AGM-Style Revision of Beliefs and Intentions from a Database Perspective (Preliminary Version)

We introduce a logic for temporal beliefs and intentions based on Shoham's database perspective. We separate strong beliefs from weak beliefs. Strong beliefs are independent from intentions, while weak beliefs are obtained by adding intentions to strong beliefs and everything that follows from that. We formalize coherence conditions on strong beliefs and intentions. We provide AGM-style postulates for the revision of strong beliefs and intentions. We show in a representation theorem that a revision operator satisfying our postulates can be represented by a pre-order on interpretations of the beliefs, together with a selection function for the intentions

Intending is Believing: A Defense of Strong Cognitivism

We argue that intentions are beliefs—beliefs that are held in light of, and made rational by, practical reasoning. To intend to do something is neither more nor less than to believe, on the basis of one’s practical reasoning, that one will do it. The identification of the mental state of intention with the mental state of belief is what we call strong cognitivism about intentions. It is a strong form of cognitivism because we identify intentions with beliefs, rather than maintaining that beliefs are entailed by intentions or are components of them

Starfished in the sand : developing the theory of planned behaviour to predict intentions to use sunscreen on the beach : a research project presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Psychology at Massey University, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand

This study examined the predictive power of the theory of planned behaviour in explaining sunscreen use intentions among beach-goers in New Zealand (n = 148) and the United Kingdom (n = 280). Generally, the theory of planned behaviour performed well with attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control explaining 54.8% (NZ) and 39.5% (UK) of the variability in intention. In addition to the theory of planned behaviour constructs, several other variables were included to enhance the models predictive power. The concepts of descriptive norm, implementation intentions, outcome expectancy, anticipated regret, past behaviour, global self-esteem and conscientiousness were investigated. Implementation intentions, past behaviour and anticipated regret contributed significantly to the theory of planned behaviour in predicting sunscreen use intentions. In addition, partial mediation of the theory of planned behaviour constructs was found by implementation intentions. Interaction effects were evident between past behaviour and perceived behavioural control in the UK sample. Implications for further investigation of the concept of anticipated regret and including a measure of self-identity are discussed

The Volitive and the Executive Function of Intentions

Many philosophers of action conceive intentions functionally, as executive states: intentions are mental states that represent an action and tend to cause this action. In the philosophical tradition another function of intentions, which may be called "volitive", played a much more prominent role: intentions are mental states that represent what kind of actions we want and prefer to be realized and thus synthesize in a possibly rational way our motivational, desiderative and perhaps affective as well as cognitive attitudes towards this action. In the paper it is argued that intentions must fulfil both functions. Then a concept of ‘intention’ is developed that integrates both functions

Badminton players’ moral intentions : a factorial survey study into personal and contextual determinants

Improving and maintaining high ethical standards among athletes is a major challenge in sports, which requires sufficient knowledge on athletes’ moral intentions. This study advances our knowledge on athletes’ moral intentions by examining the personal and contextual determinants (factors) that influence moral intentions of badminton players. In a factorial survey study, a total of 171 participants were asked to respond to scenarios describing moral dilemmas in the context of badminton. This approach allows combining advantages from both classical experiments and survey methods, enabling the determination of the underlying principles of the judgments and intentions of respondents. Multilevel analysis indicated that intention to engage in the described behaviour was impacted by both the act and the gender of the subject. This study complements previous research on athletes’ moral intentions by the advanced method of factorial survey, while supporting the development of more specific approaches in the promotion of ethical behaviour in sports

Consumer Purchasing: When Does Corporate Social Responsibility Matter?

Almost all companies engage in corporate social responsibility (CSR) programs, and often times consumers are unaware of this. As societal pressures on companies and organizations to be more responsible increases, so have the practices companies have undertaken. My research will examine the potential impact a company’s CSR information and practices have on a consumer’s purchasing intentions. It will answer the following two questions: Does CSR information have the ability to change a person’s purchase intentions in high and low involvement purchasing scenarios? Will a person’s individual level of social responsibility cause differences in purchase intentions among different purchasing scenarios? Exposure to a variety of different purchasing scenarios will attempt to uncover connections between CSR efforts and purchase intentions. Results from the study show that CSR makes a big difference to consumers in high-involvement purchasing scenarios

Effects of Switching Barriers on Satisfaction, Repurchase Intentions and Attitudinal Loyalty

The positive effect of customer satisfaction on repurchase intentions and attitudinal loyalty has been shown in numerous studies. The effect of switching barriers on these variables, however, has been subject to much less attention from researchers. In this study we propose that switching barriers can be seen as either positive or negative, and we examine their effects on customer satisfaction, repurchase intentions and attitudinal loyalty. A LISREL analysis of the empirical data shows that negative switching barriers have negative effects on customer satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty, but a positive effect on repurchase intentions. Positive switching barriers impinge positively on customer satisfaction, repurchase intentions and attitudinal loyalty.switching barriers; loyalty; satisfaction; repurchase intentions

Predicting participation in group parenting education in an Australian sample: The role of attitudes, norms, and control factors

We examined the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in predicting intentions to participate in group parenting education. One hundred and seventy-six parents (138 mothers and 38 fathers) with a child under 12 years completed TPB items assessing attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and two additional social influence variables (self-identity and group norm). Regression analyses supported the TPB predictors of participation intentions with self-identity and group norm also significantly predicting intentions. These findings offer preliminary support for the TPB, along with additional sources of social influence, as a useful predictive model of participation in parenting education

Bayesian Games with Intentions

We show that standard Bayesian games cannot represent the full spectrum of belief-dependent preferences. However, by introducing a fundamental distinction between intended and actual strategies, we remove this limitation. We define Bayesian games with intentions, generalizing both Bayesian games and psychological games, and prove that Nash equilibria in psychological games correspond to a special class of equilibria as defined in our setting.Comment: In Proceedings TARK 2015, arXiv:1606.0729