space

REQUEST EXPRESSION USED BY THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS

In this research, the researcher wants to know what are the forms and what is the request strategy that frequently used by the English department students. The objectives of this research were to know and describe the form of request expressions used by the English department students, and also to find out what is the request strategy they used. The design of this research was descriptive method. The data were collected by using the cards, and the samples expressed the instruction based on the cards. The data were analyzed based on the category framework of request strategies proposed by Blum-Kulka et al (1989). From the three categories of request strategies written by Blum-Kulka et.al (1989), Direct level, Conventionally Indirect Level, and Non-Conventionally Indirect level.  The students only used the conventionally indirect level when they expressed the request to the hearer, there were ‘can’, ‘could’, and ‘would’ that involves in query preparatory. From the result of this research, the researcher can conclude that there are some forms of request expression that used by the English Department students, such as can you, could you, and would you. From the categories of request strategies written by Blum-Kulka et.al 1989, the students only used the conventionally indirect level when they expressed the request to the hearer, there are can, could, and would