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The drill down
textThe town of Millerton, Pa., has always been a small, rural farming community. Settled atop of the famed Marcellus Shale in the foothills of the Appalachians, there have always been rumors of natural gas in the hills around town. In 2008, natural gas companies arrived and began drilling. For a select few lucky enough to have property around the gas wells, their arrival means big money. But not all residents will get so lucky. For many folks in Millerton, the arrival of the gas companies means more traffic, more pollution, more crime and more inconvenience without a monthly royalty check to buffer the pain. The sheer amount of natural gas scientists predict is in the Marcellus Shale will forever change how the U.S. and the rest of the world use energy. Politicians tout it as liberation from foreign oil. Scientists see it as an alternative to âdirtyâ coal. For this small town, natural gas means change. The money the natural gas companies are pumping into this local economy will change the lives of the townsfolk- and the town itself- forever.Journalis
Processed foods and the nutrition transition: evidence from Asia
This paper elucidates the role of processed foods and beverages in the ânutrition
transitionâ underway in Asia. Processed foods tend to be high in nutrients associated
with obesity and diet-related non-communicable diseases: refined sugar,
salt, saturated and trans-fats. This paper identifies the most significant âproduct
vectorsâ for these nutrients and describes changes in their consumption in a
selection of Asian countries. Sugar, salt and fat consumption from processed foods
has plateaued in high-income countries, but has rapidly increased in the lowerâ
middle and upperâmiddle-income countries. Relative to sugar and salt, fat consumption
in the upperâmiddle- and lowerâmiddle-income countries is converging
most rapidly with that of high-income countries. Carbonated soft drinks, baked
goods, and oils and fats are the most significant vectors for sugar, salt and fat
respectively. At the regional level there appears to be convergence in consumption
patterns of processed foods, but country-level divergences including high levels of
consumption of oils and fats in Malaysia, and soft drinks in the Philippines and
Thailand. This analysis suggests that more action is needed by policy-makers to
prevent or mitigate processed food consumption. Comprehensive policy and
regulatory approaches are most likely to be effective in achieving these goals
Real readers, real writers and a home-grown experience
As with many good innovations, it began with a real and pressing problem. We wanted the students at St Ninians Primary, a large city school for children aged 5-12 years, to develop a sense of audience for their writing. In Scotland, story writing is commonly taught using story frames and planning sheets that ask students to identify the characters, the setting, the initiating problem/event and the resolution. Despite this support, students often omit important details and find it hard to 'decentre' and consider their writing from the reader's perspective. This is a vital part of becoming an author: "A sense of authorship comes from the struggle to put something big and vital into print, and from seeing one's own printed words reach the heats and minds of readers." (Calkins, 1986
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