Parasitologia

XXXII Congresso Brasileiro de Zoologia, Foz do Iguaçu, 2018. Tema: Desafios e perspectivas para a Zoologia na América LatinaCaderno de Resumos de Trabalhos da Área temática Parasitologia, do XXXII Congresso Brasileiro de ZoologiaSociedade Brasileira de Zoologia (SBZ) e Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (Unila

Pseudascarophis brasiliensis sp. nov. (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae)

A new species of Pseudascarophis Nematoda: Cystidicolidae) found in the stomach of Kyphosus sectatrix (Linnaeus) (Kyphosidae), off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is described. The new species can be differentiated from the other congeners by the presence of lateral alae, distinct but inconspicuous cephalic papillae at the anterior end, three pairs of precloacal and one pair of adcloacal papillae in males, egg morphology and morphometry of glandular oesophagus and spicules. Pseudascarophis tropica is transferred to Ascarophis as Ascarophis tropica (Solov?eva) comb. n. due to its ambiguous diagnosis.Fil: Pereira, Felipe Bisaggio. Universidade Federal Rural do Río de Janeiro. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias; Brasi;Fil: Pereira, Aldenice de Nazaré. Universidade Federal Rural do Río de Janeiro. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias; Brasi;Fil: Timi, Juan Tomas. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Cs.exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratorio de Parasitologia; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Invest.cientif.y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnol.conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina;Fil: Luque, José Luis. Universidade Federal Rural do Río de Janeiro. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias; Brasi

A new heligmonellid species (Nematoda) from oligoryzomys nigripes (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae) in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Fil: Souza, Joyce G.R.. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. FIOCRUZ. Rio de Janeiro; BrazilFil: Digiani, María Celina. División Zoología Invertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Simäes, Raquel O.. Curso de Pós-GraduaçÆo em Ciências Veterinária. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeir; BrazilFil: Luque, José L.. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; BrazilFil: Rodrigues-Silva, Rosangela. Laboratório de Helmintos Parasitos de Vertebrados. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. FIOCRUZ; BrazilFil: Maldonado, Arnaldo. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. FIOCRUZ. Rio de Janeiro; Brazi

IL-10 Inhibits the NF-kB and ERK/MAPK-Mediated Production of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators by UpRegulation of SOCS-3 in Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Cardiomyocytes

Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) infection produces an intense inflammatory response which is critical for the control of the evolution of Chagas´ disease. Interleukin (IL)-10 is one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines identified as modulator of the inflammatory reaction. This work shows that exogenous addition of IL-10 inhibited ERK1/2 and NF-κB activation and reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), metalloprotease (MMP) -9 and MMP-2 expression and activities, as well as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 expression, in T. cruzi-infected cardiomyocytes. We found that T. cruzi and IL-10 promote STAT3 phosphorylation and up-regulate the expression of suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS)-3 thereby preventing NF-κB nuclear translocation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Specific knockdown of SOCS-3 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) impeded the IL-10-mediated inhibition of NF-κB and ERK1/2 activation. As a result, the levels of studied pro-inflammatory mediators were restored in infected cardiomyocytes. Our study reports the first evidence that T. cruzi up- regulates SOCS-3 expression and highlights the relevance of IL-10 in the modulation of pro-inflammatory response of cardiomyocytes in Chagas´ disease.Fil: Hovsepian, Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Invest.cientif.y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones En Microbiologia y Parasitologia Medica;Fil: Penas, Federico Nicolás. Consejo Nacional de Invest.cientif.y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones En Microbiologia y Parasitologia Medica;Fil: Siffo, Sofía. Consejo Nacional de Invest.cientif.y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones En Microbiologia y Parasitologia Medica;Fil: Mirkin Gerardo A.. INSTITUTO DE INVESTIGACIONES EN MICROBIOLOGIA Y PARASITOLOGIA MEDICA;Fil: Goren, Nora Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Invest.cientif.y Tecnicas. Oficina de Coordinacion Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones En Microbiologia y Parasitologia Medica

Echinococcus, Giardia and Cryptosporidium: observational studies challenging accepted dogma

The development of in vitro culture systems that allow the maintenance, and support the development of Echinococcus, Giardia and Cryptosporidium in the laboratory have had a significant impact on their biology and taxonomy and the epidemiology of infections they cause. This short retrospective review demonstrates how radical shifts in our understanding have occurred as a result of being able to grow these organisms in culture, and how molecular tools have helped in the interpretation of such research that often reflects the observations of earlier workers

Ação de óleos e extratos vegetais no controle de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in vitro.

A infestação por carrapatos é um dos principais entraves à produção de leite isento de resíduos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia in vitro dos óleos de Pilocarpus microphyllus (jaborandi) e Citrus sp (laranja), bem como dos extratos etanólico e aquoso e óleo de Azadirachta indica (nim) no controle de fêmeas ingurgitadas de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Os bioensaios foram realizados pelo método de imersão das carrapatas. O óleo de laranja e o extrato etanólico das folhas do nim inibiram significativamente a reprodução das carrapatas somente quando em concentrações elevadas, portanto, outros estudos devem ser realizados com intuito de aumentar a concentração dos princípios ativos e a eficácia destes produtos.Edição dos Resumos do 7º Congresso Brasileiro de Agroecologia, Fortaleza-CE, dez. 2011

The first detection of Leishmania major in naturally infected Sergentomyia minuta in Portugal

Phlebotomine sandflies of the genus Sergentomyia are widely distributed throughout the Old World. It has been suggested that Sergentomyia spp are involved in the transmission of Leishmania in India and Africa, whereas Phlebotomus spp are thought to be the sole vectors of Leishmania in the Old World. In this study, Leishmania major DNA was detected in one Sergentomyia minuta specimen that was collected in the southern region of Portugal. This study challenges the dogma that Leishmania is exclusively transmitted by species of the genus Phlebotomus in the Old World.EU/FEDER [PTDC/CVT/112371/2009]; EU [FP7-261504 EDENext]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Therapeutic Efficacy of Stable Analogues of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide against Pathogens

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an anti-inflammatory neuropeptide recently identified as a potential antimicrobial peptide. To overcome the metabolic limitations of VIP, we modified the native peptide sequence and generated two stable synthetic analogues (VIP51 and VIP51(6–30)) with better antimicrobial profiles. Herein we investigate the effects of both VIP analogues on cell viability, membrane integrity, and ultrastructure of various bacterial strains and Leishmania species. We found that the two VIP derivatives kill various non-pathogenic and pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as the parasite Leishmania major through a mechanism that depends on the interaction with certain components of the microbial surface, the formation of pores, and the disruption of the surface membrane. The cytotoxicity of the VIP derivatives is specific for pathogens, because they do not affect the viability of mammalian cells. Docking simulations indicate that the chemical changes made in the analogues are critical to increase their antimicrobial activities. Consequently, we found that the native VIP is less potent as an antibacterial and fails as a leishmanicidal. Noteworthy from a therapeutic point of view is that treatment with both derivatives increases the survival and reduces bacterial load and inflammation in mice with polymicrobial sepsis. Moreover, treatment with VIP51(6–30) is very effective at reducing lesion size and parasite burden in a model of cutaneous leishmaniasis. These results indicate that the VIP analogues emerge as attractive alternatives for treating drug-resistant infectious diseases and provide key insights into a rational design of novel agents against these pathogens.This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grant RO1 AI031078 (to S. M. B.). This work was also supported by Excellence Grants from Junta de Andalucia (P09/CTS-4705) (to E. G.-R.) and European Cost Action (BM0802) (to E. G.-R.).Peer reviewe

Patterns of antenal sensilla of Panstrongylus megistus from three Brazilian states

The objective of the present study was to analyze and describe the phenotype of the antennal sensilla of Panstrongylus megistus, one of the epidemiologically most important species of triatomines in Brazil. Specimens from the Brazilian states of Goiás (GO), Minas Gerais (MG), and Rio Grande do Sul (RS) were compared, based on studies of four types of sensilla on three antennal segments: thick-walled trichoid (TK), thin-walled trichoid (TH), bristles (BR), and basiconica (BA). Discriminant analysis allowed the separation of the RS specimens from those of GO and MG. Multivariate discriminant analysis demonstrated that the sensilla of males differed from those of females, the variables with greatest weight being the BA of all three segments and the TK of flagellum 1. The basiconica sensilla were significantly more abundant in females, on all three segments. Antennal sensilla patterns also demonstrated significant differences among P. megistus specimens.Fil: Villela, M. M.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Catala, Silvia Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Universidad Nacional de Catamarca. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Secretaría de Industria y Minería. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja. - Provincia de La Rioja. Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja; ArgentinaFil: Juberg, J.. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Silva, I. G.. Universidade Federal de Goiás; BrasilFil: Dias, J. C. P.. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasi

Relatório de atividades de pesquisa & desenvolvimento da Embrapa Pecuária Sul 1996-1999.

Ações de pesquisa & desenvolvimento; Produção tecnológica; Principais resultados obtidos; Parcerias; Formação de recursos humanos; Eventos de transferência de tecnologia e imagem; Publicações; Evolução da informática.bitstream/item/110359/1/RELATORIO-DE-ATIVIDADES-DE.pd