8,534,344 research outputs found
Performance of a spin-based insulated gate field effect transistor
Fundamental physical properties limiting the performance of spin field effect
transistors are compared to those of ordinary (charge-based) field effect
transistors. Instead of raising and lowering a barrier to current flow these
spin transistors use static spin-selective barriers and gate control of spin
relaxation. The different origins of transistor action lead to distinct size
dependences of the power dissipation in these transistors and permit
sufficiently small spin-based transistors to surpass the performance of
charge-based transistors at room temperature or above. This includes lower
threshold voltages, smaller gate capacitances, reduced gate switching energies
and smaller source-drain leakage currents.Comment: 4 pages including 3 figures, APL in pres
Generating multimedia presentations: from plain text to screenplay
In many Natural Language Generation (NLG) applications, the output is limited to plain text – i.e., a string of words with punctuation and paragraph breaks, but no indications for layout, or pictures, or dialogue. In several projects, we have begun to explore NLG applications in which these extra media are brought into play. This paper gives an informal account of what we have learned. For coherence, we focus on the domain of patient information leaflets, and follow an example in which the same content is expressed first in plain text, then in formatted text, then in text with pictures, and finally in a dialogue script that can be performed by two animated agents. We show how the same meaning can be mapped to realisation patterns in different media, and how the expanded options for expressing meaning are related to the perceived style and tone of the presentation. Throughout, we stress that the extra media are not simple added to plain text, but integrated with it: thus the use of formatting, or pictures, or dialogue, may require radical rewording of the text itself
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