Spatial Distribution of the Goldenrod Ball Gall Insects

The goldenrod ball gall fly, Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae), is parasitized by two eurytomid wasps and preyed on by a mordellid beetle, and two bird species. The birds are known to prey most intensively near a forest edge. The proportion of fly larva parasitized and preyed on by insects was examined, and a decline in the proportional abundance of beetle larvae near the forest was noted. The possible role of birds as the selective force for this distribution is considered

Engaging the Public with New Music: The Roles of the Public, the Composer, and the Educator

Concerning new music, when the public knows what to listen for, composers who wish to more directly involve the public with new music remain open to dialogue regarding it, and educators inform and engage the public about it, there is a higher chance of active public acceptance of new music. The tripartite relationship between the public, composers, and educators benefits from open communication and community education, in addition to each participant knowing their responsibility and contribution in the relationship. A history of this relationship since 1900, including a delineation of who and what qualifies as an “educator,” leads into a brief discussion about the future of new music in the community

Marshmallow Catapults

Students are working to create catapults out of popsicle sticks, rubber bands, and spoons to launch mini marshmallows. They are changing variables to see if distance outcomes change. In this lesson students will create a catapult to launch marshmallows. Variables will be changed to determine if outcome is changed.https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/stem_action/1000/thumbnail.jp

38 Nooses: Lincoln, Little Crow, and the Beginning of the Frontier\u27s End

Looking West During the Civil War The largest government execution in American history is not as well-known a story as it should be. The fact that the condemned were Dakota Indians in the Minnesota territory undoubtedly contributes to the historic amnesia. While native historians are fami...

Review of \u3ci\u3eThe Indianization of Lewis and Clark\u3c/i\u3e by William Swagerty

This two-volume work sets out to chronicle and analyze the process of change experienced by the men of the Corps of Discovery as they traveled through the homelands of diverse American Indian cultures on their way to the Pacific and back. Doubtlessly, an undertaking as bold and arduous as the Lewis and Clark expedition altered those who experienced it. One could examine these changes a variety of ways. Here, author William Swagerty focuses on the intersection between Euro- American and Native American cultures-the point at which white men traded aspects of their culture for those of the people they had been meeting. Swagerty, drawing on previous work on transculturization-a process of integrating elements of an outside culture by individuals rather than societies-terms the process Indianization