How to solve Fokker-Planck equation treating mixed eigenvalue spectrum?

An analogy of the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) with the Schr\"odinger equation allows us to use quantum mechanics technique to find the analytical solution of the FPE in a number of cases. However, previous studies have been limited to the Schr\"odinger potential with a discrete eigenvalue spectrum. Here, we will show how this approach can be also applied to a mixed eigenvalue spectrum with bounded and free states. We solve the FPE with boundaries located at x=\pm L/2 and take the limit L\rightarrow\infty, considering the examples with constant Schr\"{o}dinger potential and with P\"{o}schl-Teller potential. An oversimplified approach was proposed earlier by M.T. Araujo and E. Drigo Filho. A detailed investigation of the two examples shows that the correct solution, obtained in this paper, is consistent with the expected Fokker-Planck dynamics.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

The magnitude of the macroeconomic impact of oil price: the case of BRICS

This paper aims to investigate the importance of the macroeconomic impact of oil prices variations on Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). The topic was selected due to the significance of those leading emerging economies in global markets and to the determining role of oil in the current economy of the BRICS. The research was built upon on the Granger causality test, the impulse response function and the Cholesky variance decomposition by fitting both linear and non-linear multivariate vector autoregression (VAR) models. The model includes oil price inflation and consumer price inflation, interest rates, unemployment rates, exchange rates, imports and exports, and total industrial production. The results showed a significant impact of oil prices on the BRICS economies mainly in terms of total industrial production, exports and imports, and evidence of asymmetry was found. The remaining outcomes showed different results depending on whether the country is oil-exporting or oil-importing

Just another BRIC in the wall? The rise of BRICs and educating tomorrow's global managers

The BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) comprise 40 percent of the world’s population (approximately 2.8 billion people), cover more than a quarter of the world’s land area over three continents, and account for more than 25 percent of global GDP (by purchasing power parity). In the ten years since the term BRICs was first coined by Jim O‘Neill, chief economist of the investment bank Goldman Sachs, all economies (except Brazil) have exceeded their predicted growth rates. Integration into the global economy coupled with rising spending power prompts flows of students (and expatriates) to, and from, the BRICs—positioning international business educators at the helm of this sea-change. In this article, we reflect on the implications of the rise of the BRICs for educating the next generation of business managers and leaders. We argue that rather than just another “brick in the wall,” educating tomorrow’s managers requires adoption of a global mindset by international business educators. This enables them to build on, or indeed begin to dismantle, existing theoretical and pedagogical foundations, brick by brick