Strengthening Your Hip Muscles: Some Exercises May Be Better Than Others

Weak hip muscles lead to poor hip motion, and poor hip motion can cause knee, hip, and back pain. Strengthening hip muscles that control how hips move may reduce pain in these parts of the body. This undergraduate research project compared hip abductor muscle activity during selected exercises using electromyography in order to determine which exercises are best for activating the gluteus medius and the superior portion of the gluteus maximus, while minimizing activity of the tensor fascia lata. Participants in this study included nine healthy female soccer players between the ages of 18 and 21. Using an electromyogram (EMG), the muscle activity of the nine subjects was recorded during the following 11 exercises: hip abduction in sidelying, clam with elastic resistance around thighs, bilateral bridge, unilateral bridge, hip extension in quadruped on elbows with knee extending, hip extension in quadruped on elbows with knee flexed, forward lunge with erect trunk, squat, sidestep with elastic resistance in a squatted position, hip hike, and forward step-up. At this time, data collection and analysis continues; however, it is hypothesized that both gluteal muscles were significantly more active than the TFL in unilateral and bilateral bridging, quadruped hip extension, the clam, sidestepping, and squatting

Activation of the <i>gluteus maximus</i> during performance of the back squat, split squat and barbell hip thrust and the relationship with maximal sprinting

The purpose of this research was to compare muscle activation of the gluteus maximus and ground reaction force between the barbell hip thrust, back squat, and split squat and to determine the relationship between these outcomes and vertical and horizontal forces during maximal sprinting. Twelve male team sport athletes (age 25.0 ± 4.0 years, stature 184.1 ± 6.0 cm, body mass 82.2 ± 7.9 kg) performed separate movements of the three strength exercises at a load equivalent to their individual three repetition maximum. The ground reaction force was measured using force plates and the electromyography (EMG) activity of the upper and lower gluteus maximus was recorded in each leg and expressed as percentage of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Participants then completed a single sprint on a non-motorized treadmill for the assessment of maximal velocity, horizontal and vertical forces. Although ground reaction force was lower, peak EMG activity in the gluteus maximus was higher in the hip thrust than the back squat (p = 0.024; 95%CI = 4 – 56%MVIC) and split squat (p = 0.016; 95%CI = 6 – 58%MVIC). Peak sprint velocity was correlated with both anterior-posterior horizontal force (r = 0.72) and peak ground reaction force during the barbell hip thrust (r = 0.69) but no other variables. The increased activation of gluteus maximus during the barbell hip thrust and the relationship with maximal running speed suggests that this movement may be optimal for training this muscle group in comparison to the back squat and split squat

ANALISIS PENYEBAB KETEGANGAN HUBUNGAN BILATERAL ANTARA IRAN DAN AZERBAIJAN DI TAHUN 2021-2022

Iran and Azerbaijan are countries that have quite good bilateral relations for almost 30 years since 1992. However, there has been an increase in tension between Iran and Azerbaijan at the beginning of 2021 where relations between the two countries have been involving the military until 2022. This research aims to analyze factors which triggered increasing tensions in the midst of bilateral relations between Iran and Azerbaijan is already quite well connected. This research uses a method approach explanatory qualitative which aims to provide an explanation regarding What (what?) The reason why bilateral relations between Iran and Azerbaijan experienced an increase in tension 2021-2022. Iran conducted its first military drills on the Iran-Azerbaijan border as a rationale for protecting national sovereignty and Iran's response to the conflict Nagorno-Karabakh occurred in 2020, but Azerbaijan had another response against military exercises conducted by Iran. This research uses theory Securitization in analyzing the causes of increasing tension between Iran and Azerbaijan behind Iran's military exercises on the borde

Modeling the International-Trade Network: A Gravity Approach

This paper investigates whether the gravity model (GM) can explain the statistical properties of the International Trade Network (ITN). We fit data on international-trade flows with a GM specification using alternative fitting techniques and we employ GM estimates to build a weighted predicted ITN, whose topological properties are compared to observed ones. Furthermore, we propose an estimation strategy to predict the binary ITN with a GM. We find that the GM successfully replicates the weighted-network structure of the ITN, only if one fixes its binary architecture equal to the observed one. Conversely, the GM performs very badly when asked to predict the presence of a link, or the level of the trade flow it carries, whenever the binary structure must be simultaneously estimated

Manufacturing partners: Japan-South Korea security cooperation and Australia&#039;s potential role

This paper identifies how Australia fits into Japan–South Korea cooperation, the merits and pitfalls of trilateral security cooperation, and whether it’s in Australia’s interests to pursue such an initiative. Summary In Asia, Australia has no closer strategic and ideological partners than Japan and South Korea. Our similar strategic outlooks, economic ties, alliances with the US and liberal democratic values make us highly compatible partners. But while Australia’s bilateral relations are trending upwards, the Japan–ROK relationship has been spiralling downwards. Problems in Japan–ROK relations are nothing new, but since two bilateral military accords fell through in mid-2012 the relationship has deteriorated to its lowest point in decades. It’s becoming apparent that the two countries could benefit from outside intervention to facilitate deeper cooperation. Australia is emerging as a potentially effective facilitator of Japan–ROK security cooperation. Australia could ‘manufacture’ a closer security partnership between the two and achieve multiple strategic objectives through trilateral security cooperation. This paper identifies how Australia fits into Japan–ROK cooperation, the merits and pitfalls of trilateral security cooperation, and whether it’s in Australia’s interests to pursue such an initiative. It draws on over thirty interviews with Japanese, South Korean and Australian specialists, media coverage, alliance theory, and academic analysis to provide recommendations to the government on how Australia can take a more proactive role in developing relations with and between Tokyo and Seoul and tackling regional security challenges

Identifying the community structure of the international food-trade multi network

Achieving international food security requires improved understanding of how international trade networks connect countries around the world through the import-export flows of food commodities. The properties of food trade networks are still poorly documented, especially from a multi-network perspective. In particular, nothing is known about the community structure of food networks, which is key to understanding how major disruptions or 'shocks' would impact the global food system. Here we find that the individual layers of this network have densely connected trading groups, a consistent characteristic over the period 2001 to 2011. We also fit econometric models to identify social, economic and geographic factors explaining the probability that any two countries are co-present in the same community. Our estimates indicate that the probability of country pairs belonging to the same food trade community depends more on geopolitical and economic factors -- such as geographical proximity and trade agreements co-membership -- than on country economic size and/or income. This is in sharp contrast with what we know about bilateral-trade determinants and suggests that food country communities behave in ways that can be very different from their non-food counterparts.Comment: 47 pages, 19 figure

Therapeutic ultrasound as an aid in tibial fracture management in a dog

A six-year-old, male, neutered Bernese mountain dog was presented with acute left hind limb lameness. Based on the symptoms, orthopedic examination and radiographic evaluation, a cranial cruciate ligament rupture was diagnosed. Surgical treatment with TTA Rapid was performed with good result. At two weeks postoperatively, the dog developed a fracture of the proximal tibia, due to excessive activity. Conservative treatment consisting of a splint and rest was advised. Physiotherapeutic ultrasonography and exercises were started to stimulate bone healing. After eight sessions, the dog was clinically much better, and radiographs showed a good evolution with a clear callus. Follow-up controls confirmed the progressive evolution

Facing west, facing north: Canada and Australia in East Asia

This report, published by the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) and the Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), calls for Canada and Australia to deepen their regional security cooperation in East Asia. The risk of regional instability is growing, due to China’s re-emergence, continued speculation about US strategic engagement in Asia and increased competition over disputed maritime boundaries. These developments provide opportunities for collaboration between countries like Canada and Australia. Non-traditional security threats, including natural disasters, climate change, food security and cyber security, point to a range of areas where the two countries can work more closely together. The report contains several policy recommendations for Canada and Australia to: strengthen regional security bolster regional governance mechanisms enhance bilateral defence cooperation boost defence industry and economic cooperation