Impurity state in the vortex core of d-wave superconductors: Anderson impurity model versus unitary impurity model

Using an extended Anderson/Kondo impurity model to describe the magnetic moments around an impurity doped in high-$T_{\text{c}}$ d-wave cuprates and in the framework of the slave-boson meanfield approach, we study numerically the impurity state in the vortex core by exact diagonalization of the well-established Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. The low-energy impurity state is found to be good agreement with scanning tunnelingmicroscopy observation. After pinning a vortex on the impurity site, we compare the unitary impurity model with the extended Anderson impurity model by examining the effect of the magnetic field on the impurity state. We find that the impurity resonance in the unitary impurity model is strongly suppressed by the vortex; while it is insensitive to the field in the extended Anderson impurity model.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure

Impurity scattering and Friedel oscillations in mono-layer black phosphorus

We study the effect of impurity scattering effect in black phosphorurene (BP) in this work. For single impurity, we calculate impurity induced local density of states (LDOS) in momentum space numerically based on tight-binding Hamiltonian. In real space, we calculate LDOS and Friedel oscillation analytically. LDOS shows strong anisotropy in BP. Many impurities in BP are investigated using $T$-matrix approximation when the density is low. Midgap states appear in band gap with peaks in DOS. The peaks of midgap states are dependent on impurity potential. For finite positive potential, the impurity tends to bind negative charge carriers and vise versa. The infinite impurity potential problem is related to chiral symmetry in BP

Impurity induced bound states and proximity effect in a bilayer exciton condensate

The effect of impurities which induce local interlayer tunneling in bilayer exciton condensates is discussed. We show that a localized single fermion bound state emerges inside the gap for any strength of impurity scattering and calculate the dependence of the impurity state energy and wave function on the potential strength. We show that such an impurity induced single fermion state enhances the interlayer coherence around it, and is similar to the superconducting proximity effect. As a direct consequence of these single impurity states, we predict that a finite concentration of such impurities will increase the critical temperature for exciton condensation.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Impurity transport in trapped electron mode driven turbulence

Trapped electron mode turbulence is studied by gyrokinetic simulations with the GYRO code and an analytical model including the effect of a poloidally varying electrostatic potential. Its impact on radial transport of high-Z trace impurities close to the core is thoroughly investigated and the dependence of the zero-flux impurity density gradient (peaking factor) on local plasma parameters is presented. Parameters such as ion-to-electron temperature ratio, electron temperature gradient and main species density gradient mainly affect the impurity peaking through their impact on mode characteristics. The poloidal asymmetry, the safety factor and magnetic shear have the strongest effect on impurity peaking, and it is shown that under certain scenarios where trapped electron modes are dominant, core accumulation of high-Z impurities can be avoided. We demonstrate that accounting for the momentum conservation property of the impurity-impurity collision operator can be important for an accurate evaluation of the impurity peaking factor.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figure

Impurity effects on semiconductor quantum bits in coupled quantum dots

We theoretically consider the effects of having unintentional charged impurities in laterally coupled two-dimensional double (GaAs) quantum dot systems, where each dot contains one or two electrons and a single charged impurity in the presence of an external magnetic field. Using molecular orbital and configuration interaction method, we calculate the effect of the impurity on the 2-electron energy spectrum of each individual dot as well as on the spectrum of the coupled-double-dot 2-electron system. We find that the singlet-triplet exchange splitting between the two lowest energy states, both for the individual dots and the coupled dot system, depends sensitively on the location of the impurity and its coupling strength (i.e. the effective charge). A strong electron-impurity coupling breaks down equality of the two doubly-occupied singlets in the left and the right dot leading to a mixing between different spin singlets. As a result, the maximally entangled qubit states are no longer fully obtained in zero magnetic field case. Moreover, a repulsive impurity results in a triplet-singlet transition as the impurity effective charge increases or/and the impurity position changes. We comment on the impurity effect in spin qubit operations in the double dot system based on our numerical results.Comment: published version on Physical Review B journal, 25 pages, 26 figure

Local Quasiparticle States near a Unitary Impurity with Induced Magnetic Moment in a d-Wave Superconductor

The local quasiparticle density of states around a unitary impurity with a Kondo-like magnetic moment induced at its nearest neighbors in a d-wave superconductor is studied within the slave-boson mean-field approach. The Hamiltonian is exactly diagonalized and the results are obtained self-consistently. We show that the interference between the strong impurity potential scattering and the Kondo effect leads to novel quasiparticle spectra around the impurity, which are strikingly different from the case of a single unitary or magnetic impurity. The recent STM image of the local differential tunneling conductance around a Zn impurity in a high-T_c cuprate can be essentially explained if the blocking effect of BiO surface layer between the tip and probed CuO_2 plane [Zhu et al., Phys. Rev. B 62, 6207 (2000)] is taken into account.Comment: 4 pages, 3 ps figures, reference updated, typos remove

How backscattering off a point impurity can enhance the current and make the conductance greater than e^2/h per channel

It is well known that while forward scattering has no effect on the conductance of one-dimensional systems, backscattering off a static impurity suppresses the current. We study the effect of a time-dependent point impurity on the conductance of a one-channel quantum wire. At strong repulsive interaction (Luttinger liquid parameter g<1/2), backscattering renders the linear conductance greater than its value e^2/h in the absence of the impurity. A possible experimental realization of our model is a constricted quantum wire or a constricted Hall bar at fractional filling factors nu=1/(2n+1) with a time-dependent voltage at the constriction.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure