Profil Pertanian Terpadu Lahan Pekarangan Di Kota Padang: Tinjauan Budidaya Pertanian

Pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan termasuk di Kota Padang relatif masih terbatas, sehingga pengembangan berbagai inovasi yang terkait dengan lahan pekarangan belum banyak berkembang. Untuk menentukan profil pertanian lahan pekarangan ditinjau dari aspek budidaya di Kota Padang maka selama bulan Januari 2013 telah dilakukan studi Pemahaman Pedesaan dalam Waktu Singkat (Rapid Rural Appraisal/RRA). Hasil studi menunjukan bahwa ibu rumah tangga yang melaksanakan USAhatani lahan pekarangan terdiri dari berbagai golongan umur dan tingkat pendidikan. Di wilayah berpenduduk cukup padat latar belakang pekerjaan mereka adalah PNS, pegawai swasta dan buruh sedangkan di wilayah berpenduduk agak jarang adalah petani. Lahan pekarangan di wilayah berpenduduk cukup padat berkisar dari 20 m2 (sangat sempit) hingga 100 m2 (sedang). Selanjutnya pada wilayah berpenduduk agak jarang > 170 m2 (luas). Komoditas pertanian yang banyak dijumpai pada wilayah berpenduduk cukup padat antara lain: Cabe Merah, Cabe Rawit, Saledri, Keladi, Mangga, Jeruk Nipis, Jambu, Pepaya, Kunyit, Pandan, Ruku-ruku, dan ayam buras. Sedangkan di wilayah berpenduduk agak jarang dijumpai komoditas, seperti Ubi Kayu, Ubi Jalar, Talas, Rimbang, Cabe Merah, Cabe Rawit, Keladi, Mangga, Jeruk, Jambu Biji, Pepaya, Pisang, Kunyit, Sereh, Ruku-ruku, Kelapa, Pinang, Kakao dan ayam buras. Budidaya pada lahan pekarangan umumnya masih dilakukan secara tradisional sehingga hasilnya belum optimal

Kajian Tingkat Laju Limpasan Permukaan dan Erosi Berdasarkan Pengelolaan Tanaman Pertanian Sistem Agroforestry di DAS CiantenCipancar, Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Peningkatan kawasan budidaya pada suatu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) berimplikasi pada peningkatan laju limpasan dan erosi. Sistem agroforestry dapat menurunkan tingkat erosi melalui pengelolaan tanaman pertanian di bawah tegakan tanaman tahunan Jati putih (Gmelina arborea sp.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat laju limpasan permukaan dan erosi yang terjadi di DAS pada beberapa jenis sistem tanam agroforestry. Di kawasan DAS Cianten-Cipancar terdapat beberapa tanaman yang dibudidaya petani yaitu jagung, kunyit, kacang merah dan cabe rawit lokal. Guna mengkaji tingkat laju limpasan permukaan dan erosi pada kawasan DAS tersebut maka didesain 3 plot percobaan yang melibatkan 4 jenis tanaman hortikultura. Plot 1 menggunakan pola tanam tumpangsari (kunyit, jagung, kacang merah, cabe rawit lokal). Plot 2 menggunakan pola tanam tumpangsari (kunyit, jagung, kacang merah). Plot 3 menggunakan pola tanam monokultur cabe rawit lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limpasan rata-rata pada masing-masing plot (1-3) adalah 0.28 mm, 0.55 mm, 0.94 mm pada tingkat curah hujan rata-rata 21.6 mm. Intensitas hujan pada masing-masing plot (63.4 mm/jam, 51.6 mm/jam, 63.4 mm/jam) menyebabkan terjadinya limpasan dan erosi masing-masing sebesar 0.83 mm, 29.67 kg/ha, 1.59 mm, 275.01 kg/ha, 5.0 mm, 464.78 kg/ha. Erosi rata-rata yang terjadi adalah 9.27 kg/ha (Plot 1), 55.65 kg/ha (Plot 2) dan 101.23 kg/ha (Plot 3). Jumlah kejadian hujan selama penelitian adalah 30 kali dengan total curah hujan 647.11 mm. Curah hujan terkecil sebesar 0.2 mm mengakibatkan limpasan pada Plot 3 sebesar 0.01 mm dan erosi 1.13 kg/ha namun pada Plot 1 dan Plot 2 tidak terjadi limpasan dan erosi

Penetapan Kadar Capsaicin Beberapa Jenis Cabe (Capsicum SP) Di Indonesia

Capsaicin – the major active principle in chillies is an alkaloid, which cause the ‘hot' sensation when contact with the skin and muscous membrane. At least twenty varieties of consumable chillies known in Indonesia, and each of them has different degree of ‘hotness'. This degree of ‘hotness' was though due to capsaicin content in chillies. The study was carried out to chemically quantitate the capsaicin content of sixteen varieties of Indonesian chillies. Capsaicin was extracted from the dried chillies powder. The organic extract was analyzed by Thin layer Chromatography with silica gel F 254 as supportive medium and diethyl either as mobile phase. The determination of capsaicin was conducted spectrophotometrically with Gibb's reagent as color developer. The capsaicin content of the examined chillies varieties ranged from 0,07 – 1,60 %, with the highest content was found in Rawit Kalimantan. The organoleptic between the capsaicin content of chillies send the Scoville Heat Units

Pengaruh Cabe Rawit Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologik Lambung Tikus Wistar Yang Diinduksi Aspirin

: Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frustescens L ) is commonly in daily food. This study aimed to determine the effect of cayenne pepper to histopathological changes in gaster of Wistar rats induced by aspirin. This was an experimental study. Subjects were Wistar rats consisted of 5 rats as the negative control and 20 rats as the treatment group. Group A, the negative control group, was untreated; group B was treated with aspirin 21mg/day for 10 days; group C was treated with aspirin 21mg/day for 10 days together with cayenne pepper 84mg once daily; group D was treated with aspirin 21mg/day for 10 days followed by cayenne 84mg twice daily; and group E was treated with aspirin 21mg/day for 10 days and then was untreated for 3 days. The histopathological changes in group C showed a lot of inflammatory cells and erosion of gastric mucosa epithelium compared to group B, D, and E. Group D also showed inflammatory cells but no erosion as in group C. Group E had less inflammatory cells than group B, C, and D. Conclusion: Administration of aspirin 21mg/kg BW for 10 days led to acute gastritis in Wistar rat. Administration of aspirin together with cayenne 84mg/day led to acute gastritis and erosion of gastric mucosa epithelium. However, administration of cayenne pepper 168mg/day after aspirin led to acute gastritis without erosio

Produksi Tanaman Cabe Rawit (Capsicum Frutescent L.) Di Tanah Ultisol Menggunakan Bokashi Sampah Organik Rumah Tangga Dan Npk

Research on the production of chilli in utisol soil using organic household waste bokashi and NPK was conducted in Banjarbaru from February to June 2015. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments. The treatments were (P1) 100% NPK, (P2) 100% NPK + bokashi, (P3) 75% NPK + bokashi, (P4) 50% NPK + bokashi, (P5) 25% NPK + bokashi, (P6) 100% bokashi. 100% NPK and 100% bokashi were 250 kg ha-1 NPK and 10 t ha-1 bokashi respectively. The result showed that the aplication of treatments gave affected to height increase, number of nodes, first day of appearing flower, biomass, fruit number and weight of fresh fruit The combination of 75% NPK and organic household waste bokashi can be recomended as the best doses for production of chilli. Organic household waste bokashi can contribute to reduce 25% of NPK aplication on the production of chili

Dampak Impor Cabai Dari Tiongkok Terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia Tahun 2010-2015

This research is a study of International relations in the field of International political economy. This research will discuss the impact of Chili imports from China in the Indonesian economy 2010-2015. Indonesia imports Chili pepper from China to meet the high market demand. This needs to be done so that the market price of Chili is not too high so people can afford it. Chili imports by Indonesia in large quantities have caused new problems. Chili farmers in Indonesia suffered losses due to the low price of Chilies they produce.In discussing the impact of Chili imports from China on the Indonesian economy in 2010-2015 the authors use a qualitative research methodology with data collection techniques library research (library research) derived from the sources of literature books, journal publications and various scientific articles. The perspective used is mercantilism. The level of analysis used is the Nation-State. Theory used is Import-Export Theory.The results of this research indicate that imported chilli made by Indonesia is an important action. However, in importing Indonesia should still pay attention to the amount of Chili to be imported. This needs to be done so that local Chili produced by Indonesian farmers is not cheap in the market. The government must strictly monitor the number of Chili import quotas from China. The Indonesian government should oversee private importers who often import more than their intended quota