History of Psychology

Openly licensed anthology focused on the theme of the History of Psychology. Contains: The Mind and the Brain by Alfred Binet; Dream Psychology: Psychoanalysis for Beginners by Sigmund Freud; The Principles of Psychology, Volume 1 (of 2) by William James; The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2) by William James; Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology by C. G. Jung; Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds by Charles Mackay; The Psychology of Arithmetic by Edward L. Thorndike

Advancing microelectronics through nanoscale science: A perspective on needs and opportunities from the nanoscale science research centers

Microelectronics are the cornerstone of the modern world, enhancing our daily lives by providing services such as communications and datacenters. These resources are accessible thanks to the continual pursuit of a deeper understanding of the chemical and physical phenomena underlying the materials synthesis approaches and fabrication processes used to create microelectronic components and subsequently the components' responses to electrical, optical, and other stimuli that are utilized within microelectronic systems. Today, further development of microelectronics requires multidisciplinary expertise across scientific disciplines and fields of study—synthesis, materials characterization, nanoscale fabrication, and performance characterization—with focus placed on comprehending the nanoscale forms and features of microelectronic components. The Nanoscale Science Research Centers (NSRCs) are Department of Energy, Office of Science user facilities that support the international scientific community in advancing nanoscale science and technology. As a key component of the U.S. Government's National Nanotechnology Initiative, the NSRCs enable transformative discoveries by providing world-class facilities, expertise, and collaborative opportunities. In this perspective, we showcase a non-exhaustive cross-section of the capabilities housed at and developed by the NSRCs and their user communities to address fundamental synthesis, metrology, fabrication, and performance considerations toward advancing the development of new microelectronics. Finally, we provide a timely outlook on the next major areas of necessary development in nanoscale sciences to continue the innovation of microelectronics into the next generation

Glossolalia influences on stress response among Apostolic Pentecostals

This study tests the hypothesis that long–term experience of Apostolic Pentecostal glossolalia or “speaking in tongues” reduces the reactivity of biological stress response to normal or daily stressors. Glossolalia is a form of religious dissociation. Dissociation is a universal capacity often conflated with “trance.” It refers to the partitioning of awareness associated with a variety of cross–cultural forms, from daydreaming and denial to possession trance, shamanic spirit journeys, and dissociative identity disorder. Dissociation is believed to reduce or filter stress by mediating evaluation of potential stressors and reactivity of the mechanisms of biological stress response. Previous studies have examined these mechanisms in clinical settings and in relation to secularized dissociative phenomena, but few have attempted to evaluate the stress reducing and filtering capacities of culturally relative dissociation in situ. This is important, as forms of dissociation, such as meditation and hypnosis, are used in medical application for improving health by reducing stress. The current study sought to isolate a form of culturally relative dissociation in assessing its influence on biological stress response. This was accomplished through a two year investigation among Apostolics in New York’s mid—Hudson Valley

Van der Waals epitaxy and beyond for monolithic 3D integration

As the limitations of silicon-based technologies approach their physical boundaries, monolithic three-dimensional integration (M3D) and two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), have emerged as promising solutions for continuous scaling in semiconductor devices. This perspective explores the evolution of van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy and its potential to integrate TMDs into M3D structures. By circumventing lattice mismatch issues, vdW epitaxy allows the formation of high-quality single-crystal heterostructures across diverse material systems. However, the challenge of achieving films with uniform thickness control remains unresolved. Herein, advanced epitaxial growth techniques for TMDs are reviewed, including quasi-vdW epitaxy, vdW recrystallization, and remote epitaxy, whilst also introducing emerging approaches, such as hypotaxy and interfacial epitaxy. These emerging techniques have the potential to produce large-area defect-free films with controllable thicknesses. Ultimately, the development of new epitaxial methods specifically designed for TMDs is essential for the future integration of 2D materials into industrial applications.N