THE INFLUENCE OF HAFIZ ON WESTERN POETRY

This article examines the influence of the Persian mystic poet Hafi z on western poets. Interest in Hafiz started in England in the eighteenth century with the translations of Sir William Jones. In the nineteenth century, the German translation of Baron von HammerPurgstall inspired Goethe to create his masterpiece Westöstliche Divan (West-Eastern Divan). The poetry of Hafiz evoked such passion in Goethe that he referred to him as ‘Saint Hafiz’ and ‘Celestial Friend’. Inspired by Westöstliche Divan, a number of German poets including Rückert and Platen composed volumes of poetry on the model of ghazal, the popular poetic form perfected by Hafi z in Persian literature. Prominent among the German thinkers influenced and fascinated by Hafiz was Friedrich Nietzsche who repeatedly mentioned him in his works. The influence of Hafiz stretched to America in 1838 when Ralph Waldo Emerson read Goethe’s West-Eastern Divan. In Hafiz, Emerson found a man who derived pleasure in the very elements which others found mean. Under the influence of Hafiz’s Saki-nameh or the Book of Wine, he created his finest poem Bacchus which, according to Harold Bloom, set the terms for the dialectic of American poetry

Iqbal and Goethe : a note

The recourse to Goethe plays an important role in the work of Mohammad Iqbal (1873-1938), one of the few important writers from the Indian subcontinent who knew German literature. Iqbal situates his own writing in the context of western colonial expansion and the corresponding world-historical loss of power of Islam in the East. The recourse to Goethe becomes an import reference point in his work. It enables him to stylise himself as a Messenger of the East in reply to Goethe as a representative of the West. By establishing a comparative cultural constellation with his German predecessor Iqbal affirms a cultural position consisting of a mode of historical complaint and cultural revival

Locatıons, names and descrıptıon elements in the gazel of Necati

Divan şiiri ile ilgili yaygın olan “mücerret, soyut, halktan ve hayattan kopuk, gerçekten uzak, kurmaca şiir” algısı kendi içinde haklı gerekçelere dayanmaktadır. Divan şiiri metinlerinin genelinde bu kabullerin izlerini görebilmekteyiz; ancak bu tarz ürünler dışında bu şiiri somutla ilişkilendiren mısralara da rastlamıyor değiliz. Gerçek kişiler, gerçek mekanlar ve onlara ait nitelikler gerçeğin en başat unsurları arasındadır. Bu makalede Divan şiirinin yerelleşmesi çalışmalarının öncülerinden, halk anlayış ve algısının bu şiire taşınması çabalarının usta şairi Necati’nin gazellerinde bu şiirin gerçekle temasına dikkati çekmeye çalıştık.The common poetry perception for Divan poetry like “absolute, abstract, broken off from people and life and far away from reality, fictional” is based on valid grounds within itself. Although we can observe similar marks of this admittance in the text of Divan poetry, we can stil see the wordings which link the poems with the concrete. Real persons, real places and their characteristics are among of principal elements of this reality. In this article, we have tried to draw attention to relation between reality and the lyrics of Necati who is one of the pioneers that worked on localization of Divan poetry and is the master poet that worked the understanding of perception of people to wards to this poetry styl

Max Weber on Politics, Reason, and the Clash of Values and Approaches to Ethics

This article investigates how Max Weber’s theory of value conflict is connected to his realist understanding of politics and how he conceives the relation of politics and ethics. This investigation also covers Weber’s views on the argumentative limits of the social sciences and ethics. The center of Weber’s philosophy of science is constituted by his methodological thoughts on “ethical neutrality” (Wertfreiheit) of the social sciences. The first thesis of this paper contends that Weber’s theory of a clash of irreconcilable values and ideals goes back to Nietzsche. According to the second thesis of the article, the general claim of Weber’s philosophy of science is that there is no possibility of an ultimate rational, philosophical, or scientific grounding of values and normative theories. Weber’s endorsement of an ethics of responsibility in the field of politics led to the criticism that he contradicts his postulate of the “ethical neutrality” (Wertfreiheit) of the scientist. The third thesis of the paper claims that Weber’s arguments for a political ethics of responsibility are compatible with his methodological postulate

Divan poetry technological aevice: Astrolabe

Türk şiir geleneği içerisinde divan şiiri ayrı bir merhaledir. Kimi araştırmacılar bu şiiri, sosyal yaşamdan bağımsız hayalî bir şiir olarak tasavvur etmişlerdir. Oysa dikkatli bir incelemeye tabi tutulduğunda böyle bir hüküm vermenin hatalı olacağı aşikârdır. Divan şiirinde, sosyal hayata ait olan her şeyi görmemiz mümkündür. Çalışmamızda, Osmanlı sosyal hayatının düzenlenmesinde etkili bir rol oynayan ilk teleskop sayabileceğimiz usturlabın divan şairine nasıl ilham kaynağı olduğunu, çeşitli unsurlara teşbih ve mecaz konusu yapılan usturlabın divan şiirindeki kullanımını ve yerini belirlemeye çalışacağız.A separate stage in the tradition of poetry in Turkish divan poetry. Some researchers in this poem, regardless of social life have imagined, conceived as a poem. However, when subjected to careful scrutiny is obvious that such a provision would be wrong to give. Ottoman poetry is possible to see everything in social life. In this study, an effective role in the regulation of the Ottoman social life of the poet of the first telescope, how we can inspire the astrolabe is a sofa, a variety of factors, and the use of simile and metaphor in poetry, the astrolabe sofa will try to locate

Aerodynamic preliminary analysis system. Part 2: User's manual and program description

A comprehensive aerodynamic analysis program based on linearized potential theory is described. The solution treats thickness and attitude problems at subsonic and supersonic speeds. Three dimensional configurations with or without jet flaps having multiple nonplanar surfaces of arbitrary planform and open or closed slender bodies or noncircular contour are analyzed. Longitudinal and lateral-directional static and rotary derivative solutions are generated. The analysis is implemented on a time sharing system in conjunction with an input tablet digitizer and an interactive graphics input/output display and editing terminal to maximize its responsiveness to the preliminary analysis problem. Nominal case computation time of 45 CPU seconds on the CDC 175 for a 200 panel simulation indicates the program provides an efficient analysis for systematically performing various aerodynamic configuration tradeoff and evaluation studies

Aerodynamic preliminary analysis system 2. Part 2: User's manual

An aerodynamic analysis system based on potential theory at subsonic and/or supersonic speeds and impact type finite element solutions at hypersonic conditions is described. Three dimensional configurations have multiple nonplanar surfaces of arbitrary planforms and bodies of noncircular contour may be analyzed. Static, rotary, and control longitudinal and lateral-directional characteristics may be generated. The analysis was implemented on a time sharing system in conjunction with an input tablet digitizer and an interactive graphics input/output display and editing terminal to maximize its responsiveness to the preliminary analysis. Computation times on an IBM 3081 are typically less than one minute of CPU/Mach number at subsonic, supersonic, or hypersonic speeds. This is a user manual for the computer programming

Photometric and spectroscopic variations of the Be star HD 112999

Be objects are stars of B spectral type showing lines of the Balmer series in emission. The presence of these lines is attributed to the existence of an extended envelope, disk type, around them. Some stars are observed in both the Be and normal B-type spectroscopic states and they are known as transient Be stars. In this paper we show the analysis carried out on a new possible transient Be star, labelled HD 112999, using spectroscopic optical observations and photometric data.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in IBV