Exploring the Effects on the Electoral College of National and Regional Popular Vote Interstate Compact: An Electoral Engineering Perspective

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the consequences of the formation of either a Regional Popular Vote Interstate compact or a National Popular Vote Interstate compact on the functioning of the Electoral College. The two versions of interstate Compact which are considered here differ in only one respect: in one case the interstate compact allocates its electoral votes to the regional popular winner while in the other case it allocates these votes to the national popular winner. They both differ from the ongoing National Popular Vote Interstate Compact as it is assumed that the agreement is effective as soon as the members sign it. The decisiveness and welfare analysis are conducted for a simplified symmetric theoretical version of the Electoral College where the malapportionment problems are absent. The three most popular probabilistic models are considered and the study is conducted either from the self-interest perspective of the initiators of the interstate compact or from a general interest perspective. The analysis combines analytical arguments and simulations

Exploring the Effects on the Electoral College of National and Regional Popular Vote Interstate Compact: An Electoral Engineering Perspective

The main purpose of this paper is to explore the consequences of the formation of either a Regional Popular Vote Interstate compact or a National Popular Vote Interstate compact on the functioning of the Electoral College. The two versions of interstate Compact which are considered here differ in only one respect: in one case the interstate compact allocates its electoral votes to the regional popular winner while in the other case it allocates these votes to the national popular winner. They both differ from the ongoing National Popular Vote Interstate Compact as it is assumed that the agreement is effective as soon as the members sign it. The decisiveness and welfare analysis are conducted for a simplified symmetric theoretical version of the Electoral College where the malapportionment problems are absent. The three most popular probabilistic models are considered and the study is conducted either from the self-interest perspective of the initiators of the interstate compact or from a general interest perspective. The analysis combines analytical arguments and simulations

Equitable over Time? — Evaluating the 'Costs' of Interstate Compact Participation

The Interstate Compact for the Supervision of Parolees and Probationers (ICSPP) provides for the supervision of offenders in states other than those in which they were sentenced. It is assumed that the number of offenders entering a state for supervision is, over time, approximately equal to the number leaving for supervision elsewhere. Thus the net "cost" to the state would, over time, be zero. Data on Alaska's participation in the Interstate Compact formed the impetus for a study of Interstate Compact clients processed through the Anchorage probation office. This study suggests that numbers should not be the only measure of cost: demographic and offense characteristics of clients, as well as their supervision needs, should be factored into any cost assessment.Abstract / [Introduction] / The Interstate Compact / Measuring Equity / Background of the Study / Research Methodology / Results / Discussion / Reference

The "Fourth Stream": the power of hidden participants to implement policy with the aid of the high courts

Due to financial constraints and a lack of bed space caused by a large influx of inmates over the last decade, the Oregon Department of Corrections has been utilizing penal policy that – in one form or another – involves the interstate import and export of prisoners. However, in order to transport, exchange or “lease” inmates to states, the Oregon Department of Corrections must utilize the Federal Interstate Compact Act, and in so doing, has entered into various interstate corrections compact. The original purpose of the Federal Interstate Compact has evolved over time and the actual legal authority allowing Oregon to transfer inmates to out-of-state prisons is quite murky. Similarly, though it appears that the evolution of interstate compacts allowing the interstate transfer of prisoners has primarily been propelled by high court decisions, the role of legislation is less clear. (author's abstract

UNIFORM CORPORATION LAWS THROUGH INTERSTATE COMPACTS AND FEDERAL LEGISLATION

It is the purpose of the present article to suggest that another means of accomplishing the end exists in the possibility of an interstate compact for uniform corporate legislation, coupled with supplementary federal legislation appropriate to make the interstate compact effective

IMPACTS OF THE NORTHEAST INTERSTATE DAIRY COMPACT ON NEW ENGLAND MILK SUPPLY

A two-equation random coefficients model is developed to examine the impact of the Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact on cow numbers, milk per cow, and milk production during July 1997 to June 1998. The Compact is estimated to have increased milk production by 1%, primarily due to increased milk per cow.Agribusiness, Livestock Production/Industries,

A Preliminary Assessment of the Impact on Alaska of Participation in the Interstate Compact

The Interstate Compact for the Supervision of Parolees and Probationers is an agreement whereby one state agrees to provide supervision for offenders on community release from other states. Participants in the interstate compact agree that any state will accept supervision of a parolee or probationer providing the offender has proper residence either as a resident of that state or with family, and that he/she is able to find employment. Major increases in Alaska's prison population over the past decade have been accompanied by corresponding increases in the number of persons under probation/parole supervision and in the caseloads of individual probation officers. Using a master listing of all persons under the jurisdiction of the Alaska Department of Corrections from 1976 to 1983, the Justice Center at University of Alaska Anchorage made a preliminary assessment of the impact on Alaska of participation in the Interstate Compact. From 1976 to 1983, Alaska processed 1,551 offenders through the Interstate Compact, of whom 999 were received for supervision from other states (64.4% of the total) and 552 (35.6%) were sent to other states. Based on this data, the interstate compact has not yet been an equitable arrangement for any city in Alaska: each city has seen a greater number of incoming than of outgoing transfers.Introduction / Background of the Study / Research Results / Demographics / Discussion / Tables & Figures / Bibliograph

Interstate Medical Licensure Compact

The Medical Licensure Compact is an “expedited license review” compact. The IMLC is an agreement between states on medical licensure eligibility which offers expedited licensure for qualified physicians

Alaska's Participation in the Interstate Compact for Probation and Parole

The Interstate Compact for the Supervision of Parolees and Probationers is an agreement whereby one state agrees to provide supervision for offenders on community release from other states. Participants in the interstate compact agree that any state will accept supervision of a parolee or probationer providing the offender has proper residence either as a resident of that state or with family, and that he/she is able to find employment. Major increases in Alaska's prison population over the past decade have been accompanied by corresponding increases in the number of persons under probation/parole supervision and in the caseloads of individual probation officers. Using a master listing of all persons under the jurisdiction of the Alaska Department of Corrections from 1976 to 1983, the Justice Center at University of Alaska Anchorage made a preliminary assessment of the impact on Alaska of participation in the Interstate Compact. From 1976 to 1983, Alaska processed 1,551 offenders through the Interstate Compact, of whom 999 were received for supervision from other states (64.4% of the total) and 552 (35.6%) were sent to other states. Based on this data, the interstate compact has not yet been an equitable arrangement for any city in Alaska: each city has seen a greater number of incoming than of outgoing transfers.Alaska Division of Probation and ParoleIntroduction / Research Results / Demographics / Discussion / Note / Tables & Figures / Bibliograph