Women's attitudes toward menstruation : a quantitative survey and qualitative interview investigation : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University

Menstruation plays an important role in the psychology of women. There is, however, little information about the nature of women's attitudes toward menstruation. The present study used a quantitative survey followed by a series of qualitative interviews to explore these attitudes in a sample of University women in New Zealand. The Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire (MAO) was used to assess the attitudes and beliefs of 343 women. The psychometric properties of the MAO and its underlying factor structure were examined using a range of factor analytic models. Responses were then used to select a sample of 1O women for interview. Interviews were conducted in order to elaborate upon the attitudes identified by the MAO and to examine in more depth the nature of women's attitudes toward menstruation. Factor analysis of the MAO yielded five orthogonal factors. Results suggested that these university women perceived menstruation as: Marginally causing physical, emotional and intellectual changes, a natural event, an inconvenience and slightly disrupting their usual performance and activities. Subjects accepted the existence of premenstrual tension. Similarly, interviews revealed that attitudes were multidimensional with each subject having an individual configuration of positive, negative and neutral beliefs about menstruation. No consistent pattern among the different beliefs was established. Furthermore, it would appear that attitudes towards menstruation may not be acquired from direct experience but may be learned through social expectations. Directions for future research are indicated, particularly the importance of qualitative research

A Critique of Advertisements for Female Hygiene Products: A Silent Crisis in America

Female hygiene advertisements can be ambiguous due to the intimate nature of menstruation. This can result in a lack of information and invoke the need to hide signals of menstruation. Further, understanding the target audience’s desires and needs is crucial. Just like any other advertisement campaign, the women buying female hygiene products desire to know the benefits of one type over another. Adding an emotive appeal or a creative method to the advertisement is not wrong. This thesis does not suggest for a dull advertisement; however, there is a balance—a campaign designed to care for and inform women while meeting their body’s needs

WASH in Schools Empowers Girls' Education: Proceedings of the Menstrual Hygiene Management in Schools Virtual Conference 2013

This publication brings together the key elements of the 16 presentations made at the Second Annual Virtual MHM in WinS Conference at UNICEF Headquarters in New York City on 21 November 2013. Building on recommendations from the MHM 2012 virtual conference, the 2013 conference focused on the research tools and instruments being used to explore MHM barriers and practices and to evaluate the interventions being trialed or implemented in various contexts

Hubungan Pengetahuan Remaja Putri Terhadap Perilaku Penatalaksanaan Vulvahygiene Saat Menstruasi Pada Siswi Kelas X Dan Xi Di Sma Xaverius 2 Palembang 2017

Background: At the time of menstruation is very necessary self care to keep and maintain the hygiene during the menstruation, especially the vulva hygiene. Vulva hygiene behavior considerations in young women are still very low, such as the indolence of replacing sanitary pad that can cause the vagina irritation. It causes because of the lack of young women’s knowledge about vulva hygiene during the menstruation. Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of young women’s knowledge against the management behavior of vulva hygiene during menstruation in grade X and XI students at SMA Xaverius 2 Palembang. Method: This study uses the analytical survey method with cross sectional apporoach and sampling with total sampling as much 108 respondents. Result: The results of this found is 73 (67,6%) have good knowledge and 35 (32,4%) have less knowledge. Whereas good behavior as much as 84 (77,8) and 25 (23,1%) have less behavior. From the results of chi square test, obtained, there is correlation of young women’s knowledge against the management behavior of vulva hygiene during menstruation with p value is 0,002. Providing counseling about vulva hygiene during menstruation is very necessary to provide in improving the knowledge and behavior of young women about vulva hygiene management

We Can't Wait: A Report on Sanitation and Hygiene for Women and Girls

This paper raises awareness of the impacts of poor sanitation on women across the world and calls for a concerted effort on a different scale from all levels of government, business, and civil society. It looks at how poor sanitation affects women's health, education, livelihoods, and what the global community, from governments to NGOs to business, can do to make a difference

Research on Working & Living Conditions of Women in Export Processing Zones (EPZ) and Sweatshops in Indonesia

CCC_04_07_13_PMK_EPZ_researchonworkingconditionsofwomenindonesia.pdf: 192 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

Therapy for Irregular Menstruation with Acupunture and Herbal Pegagan (Centella Asiatica (L.))

Background : Menstruation is bleeding periodic scale and cyclical from uterus extrication (deskuamasi) endometrium. Menstruation bleeding is complex interaction result wich involve hormone system and body system, that are hypothalamus, hypofisis, ovarium and uterus. Every woman has different menstruation cycle. The causes of irregular menstruation are genetic and bad habit life. While according to TCM, irregular menstruation is Yue Jing Bu Tiao. Purpose : to knowing the effect of acupuncture therapy and point of Guanyuan (CV 4), Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjao (SP 6) and Shenmen (HT 7). Therapy was given 12 times, 3 times every week. Herbal therapy wich given was pegagan (Centella asiatica (L)) with dose 0,3 and consumed everyday after eat. Result : therapy that used acupuncture and herbal in irregular menstruation case showing menstruation cycle change, that was menstruation cycle became shorter from 76 days to 41 days. Conclusion : acupuncture therapy on point of Guanyuan (CV 4), Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjao (SP 6), Shenmen (HT 7), and pegagan herbal (Centella asiatica (L)) could shorten menstruation cycle from 76 days to 41 days

The Ground on Which We All Stand: A Conversation About Menstrual Equity Law and Activism

This essay grows out of a panel discussion among five lawyers on the subject of menstrual equity activism. Each of the authors is a scholar, activist or organizer involved in some form of menstrual equity work. The overall project is both enriched and complicated by an intersectional analysis. This essay increases awareness of existing menstrual equity and menstrual justice work; it also identifies avenues for further inquiry, next steps for legal action, and opportunities that lie ahead. After describing prior and current work at the junction of law and menstruation, the contributors evaluate the successes and limitations of recent legal changes. The authors then turn to conceptual issues about the relationship between menstrual equity and gender justice, as well as the difference between equity and equality. The essay concludes with consideration of the future of menstrual equity and menstrual justice work. The authors envision an expanded, inclusive group of individuals working for greater gender justice