Edukacija pacijenata sa kontaktnim dermatitisom

Kontaktni dermatitis je upala kože koja nastaje nakon kontakta s tvarima koje mogu nadražiti kožu ili izazvati alergijsku reakciju. Praćen je svrbežom, osipom, crvenilom, otokom, a mogu se javiti i bule koje pucaju te kruste koje predstavljaju sasušeni sadržaj puknutog vezikula. Razlikujemo sljedeće tipove kontaktnog dermatitisa: kontaktni nealergijski dermatitis (akutni i kronični), kontaktni alergijski dermatitis (akutni i kronični), fotoalergijski kontaktni dermatitis, fototoksični kontaktni dermatitis te sindrom kontaktne urtikarije. Kliničke su slike različite. Broj oboljelih u stalnom je porastu. Kontaktni nealergijski odnosno iritativni dermatitis kožna je upala koja nastaje nakon izlaganja koncentriranim lužinama i kiselinama prilikom čega se oštećuje gornji sloj epidermisa bez sudjelovanja imunosnih mehanizama. Kontaktni alergijski dermatitis upalna je dermatoza koja nastaje kao posljedica alergijske reakcije tipa IV, posredovane limfocitima. Podjednako se pojavljuje kod muškaraca i žena. Temeljni test za dokaz alergijske preosjetljivosti je epikutani ili patch test. U dijagnostici je također bitna klinička slika te anamneza. Jačina upale strogo je promjenjiva te ovisi o nizu različitih čimbenika kao što su količina i snaga određenog iritansa ili alergena, duljina i frekvencija izloženosti, okolišni čimbenici itd. Izuzetno je važno izbjegavati kontakt s uzročnim alergenom i upotrebljavati zaštitna sredstva. Profesionalni kontaktni dermatitis može biti alergijske i nealergijske geneze, a nastaje kao posljedica kontakta kože s različitim tvarima u radnoj sredini. U nastanku profesionalnog dermatitisa bitni su podatci o vrsti posla i tvarima u radnome prostoru, o uvjetima rada, stanju kože prije zaposlenja, o primjeni zaštitne odjeće i drugih zaštitnih sredstava. Ukoliko se kontakt s inkrimiranom tvari na radnom mjestu ne može izbjeći, poželjna je promjena radnog mjesta.Contact dermatitis (CD) is skin inflammation that occurs after contact with substances that can irritate skin or cause allergic reaction. It is characterised by itch, rash, redness, swelling and sometimes there can also be vesicles that burst and crusts with content of broken blister. According to etiological division there are different types of contact dermatitis: contact non-allergic dermatitis (acute and chronic), contact allergic dermatitis (acute and chronic), photoallergic contact dermatitis, phototoxic contact dermatitis and contact urticaria syndrome. Clinical features are different. Number of people suffering from CD is increasing. Contact non-allergic or irritative dermatitis is a skin inflammation that occurs after exposure to concentrated alkalis and acids which cause damage to the upper layer of epidermis, without immune mechanisms. Contact allergic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease produced by IV type allergic reaction, mediated by lymphocytes. It is equally distributed among males and females. The most important diagnostic methods for allergic hypersensitivity are: anamnesis, clinical picture and skin patch test. The intensity of inflammation depends on many different factors: amount and strenght of the irritant, length and frequency of the exposure, environmental factors etc. It is extremely important to avoid any contact with the allergen and use protective gloves, masks and clothings. Professional contact dermatitis can be of allergic and non-allergic origin, and it is caused by skin contact with many different substances in the working environment. In the development of professional dermatitis informations about profession, potential alergens or irritant, substances in the working place, working conditions, skin condition before starting specific job, protective clothing and other protective things are very important. If allergens cannot be removed or avoided the change of job position or professional retraing might be needed

EPI Update, June 5, 2015

Weekly newsletter for Center For Acute Disease Epidemiology of Iowa Department of Public Health

Weed watch: Wild parsnip and poison hemlock

Conditions the last few years have been especially favorable for two weeds in the parsnip family--wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) and poison hemlock (Conium maculatum). Wild parsnip and poison hemlock are non-native plants that originated in Europe. The edible roots of wild parsnip were consumed in ancient Greece and Rome while poison hemlock was used as a poison, most notably known as the poison that killed Socrates. Both can pose health hazards that many people may not be aware of

Photosensitivity Skin Disorders in Childhood

Photosensitivity in childhood is caused by a diverse group of diseases. A specific sensitivity of a child’s skin to ultraviolet light is often the first manifestation or a clinical symptom of photodermatosis. It might indicate a serious underlying systemic disease such as lupus erythematosus or dermatomyositis, or a rare group of genetic skin disorders like Xeroderma pigmentosum, Cockayne syndrome, Trichothyodystrophy, Bloom syndrome, Rothmund-Thomson and Kindler syndrome as well as metabolic disorders and cutaneous porphyria. Photosensitivity secondary to topical or systemic agents may also cause photosensitivity in children. Early recognition and prompt diagnosis may prevent complications associated with unprotected exposure to sunlight and avoid actinic injuries that can leed to malignant skin changes

Drug and chemical induced photosensitivity from a clinical perspective

Drug photosensitivity is a relatively common occurrence and a range of mechanisms may be involved. Some of these mechanisms will be discussed, including the most common, that of drug phototoxicity. Different types of photosensitivity are addressed with respect to clinical presentation, mechanisms and additionally the contribution to our understanding through clinically directed investigations and regulatory requirements. Repeated controlled therapeutic use of drug phototoxicity, with psoralen-UVA (PUVA) photochemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) will also be discussed. Finally, the potential for drug-induced photocarcinogenesis will also be covered.</p