ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA An. B DENGAN GANGGUAN MORBILI DI BANGSAL SINDORO RSUD PANDANARANG BOYOLALI

Penyakit campak atau juga disebut morbili adalah penyakit pada waktu yang lampau dianggap penyakit anak biasa saja bahkan dikatakan lebih baik anak mendapatkannya ketika masih anak-anak daripada sudah dewasa. Tetapi sekarang termasuk penyakit yang harus dicegah karena tidak jarang menimbulkan kematian yang disebabkan komplikasinya. (Soedarto, 2005) Morbili adalah penyakit anak menular yang lazim biasanya ditandai dengan gejala-gejala utama ringan, ruam serupa dengan campak ringan atau demam, scarlet, pembesaran serta nyeri limpa nadi ( Ilmu Kesehatan Anak vol 2, Nelson, EGC, 2000) Tujuan umum Memberikan pengalaman nyata kepada penulis atau mahasiswa dalam penatalaksanaan dan mendokumentasikan asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan morbili atau campak. Tujuan khusus penyusunan karya tulis ilmiah ini diharapkan mahasiswa mampu Melakukan pengkajian pada klien morbili atau campak, Melakukan analisa data pada klien morbili atau campak, Merumuskan diagnosa keperawatan yang muncul pada klien morbili atau campak, Merumuskan intervensi keperawatan pada klien morbili atau campak , Melakukan tindakan keperawatan pada klien morbili atau campak, Melakukan evaluasi tindakan pada klien morbili atau campak. Metode yang diambil adalah wawancara, studi pustaka dan observasi. Kesimpulan kareya tulis ini adalah pada saat dilakukaan evaluasi kerperawatan yang telash diberikan pada An. B terdapat dua masalah yang dapat teratasi dan satu masalah yang teratasi sebagian. Kata kunci : morbil

GAMBAR KEJADIAN MORBILI SETELAH IMUNISASI CAMPAK PADA BALITA USIA 11-29 BULAN DI POSYANDU DESA PEDAGANGAN WRINGINANOM GRESIK

Kejadian luar biasa penyakit campak masih sering dijumpai. Campak berpotensi menimbulkan wabah dan campak bisa dicegah dengan imunisasi campak, namun kenyataannya pada tahun 2012 masih terjadi sebanyak 2689 kasus campak. Tujuan penelitian adalah memperoleh gambaran kejadian morbili setelah imunisasi campak pada balita usia 11 – 29 bulan di Posyandu Desa Pedagangan, Wringinanom – Gresik. Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif. Populasinya semua ibu balita usia 11 – 29 bulan yang berkunjung ke Posyandu bulan Mei-Juni 2013 sebesar 55 orang, Pengambilan sampel secara total sampling. Variabelnya yaitu Kejadian morbili setelah imunisasi campak pada balita usia 11 – 29 bulan. Pengumpulan data dengan KMS dan kuesioner dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Data diolah menggunakan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian kejadian morbili setelah imunisasi campak pada balita menunjukkan 20 responden (36,4%) pernah mengalami kejadian morbili setelah imunisasi campak dan 35 responden (63,6%) belum pernah mengalami kejadian morbili setelah imunisasi campak. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah Balita usia 11 – 29 bulan di Posyandu Desa Pedagangan, Wringinanom – Gresik sebagian besar belum pernah mengalami kejadian morbili setelah imunisasi campak. Diharapkan bagi ibu balita tetap meningkatkan derajat kesehatan balitanya seperti memperhatikan lingkungan sekitar, gizi, dan personal hygiene balitanya

PENYAKIT-PENYAKIT YANG MENYERTAI KEJADIAN KEJANG DEMAM ANAK DI RSUP Dr. KARIADI SEMARANG

Latar Belakang : Kejang demam dapat dikatagorikan menjadi kejang demam simplek dan kejang demam komplek. Penyakit-penyakit yang menyertai pada kejang demam harus diwaspadai bagi para klinisi karena agar dapat mencegah kerusakan otak yang lebih buruk. Tujuan : Menganalisa penyakit-penyakit apa saja yang menyertai pasien kejang demam dan apakah penyakit tersebut mempengaruhi manifestasi klinis kejang demam di RSUP Dr. Kariadi. Metode : Merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 432 pasien anak yang di rawat inap di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang periode 2008-2013 Hasil : Penyakit tonsilo faringitis akut menjadi penyakit terbanyak yang menyertai pada kejang demam anak 148 (34,2%) sedangkan tonsilo faringitis dengan manifestasi klinis kejang demam simplek 106 (37,1%) kejang demam komplek 42 (28,7%) Simpulan : Penyakit yang sering menyertai pada kejang demam yaitu tonsilo faringitis akut, diare tanpa dehidrasi, ISPA, infeksi saluran kemih, demam dengue dan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara penyakit penyerta dan manifestasi klinis kejang demam Kata kunci : penyakit-penyakit penyerta, kejang demam, peningkatan leukosit

The role of school in the prevention of viral diseases

Ovaj rad usmjeren je na istraživanje činjenice je li škola najveći posrednik između djece i zaraznih bolesti, kako bakterijskih tako i virusnih. Školska zgrada trebala bi učenicima s obzirom na čistoću, red i funkcionalnost uvijek služiti kao primjer te predstavljati mjesto gdje će svoje higijenske navike produbiti i proširiti. Negativan utjecaj je veći, ako su učionice pretrpane, nedovoljno prozračene i slabo osvijetljene, vlažne, ako nema dovoljno zahoda, ako školska zgrada nije opskrbljena zdravstveno ispravnom pitkom vodom, ako je konstantno u nedostatku higijenskih potrepština (sapuna, ubrusa i slično). Glavna svrha ovog diplomskog rada je dobiti uvid o prevenciji zaraznih bolesti u školskim ustanovama te istražiti zadovoljavaju li trenutni higijensko-sanitarni uvjeti standarde koji osiguravaju pravilan dječji razvoj u istima. U tu svrhu korištena je pisana anketa koja je sadržavala 12 pitanja. Uzorak za ovo istraživanje činilo je 30 učitelja razredne nastave s područja Osječko – baranjske županije. Rad prikazuje istraživanje koje je provedeno prije ljetnih praznika od sredine svibnja do sredine lipnja. Vrlo je važno da škola kao ustanova ispunjava sve uvjete za djetetov pravilan rast i razvoj, a tog mišljenja je 43% učiteljica koje smatraju da njihove škole pružaju sve potrebne higijenske uvjete. 80% učiteljica se slaže da se učenici prilikom boravka u školskoj kuhinji pridržavaju naučenih pravila što se tiče higijene, poput pranja ruku prije jela, vezanja kose u rep i slično. Što se tiče školskih zahoda, zbog brojih higijenskih razloga, u svakom školskom zahodu treba biti dovoljno toaletnog papira, ubrusa i sapuna. Nadalje 57% učiteljica smatra da higijenske potrepštine poput sapuna te ubrusa nisu uvijek prisutne. Vrlo važna zadaća škole je da učenicima bude sigurno mjesto gdje će usvojiti važnost higijenskih navika, gdje će svoje higijenske navike proširiti te mjesto koje neće širiti zarazne bolesti između učenika.This thesis focuses on emphasizing the fact that the school is the biggest mediator between the children and infectious diseases, bacterial as much as viral. School should give an example to children considering cleanliness, order and functionality and also to represent the place where they can deepen their hygiene habits. Negative influence is caused by overcrowded classrooms, insufficiently ventilated, dimly lit, humid, if there is not enough toilets, if the school building is not equipped with drinking water, if it is constantly for the lack of sanitary necessities. (soaps, napkins, etc.) The point of this thesis is to get an insight on preventing the expansion of infectious diseases in schools and to discover if the current hygiene sanitary conditions meet the standards that ensure proper child growth and development in school institutions. For that purpose, I use the written questionnaire which contains of 12 questions. The pattern were 30 teachers from Osječko-baranjska County. The thesis shows the research which was carried out before summer break practice from mid of May till mid of June. It is very important that schools are meeting all the hygienic conditions for pupils’ proper growth and development and 43% of teachers think that. 80% of teachers agree with the fact that the pupils adhere the basic hygienic rules like washing their hand before they eat, putting their hair in a ponytail and similar. As far as the schools bathrooms are concerned, because of the many of hygienic reasons, in every bathroom should be enough amount of toilet paper. 57% of teachers consider that hygienic accessories like soap and tissues are not available always. Very important aim that schools need to have is that they need to be safe place where pupils can adopt the importance of hygienic habits, to expand them and the place that will no longer spread infectious diseases among pupils

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN TEPID WATER SPONGE TERHADAP MASALAH KEPERAWATAN HIPERTERMI PADA An.N DENGAN DIAGNOSA CAMPAK (MORBILI)

Background: Measles or commonly called morbili, is a disease caused by a virus belonging to the Paramyxovirus group. Transmission can occur through air that has been contaminated by droplets (spit) of infected people. Most cases of measles attack children of preschool age and elementary school age. Objective: The purpose of writing this scientific work is so that the author is able to understand the concept of the effectiveness of giving tepid water sponge towards the nursing problem of hyperthermia in An. N with a diagnosis of measles (morbili) Method: The research method used in preparing this final scientific work is by using case study report. The research was conducted in the pediatric room at UMM Regional Hospital on An.N aged 3 years 24 days with a diagnosis of measles (morbili). The method of collecting data is by direct observation and interviews with patients and their families. Results: After analyzing the assessment, the researcher raised a priority nursing diagnosis, namely hyperthermia related to the disease process. Implementations that have been carried out include management of hyperthermia by administering tepid water sponge in the area axilla patient for 10-15 minutes. Conclusion: The act of giving tepid water sponge in An.N effective in reducing the temperature from 38.4 C to 37.3 C. Technical compression tepid water sponge can accelerate vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels throughout the body so that heat is removed from the body through the skin more quickl

Faktor Risiko Kejang Demam Berulang pada Anak

Risk factors of recurrent febrile seizures in childrenBackground: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common seizure disorder in childhood. Recurrent febrile seizures (RFS) occur in one third of children who experience a first FS. About nine percent had three or more recurrence. Little is known about predictors of recurrence. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and the risk factors of RFS in children with FS at Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya.Method: This is a cohort prospective study. Data was taken from all children with first FS aged 6 month-old to 5 year-old who were admitted at pediatric ward Dr. Soetomo Hospital from August 2009 to November 2010. They were observed for one year period to ascertain wether FS recurred. Logistic regression statistic was used to analyze those variables including sex, age, body temperature during the fever episode, family history of seizures, diagnosis at the first onset, maternal illness, abnormal delivery and recurrence ofFS.Results: Recurrent FS occured in 65% of the 100 children at one year observation, and 26% of them had further attack. Male to female ratio was 2:1. Thirty-one (77.5%) of subjects were less than 12 months-old. Body temperature ≤38.5OC (OR=5.50, 95%CI, p=0.019) and complex FS (OR 5.03, 95%CI, p=0.025) were related to increase risk of reccurence.Conclusions: The risk of RFS increased with body temperature ≤38.5OC and diagnosed as complex FS at the first FS

Sistem Pengobatan Tradisional Pada Masyarakat Giri Jaya

Pada hakekatnya pengobatan tradisional merupakan bagian kebudayaan yang diturunkan dari generasi ke generasi berikutnya secara lisan atau tulisan. Oleh sebab itu kepercayaan terhadap pengobatan tradisional dapat terus bertahan, walaupun praktik biomedik kedokteran mengalami perkembangan. Untuk penyembuhan penyakit, dalam sistem pengobatan tradisional dicari lebih dahulu penyebab sakit atau etiologinya. Konsep etiologi ini perlu diketahui sebagai dasar untuk mendiagnosa penyakit yang kemudian diperlukan untuk menentukan cara-cara pengobatannya. Demikian pula pada masyarakat di Desa Giri Jaya Kabupaten Sukabumi yang menjadi lokasi penelitian, sebagian besar masyarakatnya masih melakukan pengobatan tradisional meskipun pengobatan modern telah dikenal. Untuk itu tulisan ini akan mengupas bagaimana persepsi masyarakat tentang sehat dan sakit, etiologi (sebab sakit), ciri penyakit, dan cara pengobatannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan tipe penelitian deskriptif

Immunization of pupils population against infections diseases

Imunizacija je preventivna mjera zaštite stanovništva od zaraznih bolesti. Njezin osnovni cilj je sprečavanje, suzbijanje i iskorjenjivanje zaraznih bolesti. Iako imunizacija ima dugu povijest, ona svoj procvat doživljava početkom 20. stoljeća. Najopasnije bolesti koje se štite imunizacijom su dječja paraliza, difterija, tetanus, tuberkuloza, hripavac, ospice, zaušnjaci, hepatitis B, bolesti uzrokovane Haemophilusom influenzae tipa B, rubeola. Prije pronalaska cjepiva te bolesti bile su smrtonosne. Cijepljenje djece ima veliki značaj, budući da su zarazne bolesti česte i osobito opasne u dječjoj dobi. Svaka država ima svoj program obveznog cijepljenja i bitno je pridržavati ga se. Danas, brojni roditelji strahuju za imunološki sustav svog djeteta nakon cijepljenja te o štetnim nuspojavama koje cjepiva uzrokuju. Zbog nepouzdanih informacija koje dobivaju putem interneta i medija, roditelji se tako odlučuju za necijepljenje svoje djece. Najtočnije informacije i odgovore na pitanja roditelji mogu dobiti od liječnika, medicinskog osoblja te putem edukacija od strane osoba koje su za to kompetentne. Službeni stav medicine je da cjepiva imaju nuspojave, ali da su one uglavnom blage i da prolaze spontano bez ikakvih posljedica, a da vrlo rijetko mogu biti ozbiljne i ostaviti trajne posljedice te da korist od primjene cjepiva u postojećem programu, sa svim svojim nesavršenostima i ograničenjima još uvijek uvelike nadmašuje potencijalne rizike. Time se sprečavaju vrlo ozbiljne bolesti koje mogu ostaviti trajne, teške posljedice i biti smrtonosne. Uskraćivanje cijepljenja povećava rizik od obolijevanja djeteta ako se jednog dana izloži zarazi, a povećava i rizik za cijelu populaciju.Immunization is a preventive measure of the population protection from the infectious diseases. Its main goal is the prevention, suppression and eradication of infectious diseases. Although immunization has a long history, it reached its highest peak at the beginning of the 20th century. The most dangerous diseases which are prevented with immunization are infantile paralysis, diphtheria, tetanus, tuberculosis, whooping cough, smallpox, mumps, hepatitis B, diseases caused by Haemophilusom influenzae type B and measles. Before the vaccination was invented, these diseases were deadly. Child immunization is of great importance because infectious diseases are often and particularly dangerous at the age of childhood. Every country has its own compulsory immunization program and it is important to adhere to it. Today, many parents are afraid for their children's immune system after the vaccination and they are afraid of the side effects caused by the vaccines. Based on the unreliable information they get on the Internet or through the media, parents decide not to vaccinate their children. The most accurate information and answers parents can get from the doctors, the medical staff and through the education from the professional staff. The official attitude of the medicine is that the vaccines have side effects which are mild and they usually wear off spontaneously without any consequences, and only in rare cases they can be serious and leave permanent consequences; and the benefit of the vaccine application in the existing program, with all its imperfections and limitations, still surpasses the potential risks. Immunization prevents very serious diseases that can leave permanent severe consequences and can even be deadly. Vaccine denial increases the risk of child infection in case of exposure to the disease, but it also increases the risk for the whole population