Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in adults and children

Different neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adults and children and their impact have not been well characterized. We aimed to determine the prevalence of neurological manifestations and in-hospital complications among hospitalized COVID-19 patients and ascertain differences between adults and children. We conducted a prospective multicentre observational study using the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) cohort across 1507 sites worldwide from 30 January 2020 to 25 May 2021. Analyses of neurological manifestations and neurological complications considered unadjusted prevalence estimates for predefined patient subgroups, and adjusted estimates as a function of patient age and time of hospitalization using generalized linear models. Overall, 161 239 patients (158 267 adults; 2972 children) hospitalized with COVID-19 and assessed for neurological manifestations and complications were included. In adults and children, the most frequent neurological manifestations at admission were fatigue (adults: 37.4%; children: 20.4%), altered consciousness (20.9%; 6.8%), myalgia (16.9%; 7.6%), dysgeusia (7.4%; 1.9%), anosmia (6.0%; 2.2%) and seizure (1.1%; 5.2%). In adults, the most frequent in-hospital neurological complications were stroke (1.5%), seizure (1%) and CNS infection (0.2%). Each occurred more frequently in intensive care unit (ICU) than in non-ICU patients. In children, seizure was the only neurological complication to occur more frequently in ICU versus non-ICU (7.1% versus 2.3%, P < 0.001). Stroke prevalence increased with increasing age, while CNS infection and seizure steadily decreased with age. There was a dramatic decrease in stroke over time during the pandemic. Hypertension, chronic neurological disease and the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were associated with increased risk of stroke. Altered consciousness was associated with CNS infection, seizure and stroke. All in-hospital neurological complications were associated with increased odds of death. The likelihood of death rose with increasing age, especially after 25 years of age. In conclusion, adults and children have different neurological manifestations and in-hospital complications associated with COVID-19. Stroke risk increased with increasing age, while CNS infection and seizure risk decreased with age

Granulomatory Mastitis: A histological benign lesion with a malignant Radioclinical profile: About 3 Cases

Granulomatous mastitis is characterized by an inflammatory lesion of the breast lobules without caseous necrosis and without microorganisms. It has a probable immunological origin by analogy to thyroiditis or granulomatous orchitis. Frequently the lesion presents itself in a clinical and mammographic form raising suspicion of a malignancy. We report 3 observations of granulomatous mastitis confirmed histologically whose clinical and radiological presentations clearly pointed towards malignancy. This lesion constituted in our three cases an example of radio-clinical and histological discrepancy.</jats:p

A rare case of ovarian Actinomycosis in an 8-year-old girl. A case reports

Anaerobic, nonsporulating, Gram-positive bacteria groups called actinomyces organisms are responsible for the so called actinomycosis. This chronic disease is rare in children and has tendency to mimic many other diseases. It also has wide variety of manifestations and non-specific symptoms. As a result, it is difficult to diagnose before the biopsy and microscopic examination. Although infection may involve any organ in the body, the significant sites of actinomyces infection include cervicofacial, abdominal, pelvic and pulmonary tissues. Case report: Here, we describe one case of unusual presentation; an 8-year-old girl with an ovarian mass which was finally diagnosed actinomycosis based on the pathological findings. Conclusions: Actinomycosis may rarely present with ovarian mass in young girls. Keywords: Actinomyces, Ovarian actinomycosis, Child, Microscopic Examination.</jats:p

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF VEGETABLE SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERR.)

The soybean is an amazingly versatile crop, it is one of the most economically important leguminous crops, ranking first among them in the world in terms of cultivated areas. Edamame is a specialty soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) harvested as a vegetable when the seeds are immature (R6 and R7 stage) and have expanded to fill 80 to 90 percent of the pod width. Vegetable soybean is as nutritious as other soybean products, and a good source of protein, vitamins A, K and E, dietary fibres and ascorbic acid and its characteristic flavour is widely appreciated in Asia. Morphologically, edamame pods should have white pubescence, preferably sparse and soft; the hilum should be light brown or gray; the pods must have two or three seeds; most pods should be at least 5 cm long; days to R6 range from 77 to 93 days after sowing; 100-seeds weight of vegetable soybeans (230 g – 250 g); the pods should be completely green, with no hint of yellowing. The consumption of edamame can also really contribute to reducing nutritional deficiencies in people, through its great nutritional content and good health benefits. The variety of vegetable soybean varieties is significant in China, but not enough in other countries, they can vary in height and early maturity. Therefore, it is very important know which varieties are suitable for cultivation in different regions of Russia, what their vegetation period, nutritional value and productivity.</jats:p

Predictive factors of Uterine Rupture

Objectives: To assess the frequency and predictive factors of uterine rupture on no-scar uterus and on scarred uterus in an intermediate level health hospital in Dakar. Method of study: This retrospective was carried out by the Philippe Maguilen Senghor Health Center in Yoff (Dakar) during the period from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2017. It included all the women who gave birth there'' a single pregnancy after 22 weeks of amenorrhea with a longitudinal fetal presentation or admitted after childbirth. We had studied socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors for uterine rupture. The extracted data was analyzed first on Microsoft Excel 2016 and then on EPI info. Results: Over 7 years, 29,332 deliveries of single pregnancies were recorded in our structure with 54 uterine ruptures, and a frequency of 0.18%. Induction of labor was spontaneous in 47 of the patients who presented with uterine rupture; labor was artificially induced in only 7 patients, with frequencies of 0.17% and 0.36% of all uterine ruptures, respectively. Considering the risk factors of uterine rupture, 5 parameters were discriminating: multiparity (p&lt;0.0001), transfer from another health facility for admission (p&lt;0.0001), type of fetal presentation (p=0.0001), the presence of a uterine scar (p&lt;0.0001) and the age class (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion: The rate of uterine rupture in our structure is certainly low but should call for more vigilance during labor with a focus on evacuated patients who have started their work in another structure, patients with a uterine scar and multiparous. Childbirth on a scar uterus is a reasonable option after eliminating a potential cause of obstructed labor. Keywords: Ruptured uterus; Scar uterus; Risk factors</jats:p

A 14 years old woman with a giant mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary

The diagnosis of ovarian tumor in pediatrics is often difficult and delayed due to unspecific call signs and polymorphic imaging presentations. These tumors are rare, estimated in children at around 2.6 / 100,000 girls per year, functional lesions being excluded. Ten to 20% of them are malignant [1-2] and represent 3% of cancers in girls under the age of 15 [3]. The World Health Organization classifies these tumors into three main groups based on whether they are derived from the surface epithelium, germline cells or ovarian stroma or sex cords. Primary or secondary locations are possible in leukemias and lymphomas [4-5]. Giant ovarian cystadenocarcinomas are rarely described. The huge ovarian masses are mostly benign, but the malignancy should be ruled out by pathology exams. Giant cysts require resection by laparotomy because of compression symptoms or the risk of malignancy, but also to prevent perforation and spillage of cystic fluid into the peritoneal cavity [6]. Here we report an observation made in a 14-year-old girl who was diagnosed with a large ovarian tumor and who was found to be a malignant tumor on pathology with papillary-type mucinous cystadenocarcinoma.</jats:p