2 research outputs found
Transitioning power distribution grid into nanostructured ecosystem : prosumer-centric sovereignty
PhD ThesisGrowing acceptance for in-house Distributed Energy Resource (DER) installations at lowvoltage
level have gained much significance in recent years due to electricity market liberalisations
and opportunities in reduced energy billings through personalised utilisation
management for targeted business model. In consequence, modelling of passive customers’
electric power system are progressively transitioned into Prosumer-based settings where presidency
for Transactive Energy (TE) system framework is favoured. It amplifies Prosumers’
commitments into annexing TE values during market participations and optimised energy
management to earn larger rebates and incentives from TE programs. However, when dealing
with mass Behind-The-Meter DER administrations, Utility foresee managerial challenges
when dealing with distribution network analysis, planning, protection, and power quality
security based on Prosumers’ flexibility in optimising their energy needs.
This dissertation contributes prepositions into modelling Distributed Energy Resources
Management System (DERMS) as an aggregator designed for Prosumer-centered cooperation,
interoperating TE control and coordination as key parameters to market for both
optimised energy trading and ancillary services in a Community setting. However, Prosumers
are primarily driven to create a profitable business model when modelling their
DERMS aggregator. Greedy-optimisation exploitations are negative concerns when decisions
made resulted in detrimental-uncoordinated outcomes on Demand-Side Response (DSR)
and capacity market engagements. This calls for policy decision makers to contract safe (i.e.
cooperative yet competitive tendency) business models for Prosumers to maximise TE values
while enhancing network’s power quality metrics and reliability performances.
Firstly, digitalisation and nanostructuring of distribution network is suggested to identify
Prosumer as a sole energy citizen while extending bilateral trading between Prosumer-to-
Prosumer (PtP) with the involvements of other grid operators−TE system. Modelling of
Nanogrid environment for DER integrations and establishment of local area network infrastructure
for IoT security (i.e. personal computing solutions and data protection) are committed
for communal engagements in a decentralise setting. Secondly, a multi-layered Distributed
Control Framework (DCF) is proposed using Microsoft Azure cloud-edge platform that cascades energy actors into respective layers of TE control and coordination. Furthermore,
modelling of flexi-edge computing architecture is proposed, comprising of Contract-Oriented
Sensor-based Application Platform (COSAP) employing Multi-Agent System (MAS) to
enhance data-sharing privacy and contract coalition agreements during PtP engagements.
Lastly, the Agents of MAS are programmed with cooperative yet competitive intelligences
attributed to Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Neural Networks (NN) algorithms to solve
multimodal socio-economical and uncertainty problems that corresponded to Prosumers’
dynamic energy priorities within the TE framework. To verify the DERMS aggregator
operations, three business models were proposed (i.e. greedy-profit margin, collegial-peak
demand, reserved-standalone) to analyse comparative technical/physical and economic/social
dimensions. Results showed that the proposed TE-valued DERMS aggregator provides
participation versatility in the electricity market that enables competitive edginess when utilising
Behind-The-Meter DERs in view of Prosumer’s asset scheduling, bidding strategy, and
corroborative ancillary services. Performance metrics were evaluated on both domestic and
industrial NG environments against IEEE Standard 2030.7-2017 & 2030.8-2018 compliances
to ensure deployment practicability.
Subsequently, proposed in-house protection system for DER installation serves as an
add-on monitoring service which can be incorporated into existing Advance Distribution
Management System (ADMS) for Distribution Service Operator (DSO) and field engineers
use, ADMS aggregator. It provides early fault detections and isolation processes from allowing
fault current to propagate upstream causing cascading power quality issues across
the feeder line. In addition, ADMS aggregator also serves as islanding indicator that distinguishes
Nanogrid’s islanding state from unintentional or intentional operations. Therefore, a
Overcurrent Current Relay (OCR) is proposed using Fuzzy Logic (FL) algorithm to detect,
profile, and provide decisional isolation processes using specified OCRs. Moreover, the
proposed expert knowledge in FL is programmed to detect fault crises despite insufficient
fault current level contributed by DER (i.e. solar PV system) which conventional OCR fails
to trigger