Collusion and Commitment in Bank Bailout

Collusion and soft budget constraint are two conspicuous phenomena in transition economies¡¯ banking system. Literature has separately investigated those two phenomena from theoretical point of views. However, the cross-point of both phenomena has been neglected in the research of banking regulation. The present paper addresses this issue in a simple model of two-period contract with termination at the end of the first period. By comparing the two hierarchies -- ¡°bank-firm¡± and ¡°government-bank-firm¡±, we show that the government¡¯s non-commitment and banking bailout cause inefficiency in the contact relationship. Moreover, after introducing collusion possibility, non-commitment of the government increases the stakes, or bribes, which the collusive bank can extract, and makes it more costly for the government to implement this contract. However, taking into account the fact that the bank is collusive, the government who aims to prevent collusion will switch to the other equilibrium where she sticks to her commitment and excludes collusion from the contract relationship. Here, collusion plays a role as a hardening budget constraint device. Some policy implications are suggested at the end.soft budget constraint, collusion, moral hazard, commitment, transition, centralized economy.

Pengaruh Hubungan Partisipasi Anggaran terhadap Kinerja Manajerial dengan Komitmen Organisasi sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Empiris pada Manulife Financial Indonesia).

This research was conducted to find out the influence of managerial performance against budget participation, the influence of participation in managerial performance increase budget through organizational commitment, the influence of organizational commitment on performance of managerial, as well as to know the influence of the participation of the budget and organizational commitment affect managerial performance on PT Asuransi Jiwa Manulife Indonesia or Manulife Financial simultaneouslyIn collecting research data using the intrument research. Intrument research made by the researchers tested the validity and reabilitasnya. Instrument can be kuestionerresearch, observation and interview. The data collected was analyzed further by using statistical analysis of deskriftif and inferensial statistical analysis of Researchers using inferensial because research conducted on random samples taken from a population.The results of hypothesis testing of research it can be concluded that the partial Participation in budget, a budget with participation of organizational commitment as avariable interveningnya, influential organization significant positive Commitment towards managerial performance at manulife financial. Simultaneously, participation and commitment of the Organization's budget a significant positive effect on performance in managerial Manulife Financial with proven significant values 0.000 is uji_F α <

Pengaruh Partisipasi Anggaran, Ketepatan Anggaran terhadap Senjangan Anggaran dengan Komitmen Organisasi sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Jayapura)

The purpose of this research is to understand the influence of the participation and the budget acuracy against budget gap with a current commitment of organization as moderation variables. This kind of research is quantitative research by the use of the primary data. The research population is civil servants of SKPD in Jayapura regency. The amount of sample was 105. Method used in the study was moderated regression analysis. The results of this study found that the budgeting participation has a positive and significant impact on budget gap, while the budget accuracy can not have positive and significant impact on budget gap. Organization commitment as moderate variable cannot moderating budgeting participation and the budget accuracy to budget gap in Jayapura regency. Keywords: Budget participation, budget accuracy, budget gap, organization commitment

Pengaruh Kejelasan Sasaran Anggaran Dan Penekanan Anggaran Terhadap Senjangan Anggaran Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Empiris Pada Skpd Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu)

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of goal clarity budget and emphasis budgets on budgetary slack with the organizational commitment as a moderating variable. This research data was obtained from the questionnaires which was distributed to all SKPD Indragiri Hulu with purposive sampling method.This study population was departments, agencies, and local government offices in district the indragiri hulu. The sample used in this study were 92 respondents. The method of analysis used for testing the hypothesis is simple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS software version 20.0. Based on the results of hypothesis testing found that budget goal clarity significant effect on budgetary slack. Emphasis budget significant effect on budgetary slack. While the organizational commitment can moderate the effect of budget goal clarity on budgetary slack. Organizational commitment can also moderate the effect of emphasis budget on budgetary slack. Where the effect of budget goal clarity against budgetary slack shows coefficients ß1 negative for 0,774 with a significance of 0,000 < 0,05. The influence of the budget emphasis on budgetary slack shows coefficients ß2 negative for 0,627 with a significance of 0,000 < 0,05. While it, organizational commitment can moderate the effect of budget goal clarity on budgetary slack shows coefficients ß3 positive for 0.059 with a significance of 0,004 < 0,05. And organizational commitment can moderate the effect of the budget emphasis on budgetary slack shows coefficients ß4 positive for 0.039 with a significance of 0,001 < 0,05

PENGARUH PARTISIPASI ANGGARAN DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL PADA BPKAD DKI JAKARTA

DESY PUSPITASARI. EFFECT OF PARTICIPATION BUDGET AND ORGANIZATION COMMITMENT TO THE PERFORMANCE OF MANAGERIAL BPKAD DKI JAKARTA. Thesis. Faculty Of Economics. State University Of Jakarta. 2015 This study aimed to examine the effect of which is on budget participation and commitment to the Organization of Managerial Performance BPKAD DKI Jakarta. The method used is survey method in accordance with the objectives to be achieved. The data carried by the primary data correlation approach that connects the independent variable (X) and the dependent variable (Y) obtained from employees BPKAD DKI Jakarta. The independent variable (X) Participation Budget measured by a questionnaire of indicators Milani and Organizational Commitment is measured by a questionnaire with indicators of loyalty, engagement and confidence, and the dependent variable (Y) Managerial Performance is measured using indicators koesioner Mahoney. The sampling technique used in the study by random sampling. With a population of DKI Jakarta affordable Employees BPKAD related to the budget which is 36 people and the samples used by the formula slovin is 33 respondents. The regression equation in this study is Y = 46 450 + 0,523X_1 + 0,268X_2 analysis showed that the Budget Participation positive and significant impact where Thitung Participation budget of 2.178> 2.021 Ttabel and Organizational Commitment significant positive effect 2,159> 2,021. In silmultan, influences that occur between the Budget and Organizational Commitment Participation collectively sams significant effect on Managerial Performance on BPKAD DKI Jakarta. Participation capabilities Describe Budget and Organizational Commitment Managerial performance of 32.1

Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Lingkungan Kerja pada Komitmen Organisasi dan Implikasinya pada Kinerja Pengelola Anggaran (Studi Empiris pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Pemerintah Kabupaten Tabanan)

The Impact of the Influence of Compensation, Work Environment on Organizational Commitment and Its Implications on the Performance of the Budget Managers. Periodic evaluation of the performance of budget managers in the public sector must be done to carry out consistently the principles of local financial management. This study was depeloved to obtain empirical evidence of the influence of compensation, work environment on organizational commitment and its implications on the performance of the budget managers. The study was conducted in 41 Regional Work Units (SKPD) in the Government Administration of Tabanan Regency. The number of respondents was 221 budget managers, chosen by Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling method. The analyzed data was primary data, using Path Analysis. Hypothesis testing results indicate that there were positive effects of compensation, work environment and organizational commitment on the performance of the budget managers. Furthermore, there were positive effects of compensation and work environment on the performance of the budget managers through organizational commitment

Pengaruh Partisipasi Penyusunan Anggaran Terhadap Kinerja Aparat Pemerintah Dengan Kepuasan Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi (Studi Empiris Pada Dinas Di Lingkungan Pemerintah Daerah Kota Palu)

This study is aimed to explore and analyze: 1) budget drafting participation, government officials\u27 performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in Palu governmental offices; 2) the effect of budget drafting participation on officials\u27 performance; 3) whether job satisfaction moderates the influence of budget drafting participation on officials\u27 performance; 4) whether organizational commitment moderates budget drafting participation on officials\u27 performance. The population consists of 1036 people with 91 samples selected, including heads of office, secretaries, and head sections. The result shows that: 1) budget drafting participation has significant effects on officials\u27 performance in Palu governmental offices; 2) job satisfaction moderates the effects of budget drafting participation on officials\u27 performance significantly; 3) organizational commitment moderates the effects of budget drafting participation on officials\u27 performance in Palu governmental office

Pengaruh Partisipasi dalam Penyusunan Anggaran, Kejelasan Sasaran Anggaran dan Komitmen Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Managerial dengan Pengawasan Internal sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi (Studi pada Pemerintah Kabupaten Bungo)

The purpose of this study was to determine participation in budgeting, goal clarity and organizational commitment affect either partially or simultaneously to managerial performance SKPD, and to investigate the internal control will moderate the influence of budget participation, budget goal clarity and commitment to managerial performance SKPD, This research is descriptive kuantitatif.dan research sites are Bungo By taking 56 respondents from 60 SKPD. On the hypothesis of the test equipment is for partial t test and F test to test the effect simultaneously, while for hypothesis testing to see the effect of moderating two variables used analysis absolute difference. The study states that simultaneously all independent variables affect the performance of managerial and partially only research budget goal clarity has no effect on managerial performance SKPD, and participation in budgeting and organizational commitment influence managerial performance SKPD. Internal supervision may moderate the effects of participation in the budget, the budget clarity and organizational commitment to managerial performance SKPD

Understanding the Soft Budget Constraint

We propose a clarification of the notion of a soft budget constraint, a concept widely used in the analysis of socialist, transitional, and market economies. Our interpretation is broad enough to embrace most existing approaches to soft budget constraint phenomena and provides a classification of their causes and consequences. In light of this interpretation, we then review the theoretical literature on the subject and compare it with those on other dynamic commitment problems in economics.

PENGARUH PARTISIPASI PENYUSUNAN ANGGARAN TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL DENGAN VARIABEL PEMODERASI GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PADA PEMKAB LAMONGAN

The relationship between budget participation and managerial performance represent research area which experiencing of many debates. The debate draw enthusiasm to do conduct research return with different samples. The early multiply to research into relation between budget participation and managerial performance has been inconclusive and oftentimes contradictory inconsistent show possibility is existence of contingency variables influencing relation between budget participation and managerial performance. This study empirically examined the relationship between budget participation and managerial performance using contingency approach two contingent variables were investigated, namely leadership style and organizational commitment. Questioners were distributed to 55 managers from PEMKAB Lamongan. The responses from 44 (80%) were analyzed by using simple regression and analyzed with residual approach. The result of this research indicated that relationship budget participation have not an effect on positive significant to managerial performance. The relationship between budget participation with contingency approach (leadership style and organizational commitment) to managerial performance is not significant. This matter indicated that according to both contingency variables the relationship between budget participation and managerial persformance is not represent according to best at PEMKAB Lamongan. Keywords: Budget participation, managerial performance, leadership style, organizational commitment. PENDAHULUA