Inequality, Mobility and Redistributive Politics

This paper develops a model where income inequality and intergenerational mo- bility are jointly determined via redistributive politics. The model includes two key factors: accessibility of tertiary education for poor-born agents and multiple self- ful?lling expectations of agents. Given these factors, the model provides predictions of cross-country differences in inequality and mobility consistent with empirical ob- servations.Inequality; Inequality; Intergenerational mobility; Redistribution; Markov per- fect political equilibrium; Overlapping generations

Out-of-equilibrium singlet-triplet Kondo effect in a single C_60 quantum dot

We have used an electromigration technique to fabricate a $\rm{C_{{60}}}$ single-molecule transistor (SMT). Besides describing our electromigration procedure, we focus and present an experimental study of a single molecule quantum dot containing an even number of electrons, revealing, for two different samples, a clear out-of-equilibrium Kondo effect. Low temperature magneto-transport studies are provided, which demonstrates a Zeeman splitting of the finite bias anomaly.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

The effect of the EMU on short and long-run stock market dynamics: New evidence on financial integration

This paper deals with the time evolution of stock market integra- tion around the introduction of the euro. In particular we test whether the degree of integration between the main eurozone countries increased after European monetary union. The contribution of the paper to the extant literature is twofold: a) first, we take into account the poten- tial long-run equilibrium relationship between stock indices allowing for structural changes in the cointegration space that might capture the ef- fect of the introduction of the euro, and b)we formally test the existence of greater financial integration after European monetary union across the main member countries and between these members and the UK. Empirical evidence reveal the existence of long-run equilibrium relation- ships between European stock markets even before the introduction of the euro. Our empirical findings suggest that financial integration is not the direct consequence of the removal of exchange rate risk due to currency unification. Rather, it arises as a result of macroeconomic con- vergence. This aspect is corroborated by the nature of the principal component structure of estimated conditional correlations

Could an increase in education raise income inequality? : evidence for Latin America

This paper explores the direct effect of an education expansion on the level of earnings inequality by carrying out microsimulations for most Latin American countries. We find that the direct effect of the increase in years of education in the region in the 1990s and 2000s was unequalizing; this result is expected to hold for future expansions if increases in education are not highly progressive. Both facts are closely linked to the convexity of returns to education in the labor market. On average, the estimated impact of the education expansion remains unequalizing when allowing for changes in returns to schooling, although the effect becomes smaller.Fil: Battistón, Diego Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento de Ciencias Económicas. Centro de Estudios Distributivos Laborales y Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Garcia Domench, Carolina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento de Ciencias Económicas. Centro de Estudios Distributivos Laborales y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Gasparini, Leonardo Carlos. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento de Ciencias Económicas. Centro de Estudios Distributivos Laborales y Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

On the influence of high energy electron populations on metal abundance estimates in galaxy groups and clusters

Spectral line emissivities have usually been calculated for a Maxwellian electron distribution. But many theoretical works on galaxy groups and clusters and on the solar corona suggest to consider modified Maxwellian electron distribution functions to fit observed X-ray spectra. Here we examine the influence of high energy electron populations on measurements of metal abundances. A generalized approach which was proposed in the paper by Prokhorov et al. (2009) is used to calculate the line emissivities for a modified Maxwellian distribution. We study metal abundances in galaxy groups and clusters where hard X-ray excess emission was observed. We found that for modified Maxwellian distributions the argon abundance decreases for the HCG 62 group, the iron abundance decreases for the Centaurus cluster and the oxygen abundance decreases for the solar corona with respect to the case of a Maxwellian distribution. Therefore, metal abundance measurements are a promising tool to test the presence of high energy electron populations.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&

Electronic and structural properties of vacancies on and below the GaP(110) surface

We have performed total-energy density-functional calculations using first-principles pseudopotentials to determine the atomic and electronic structure of neutral surface and subsurface vacancies at the GaP(110) surface. The cation as well as the anion surface vacancy show a pronounced inward relaxation of the three nearest neighbor atoms towards the vacancy while the surface point-group symmetry is maintained. For both types of vacancies we find a singly occupied level at mid gap. Subsurface vacancies below the second layer display essentially the same properties as bulk defects. Our results for vacancies in the second layer show features not observed for either surface or bulk vacancies: Large relaxations occur and both defects are unstable against the formation of antisite vacancy complexes. Simulating scanning tunneling microscope pictures of the different vacancies we find excellent agreement with experimental data for the surface vacancies and predict the signatures of subsurface vacancies.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. B, Other related publications can be found at http://www.rz-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm

Singular conductance of a spin 1 quantum dot

We interpret the recent observation of a zero-bias anomaly in spin-1 quantum dots in terms of an underscreened Kondo effect. Although a spin-1 quantum dots are expected to undergo a two-stage quenching effect, in practice the log normal distribution of Kondo temperatures leads to a broad temperature region dominated by underscreened Kondo physics. General arguments, based on the asymptotic decoupling between the partially screened moment and the leads, predict a singular temperature and voltage dependence of the conductance $G$ and differential conductance $g$, resulting in $dg/dT\sim 1/T$ and $dG/dV \sim 1/V$. Using a Schwinger boson approach, we show how these qualitative expectations are borne out in a detailed many body calculation.Comment: Four pages, four figures. Paper revised with additional references added in response to feedback from reader

Triplet Josephson effect with magnetic feedback

We study AC Josephson effect in a superconductor-ferromagnet heterostructure with a variable magnetic configuration. The system supports triplet proximity correlations whose dynamics is coupled to the magnetic dynamics. This feedback dramatically modifies the behavior of the junction. The current-phase relation becomes double-periodic at both very low and high Josephson frequencies $\omega_J$. At intermediate frequencies, the periodicity in $\omega_J t$ may be lost.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Magnetic Nernst effect

The thermodynamics of irreversible processes in continuous media predicts the existence of a Magnetic Nernst effect that results from a magnetic analog to the Seebeck effect in a ferromagnet and magnetophoresis occurring in a paramagnetic electrode in contact with the ferromagnet. Thus, a voltage that has DC and AC components is expected across a Pt electrode as a response to the inhomogeneous magnetic induction field generated by magnetostatic waves of an adjacent YIG slab subject to a temperature gradient. The voltage frequency and dependence on the orientation of the applied magnetic induction field are quite distinct from that of spin pumping.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur