Ergonomic provision of modernizing management processes of metallurgical production in Ukraine and China

Purpose. The creation ofan ergonomic methodical approach to the modernization of management processes of metallurgical production, which involves a human factor while developing and exploiting the difficult man-machine system and estimating the degree of implementation of ergonomic requirements at different stages of an operator’s activity planning. Methodology. Ananalytical model of the organization of the research works devoted to the ergonomic modernization of man-machine systems was developed. Searching and purpose-oriented investigations at different stages of man-machine system development and exploitation were modelled from the sketchy projection till the exploitation of the system. Theoretical, system analytical and experimental methods were used. Findings.The results of ergonomic modernization of management processes of metallurgical production in two countries under new economic (market) conditions were discussed. The factors, which define the tension in rolling-mill operators’ activity, were exposed. Certain recommendations on modernization of the existing technology and labor organization were formulated. Originality. The scientific novelty consists in the development and adaptation of the methodical approach that describes adequately the cognitive complexity and psychophysiological tension in an operator’s activity as the modernization factors of modern metallurgical production in two countries. Practical value.The practical value involves the creation of an ergonomic management system of the development, exploitation and modernization of difficult men-machine systems and metallurgical production management processes

Титульні сторінки та зміст

This paper addresses the effects of modernization processes on occupational career attainment. We ask whether modernization processes increased the success of occupational careers, and whether the effect of social background varies by regional level of modernization. We analyse a unique data set with information about the careers of around 7000 men who were active in the labour market in the Netherlands between 1865 and 1928. Modernization processes are measured at the municipality level (e.g. presence of post office and train station, educational expansion). The results of cross-classified multilevel growth models show that in municipalities with more advanced modernization, men enjoy higher social status at the beginning of their career, but that their status grows more slowly over the course of their career. The effect of social background hardly varies in response to modernization processes. Our results indicate that regional modernization processes have had restricted impact on individual mobility outcomes

Processes of tourism space formation

The article is an attempt to name and define the processes which transform geographical space and result in the appearance or disappearance of tourism space as broadly understood. The processes include restructurization (modernization and revitalization) and degradation. All of them have been discussed in the context of their actual stage of tourism space development. More attention is devoted to degradation, which has only recently been seen as a process which may lead to the creation of spaces attractive to tourists

Middlesex and the Biopolitics of Modernist Architecture

Highlighting the architecture of the Middlesex house of Eugenides’ novel as a major technology of modernity, Seymour argues for the biopolitical understanding of such modernist architecture and for the ways in which it often works against the exploitative effects of automation and sexology, yet constitutes a complex and even contradictory force in processes of modernization, and in the novel itself

Analysis of Social Wellbeing Parameters in Russia

This article is devoted to dynamics of the social wellbeing index counted for Siberian region in context of the modernization processes in Russia. The study is based on representative samples from population surveys conducted in 2011 and 2015. It is complemented by the Russian region's modernization map, which was prepared within the data calculated under the procedure developed by Modernization Research Center of China Academy (adapted for Russia). It has been found that the social wellbeing of the population has not significantly changed over the last 5 years despite the current crisis. Also regions are unbalanced in terms of modernization processes, most of them don't even reach the level of capital cities in terms of modernization parameters and social welfare. Tomsk region is a remote Siberian region, but it has the specific "innovative" status and it shows better wellbeing indicators than Russia as a whole. The study was conducted under the RFH sponsorship as project №15-03-00366 "Social and cultural factors of the new modernization in the regions (on research in the Tomsk region)"

Модернізація промисловості як передумова перспективного розвитку внутрішнього ринку України

Исследованы проблемы государственной промышленной политики по внедрению модернизационных процессов в развитии внутреннего рынка Украины. Представлены инструменты влияния на процесс модернизации промышленного комплекса. Предложено решение проблемных задач модернизации промышленного комплекса, направленного на обоснование развития внутреннего рынка Украины. Ключевые слова: внутренний рынок, инвестиции, инновации, кластеры, модернизация, промышленный комплекс, промышленная политика.Досліджено проблеми державної промислової політики щодо впровадження модернізаційних процесів у розвитку внутрішнього ринку України. Подано інструменти впливу на процес модернізації промислового комплексу. Запропоновано вирішення проблемних завдань модернізації промислового комплексу, спрямованого на обґрунтування розвитку внутрішнього ринку України. Ключові слова: внутрішній ринок, інвестиції, інновації, кластери, модернізація, промисловий комплекс, промислова політика.The establishment of the market economy and modern transformational processes give rise to new requirements to the development of the national economy. Modernization of changes in the social and economic development of the state have already matured. However, the crisis political processes and deep social stratification hindered the development of Ukraine and threw the country to the edge of the world progress. The future of Ukraine depends much on extensive development of the national economy and especially of its center – the internal market that is the most important factor of further economic growth of the state. The aim of the paper is to combine the achievements of the modern economic science with solution of problems of the industrial sector modernization aimed at substantiating the development of Ukraine’s internal market. The processes of the Ukrainian industrial complex modernization were studied. It is stressed that the lack of balanced industrial policy is the key restrictive factor for modernization of the national economy and its development according to the objectives set in Ukrainian society. The problems of the state industrial policy connected with modernization of the Ukrainian internal market development are analyzed. Factors of the industrial modernization influence on the development of the Ukrainian internal market are identified. The instruments influencing the process of the industrial complex modernization are shown. The idea of introducing clusters into the industrial sector in order to improve the organizational processes aimed at modernization of the industrial complex is promoted. The attention is paid to the importance of the investment activity and innovative technologies introduction into production of the industrial enterprises. The paper offers solutions of the problem concerning modernization of the industrial complex directed to substantiation of the Ukrainian internal market development. Keywords: internal market, investments, innovation, clusters, modernization, industrial complex, industrial policy

Transforming Rural Finance in Africa The role of AFRACA in Linkage Banking and Financial Systems Development

By the mid-1970s, in virtually all of Africa, strategies of modernization and technology transfer had clearly failed to initiate self-sustained processes of development. Government intervention and centralized planning had spurred economic disaster, rather than growth. In the world of finance, preferential credit had suppressed national resource mobilization and created external indebtedness without concomitant increases in productivity. In the rural economy, agricultural development banks channeled targeted credit through cooperatives and thereby undermined their potential as via ble financial intermediaries between savers and investors - borrowers. Informal finance and other indigenous self-help institutions were ignored by policy makers. Among researchers, practitioners and donor agencies, the recognition spread that a new approach was needed: one that builds on the strength of private enterprise, albeit in the informal sector, non governmental actors and the strength of indigenous human and institutional resources - to be innovatively combined with external modernization inputs. --

Innovation and Technological Development of Industrial Regions Under Social and Economic Insecurity

The article is devoted to the identification of the characteristics and priorities of innovation and technological development in the industrial regions of the Russian Federation in the context of the ongoing global crisis. The authors come from the hypothesis that, in these circumstances, the strategy of innovative development of industrial regions, in order to ensure their sustainability and the creation of conditions for further growth, should be an integral part of their industrial policies and focus primarily on the modernization and improvement of technical and technological level of basic units. On the basis of the analysis of statistical data about the status of the innovation capacity in the Russian Federation, the authors have identified the root causes of the continuing backlog of advanced foreign countries by the level of innovative development (raw-material orientation of the Russian economy that enhances the technological dependence of the developed countries; insufficient financial support for innovation activities by the state; the orientation of innovation in imitation and borrowing). The necessity to take into account in the development and implementation of the socio-economic strategic regions of the Russian Federation and the close relationship between the industrial-technological and innovation component of social development is proved. In order to improve the effectiveness of regional development policies, the classification of Russian regions considering their industrial and technological specialization is proposed, the required elements and characteristics of effective innovation systems for each type of region are allocated. In the article, the proposals on measures of the state support for innovation development of industrial regions, with the aim of improving their sustainability and competitiveness in the face of geopolitical and economic uncertainty are determined. The article is addressed to professionals in the field of theory and practice in the management of innovative processes.The article has been prepared with the support of Russian Humanitarian Science Foundation, project 14–02–00331 Innovative and technological development of a region: assessment, forecasting, and ways of achievement»

SHAP Enrollment and Eligibility Activities: Implications for Process and System Modernization Under National Health Reform

Shares five states' experiences and best practices in using State Health Access Program grants to expand public health coverage through community-based outreach and improved eligibility and enrollment processes, as well as implications for federal reform

Post-Socialist Transformation of Central and Eastern Europe at the Turn of the Century: Regional Development and Economic Inequality

The evolution of socio-economic systems is non-linear, it includes both the periods of smooth changes and subsequent abrupt transformational leaps. The overall structure of new prospects opens as early as at the stage of emerging evolutionary processes, and their forecast requires to analyze the historical premises and risks that are closely associated with the change of public attitudes. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the newly independent states went through a transformational and evolutionary development stage that led them from a regional economy (since they actually had been the regions) to the national economy, while the countries in Central and Eastern Europe experienced a dramatic drift towards the European Union. This paper examines the results of almost 25-year-long transformation of these countries. The new states that emerged following the collapse of the Soviet Union went through three types of transformation. First, there were transformations on the ideological level. The transformations of the second type were purely economic. The third type can be described as institutional (including structural and financial) transformation. It has been demonstrated that one of the important reasons for modest economic performance in the post-Soviet space was the fact that the new states ignored and did not use the principles of regional policy and regional modernization in their state-building practice. A characteristic feature in the socio-economic evolution of Eastern Europe after 1990 was a sharply emphasized process of stratification and social differentiation occurring against the backdrop of insufficiently strong middle class and the polarization of income levels in different regions. The growing polarization of income levels in different regions represents the dominant trend of rising economic inequality.This research has been conducted with the support of the Russian Science Foundation (the Grant No. 14–28–00065) "Structural and Cyclical Paradigm of Economic and Technological Renewal of Macro-Social Systems (World and Russia in the First Half of the 21st century).