An Evaluation of Herbicides for Control of Wild Oats in Barley: Efficacy, Phytotoxicity, and Barley Variety Susceptibility Studies

The control of wild oats (Avena Jatua L.) in Alaskan spring-planted barley was investigated in a series of experiments conducted from 1981-1984. Rates and times of applications of triallate (a preemergence, soil-incorporated herbicide), diclofop, barban, and difenzoquat (postemergence herbicides) were investigated in relation to control of wild oats and barley yield in 1981-1982. Because of very high wild oats populations. none of the herbicides controlled wild oats to the point of· allowing a barley harvest. Generally, wild oats were best controlled when herbicides were applied at an early growth stage and at the highest application rates. Control of wild oats with triallate was the same whether incorporated using parallel or perpendicular passes of a spike-tooth harrow. In 1983-84 both single herbicide treatments and combinations of herbicides were studied. Barban, diclofop, and difenzoquat were applied alone or with triallate applied in the fall or spring in emulsifiable concentrate or granular formulation. Wild oats population levels were lower in these 2 years, and applications of even single herbicides provided good wild oats control. Of the individual herbicides, diclofop provided the best control of wild oats. In general, when triallate was applied in conjunction with diclofop, barban, or difenzoquat, control of wild oats was better and higher barley yields were obtained than when a single wild oats herbicide was applied. When triallate was applied in the fall, the granular formulation provided better control of wild oats than the emulsifiable formulation. In a study of the response of eight barley varieties ('Eero', 'Paavo', 'Galt', 'Otra', 'Otal', 'Datal', 'Udal', 'Weal') to high rates and late times of application of the four herbicides, none of the varieties were differentially susceptible. Diclofop decreased heights of all varieties and decreased test weights

Oat Variety Trial Report

Oats (Avena sativa L.) have a long history of being grown in the Northeast. Although most of the oats are planted for a cover crop or hay, growing oats for grain is another potential revenue source for farmers. According to the 2007 census, about 200 acres of land in Vermont is cultivated for oat grain production, with an average yield of 1747 lbs/acre. Unless, a hulless variety is grown, oats need to be hulled before being used for human consumption, and further processing is required to make oatmeal, steel cut oats or oat flour. The goal of this project was to evaluate yields and processing characteristics of oat varieties

Oats

This factsheet summarises the history of oatbreeding at IGER along with some of the environmental advantages of sowing oats

Oat Variety Trial

Oats (Avena sativa L.) have a long history of production in the Northeast. Although most oats are planted for a cover crop or forage, grain oats are a potential revenue source for farmers. According to the 2007 census, about 200 acres of land in Vermont is cultivated for oat grain production, with an average yield of 1747 lbs per acre. With the exception of hull-less varieties, oats need to be de-hulled before being used for human consumption and further processing is required to make oatmeal, steel cut oats, or oat flour. Since 2009, the University of Vermont Extension Program has conducted oat variety trials to provide yield comparisons in Vermont’s climate. Varietal selection is one of the most important aspects of crop production and significantly influences yield potential. It is important to remember, however, that the data presented are from replicated research trials from only one location in Vermont and represent only one season. The goal of this project was to evaluate yields and protein of eleven oat varieties

There is nothing like an oat

The items reports on first year trials in of the “Quoats” project. It’s well known that oats are generally a good fit in organic rotations and the “Quoats” project – Harnessing new technologies for sustainable oat production and utilisation – aims to make them even better. This five year (2009 – 2014) research project, led by IBERS, Aberystwyth University, brings together a wide range of organisations in the supply chain, from breeders to end-users, to improve the quality and performance of oats. As part of the project, ORC is carrying out field trials to assess the suitability of new oat lines for organic management systems, with particular emphasis on nutrient use efficiency. Eight varieties are being trialled at Wakelyns Agroforestry, Suffolk, including some naked oats, i.e. hull-less oats. The paper reports some first results

Comparative evaluation of phytochemical profiles and identification of flavonoids in cereal grains

The phytochemicals including flavonoids and phenolic acids mainly contained in the outer layer of the kernels are key factors responsible for the biofunctionality of whole grains. The phytochemical profiles of twelve grain samples comprising 6 wheats, 3 barleys and 3 oats were studied for comparative evaluation of their antioxidant properties. Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities (DPPH and ORAC) of the grain extracts were measured. The bound phenolic acids were identified and quantified using HPLC and mass spectrometry. The flavonoids in different grain were analyzed using HPLC and tandem mass spectrometric techniques. TPC in acidified methanol extracts ranged from 164 to 226, 264-391, and 308-331 mg/100 g for wheat, oats and barley, respectively. Similarly TPC in acetone extracts were 78 to 118, 223 to 351 and 367 to 433 mg/100 g. Acetone extracts had significantly (p < 0.05) higher TPC than acidified methanol extracts for barley samples. On the contrary, acidified methanol extracts from wheat and oats had higher TPC than their acetone extracts. The results showed that for both acetone and acidified methanol extracts, barley samples had significantly higher antioxidant activity than oats and wheat samples although even some of the oats had similar or even higher TPC compared to barley samples. Wheat extracts had low antioxidant activity assayed using both DPPH and ORAC assays. Oats had the highest levels of bound phenolic acids (431 to 656 mg/100 g) followed by wheat samples (91 to 153 mg/100 g). The bound phenolic acid contents of barley samples ranged from 81–105 mg/100 g. The major flavonoids in barley samples are dimers and trimers of proanthocyanidins, while flavone glucosides are the major flavonoids for wheat. The phytochemical including flavonoid profile may explain the antioxidant activity for different cereal grain rather than TPC

Oat Variety Trial

Oats (Avena sativa L.) have a long history of production in the Northeast. Although most oats are planted for a cover crop or forage, grain oats are a potential revenue source for farmers. According to the 2007 census, about 200 acres of land in Vermont is cultivated for oat grain production, with an average yield of 1747 lbs ac-1. With the exception of hull-less varieties, oats need to be de-hulled before being used for human consumption and further processing is required to make oatmeal, steel cut oats, or oat flour. Since 2009, the University of Vermont Extension Program has conducted oat variety trials to provide yield comparisons in Vermont’s climate. Varietal selection is one of the most important aspects of crop production and significantly influences yield potential. It is important to remember, however, that the data presented are from replicated research trials from only one location in Vermont and represent only one season. The goal of this project was to evaluate yields and protein of thirteen oat varieties

Cereal Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Influence of Seeding Rate of Oats on Populations

In field and greenhouse studies, more cereal leaf beetle [Oulema melanopus (Lin- naeus)] eggs and larvae were found per unit area on spring oats, Avena sativa L., planted either at intermediate (54 kg/ha) or high (136 kg/ha) seeding rates, than when planted at a lower seeding rate (14 kg/ha). However, there were fewer eggs and larvae per stem in plantings of the high or intermediate rates than in those of the lower rate. Oats should not be planted at less than the recommended rates in beetle-infested areas

Inventory and Value of Principle Grain Crops, 1950-54

Acreage, yield, production, and value of corn and soybeans, oats and barley, wheat and rye, and hay.published or submitted for publicationnot peer reviewe