Fishery and biology of commercial penaeid shrimps

Marine shrimps are fished all along the Indian coast and brought to different fish landing centres/harbours located in the maritime states. They are caught mainly by trawlers, either multiday or single day trawlers using trawl nets. The multiday trawling operations may extend from three days to more than a week. The voyage by single day trawlers is restricted to 6 to 7 hours. There are several commercially important shrimp species in India– Penaeus indicus, Metapenaeus dobsoni, Metapenaeus monoceros, Metapenaeus affinis, Parapenaeopsis stylifera, Penaeus semisulcatus, Penaeus monodon, Solenocera choprai etc. In each maritime state, the species composition varies and one or the other species may dominate the landings in quantity. Some of them are highly valued in the international markets whereas others are utilised for domestic consumption. Certain smaller species are also dried and consumed. In India the total peaneid shrimp landings during 2016 was 200116 t forming 45% of the crustacean and 12% of the total marine landings. Diagnostic characters provide identity to each species and species having similar or certain identical characters are placed under same genus and family. Commercial shrimp species mostly belong to the family penaeidae, under the genera Penaeus, Metapenaeus, Parapenaeopsis, Metapenaeopsis, Solenocera and Trachypenaeus

Field Identification of lutjanids available in Indian waters

Field Identification of lutjanids available in Indian water

Identification of groupers available in Indian water

Sea basses are mostly marine in habitat with widespread occurrence from tropical and temperate seas. Fishes are characterised by an opercle with three spines with the main spine in centre and one each above and below. Body scales are generally ctenoid with cycloid scales also reported. Lateral line is continuous, not extending onto caudal fin. Single continuous dorsal fin, in some with notches, 7- 13 spines. Anal fin with 3 spines; caudal fin usually rounded, truncate, or lunate. Tip of maxilla exposed, pelvic fin with one spine and five soft rays; seven branchiostegal rays usually present

Marine capture fisheries-Pelagic resources and their management

Pelagic resources contribute around 50% of the total marine fish landings in India and the major contributors include the single species group comprising oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps), Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), Bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus) and the Hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha). The lesser sardines (Sardinella spp.), Ribbonfish (Trichiurus lepturus, Lepturacanthus savala), anchovies (Stolephorus spp. Thryssa spp.,), carangids (comprising scads, trevallies, pomfrets etc), seerfishes (Scomberomorus spp.) and tunas (coastal and oceanic) are the other major resource

GIS applications in aquatic environment

Globally, on an average, GIS tools save billions of dollars annually in the delivery of goods and services through proper route planning. GIS regularly help in the day-to-day management of many natural and man-made resources, including sewer, water, power, and transportation networks. Applications of GIS in marine and coastal ecosystem study is an emerging field today. GIS help us identify and address environmental problems by providing crucial information on where problems occur and who are affected by them. It also helps us identify the source, location and extent of adverse environmental impacts. GIS enable us to devise practical plans for monitoring, managing, and mitigating environmental damage. Human impacts on the environment, conflicts in resource use, concerns about pollution, and precautions to protect public health have spurred a strong societal push for the adoption of GIS

Overview of some commercially important marine demersal fishes and fishery regulations

Global total capture fishery production in 2014 was 93.4 million tonnes, of which 81.5 million tonnes from marine waters and 11.9 million tonnes from inland waters. Total capture production in marine waters was 81.5 million tonnes in 2014, a slight increase on the previous two years (SOFIA, 2016). Marine fish production of the country has shown an increase of 6.6% compared to 2015 recording a total of 3.63 million t. Of the different maritime states of India, West Bengal, Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Gujarat and the U.T. of Daman & Diu registered increase in landings whereas the other coastal states Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Goa recorded a decline in landings. Among the four regions the north-west coast comprising of Maharashtra, Gujarat and Daman & Diu contributed the maximum landings (11.83 lakh t). with 33% followed by south-west region comprising of Kerala, Karnataka and Goa together with 11.13 lakh t (31%). The states of West Bengal and Odisha which forms the northeast coast contributed 3.89 lakh t forming 11% of the all India landings

Motivational Skills and Personal Effectiveness

The man greatness is simply determined based on his motivational skills. Motivation is the word derived from the word ’motive’ which means needs, desires, wants or drives within the individuals. It is the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goals. In the work goal context the psychological factors stimulating the people’s behaviour can be the desire for money, success, recognition, job-satisfaction, team work, etc. One of the most important functions of management is to create willingness amongst the employees to perform in the best of their abilities. Therefore the role of a leader is to arouse interest in performance of employees in their jobs. The process of motivation consists of three stages. A felt need or drive, a stimulus in which needs have to be aroused and when needs are satisfied, the satisfaction or accomplishment of goals. Therefore, we can say that motivation is a psychological phenomenon which means needs and wants of the individuals have to be tackled by framing an incentive plan. In the general motivational process, there is a need, drive and a particular goal

DAMPAK PROGRAM E-TRAINING TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL GURU: Studi Evaluatif di Pusat Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan Taman Kanak- Kanak dan Pendidikan Luar Biasa

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi evaluatif mengenai dampak program e-training terhadap peningkatan kompetensi profesional guru. Program e-training ini diselenggarakan di Pusat Pengembangan dan Pemberdayaan Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan Taman Kanak- Kanak dan Pendidikan Luar Biasa (PPPPTK TK dan PLB) Bandung. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah para alumni peserta program e-training yang mengikuti program diklat penelitian tindakan kelas. Secara umum tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk untuk mengetahui dampak penyelenggaraan program e-training terhadap peningkatan kompetensi profesional guru, dan secara khusus penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberhasilan program e-training pada tahap Reaction, Learning, Behaviour, dan Result. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan jenis studi evaluatif dengan menggunakan model evaluasi Kirkpatric. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dipakai pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan angket sebagai instrumen utamanya, dan studi dokumentasi sebagai instrumen pendukungnya. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Kai Kuadrat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa program e-training berdampak terhadap peningkatan kompetensi profesional guru. Adapun simpulan khusus dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) lebih dari setengahnya (67.52%) peserta program e-training merasa puas dengan program e-training yang diselenggarakan di PPPPTK TK dan PLB Bandung. 2) sebagian besar (82.52%) alumni peserta program e-training mengalami tingkat tambahan pengetahuan yang baik mengenai Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. 3) sebagian besar (82.85%) alumni peserta program e-training mengalami tingkat perubahan perilaku kerja kerja yang baik. 4) sebagian besar (77.45%) alumni peserta program e-training menunjukan dampak yang baik terhadap tingkat produktifitas organisasi, dan berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian tersebut, maka program e-training yang diselenggarakan di PPPPTK TK dan PLB Bandung layak untuk dilanjutkan kembali. This study is an evaluative study on the impact of e-training program on the improvement of the professional competence of teachers. E-training program was held at the Center for Development and Empowerment of Teachers and Education Personnel Kindergarten and Special Education of Bandung. Respondents in this study were alumnus e-training program participants who followed the action research training program. The general objective of this study was to determine the impact of the implementation of e-training program on the improvement of the professional competence of teachers, and in particular the study aims to analyze the success of e-training program on stage Reaction, Learning, Behavior, and Result. This study uses a quantitative approach, the method used is descriptive research with the type of evaluative studies using Kirkpatric evaluation model. Data collection techniques used in this research is to use the questionnaire as the main instrument, and study documentation as supporting instruments. The data analysis technique used is Kai Squares. Based on the results of this research is that e-training program resulted in increased professional competence of teachers. The specific conclusions of this research are 1) more than half (67.52%) of e-training program participants were satisfied with the e-training program held at the London Madame kindergarten and special education. 2) most (82.52%) of alumni e-training program participants experienced a good level of additional knowledge about classroom action research. 3) most (82.85%) of alumni e-training program participants experienced a degree of behavior change work good work. 4) most (77.45%) of alumni e-training program participants showed significant impact on organizational productivity, and based on the results of these studies, the e-training program held at the Centre for Development and Empowerment of Teachers and Education Personnel Kindergarten and Special Education deserves to be continued

Antecedents of employees' e-training participation in a Malaysian private company

Previous literature indicated that people tend to have lower motivation and level of participation in e-training. This case study aims to shed light on the factors that contribute to employees' e-training participation. It examines the influence of personality traits i.e. computer self-efficacy and self-esteem and attitudinal disposition i.e. technology acceptance, job satisfaction and organisational commitment on employees' e-training participation. Results of the study indicate that all of the selected predictors were correlated positively with employees' participation in e-training. The three most dominant factors that influenced employees' participation in e-training were computer self-efficacy, technology acceptance and organisational commitment. The implications and conclusions of the study are clarified

SELF ASSESSMENT: A CRUCIAL PROCESS IN E-TRAINING

The paper offers a discussion about the concept of training from a psychological point of view. Training is a process that concerns a lifelong learning perspective, especially if referred to e-learning and on line activities. We present the Child Observation in School Context Workshop, an experience of e-training at Macerata University. We intend to stress the crucial relevance of self assessment in training processes that involve adults\u2019 participation. We describe the methodology used in the Workshop, according to the on line educational context. Besides peer discussion and negotiation, we pay attention to the final phase of the training process. In the instructional design it is significant to insert a phase in which teachers or trainers share with participants the criterions through which they will make the assessment. We show the differences, in terms of curricular results, between two editions of the same on line course: in the first one we did not share the criterions of assessment with participants, on the contrary in the second edition we dedicated a special moment to this activity. We demonstrate the importance to plan a moment in which participants are requested to evaluate their involvement both in terms of process and outcomes