Ethnicity, gender and household effects on becoming NEET: an intersectional analysis

Surprisingly little attention has been given to an integrated understanding of the interaction between ethnicity, gender and parental household’s employment status affecting young people’s educational and labour market outcomes. Drawing on data from Understanding Society, the article compares youth probabilities of becoming NEET (not in employment, education or training) in the UK, focusing on the outcomes for young men and women from different ethnic groups and from four types of ‘households of origin’: workless, one-earner, single-parent-earner and two-earner. The article shows that while, on average, young people with workless parents have a higher likelihood of becoming NEET compared to individuals from households with at least one employed parent, this does not apply universally to all ethnic minority groups, nor equally to young men and women. Having workless parents is much less detrimental for second-generation Indian and African men, and for second-generation Bangladeshi men and women, than for white British individuals. An intersectional analysis illustrates the universal and differentiated effects of disadvantage among youth

The ethnic concentration of a neighbourhood has varying effects on employment prospects for men and women across different ethnicities

There are longstanding debates about whether neighbourhood segregation of ethnic minorities promotes minorities’ economic success or whether it constrain opportunities. Here, Carolina V. Zuccotti and Lucinda Platt show that growing up in a neighbourhood with a higher proportion of those from the same ethnic group as you can have both positive and negative consequences: these play out differently for men and women and for groups with different levels of resource

Un ricordo di Franco Gnoli

AbstractThis essay is a nostalgic memory of moments spent together with Franco Gnoli at the University of Milan

La segregación étnica en Inglaterra a través del tiempo (2001-2011): un estudio comparativo de ocho áreas habitacionales

Using a combination of segregation indices – calculated with aggregated census data obtained for small geographies (lower layer super output areas, LSOAs) – the paper shows levels and changes in spatial segregation in eight housing market areas (HMAs) in England between 2001 and 2011, for the six most numerous non-white ethnic minority groups (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Chinese, Caribbean, and African). The double comparison between HMAs and between groups, together with the use of different measures of segregation, enables identifying different patterns of segregation, as well as ‘ethnic’ and ‘context’ configurations. Specifically, while some segregation patterns are distinctive to certain ethnic minority groups independently of their location, others are specific to some or most groups residing in certain contexts. As examples of the first, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis’ segregation levels are often the highest, independently of their HMA of residence; and also seem to be following specific (and contrasting) patterns of change over time. As regards context configurations, Birmingham appears as a favourable context for changes in spatial segregation, while the opposite is observed for Leicester and Bradford.A partir del análisis de índices de segregación espacial—calculados a partir de datos censales agregados obtenidos para pequeñas áreas geográficas (lower layer super output areas, LSOAs)—el estudio muestra niveles y cambios en la segregación espacial (2001-2011) de las principales minorías étnicas en Inglaterra (indios, pakistaníes, bangladesíes, chinos, caribeños y africanos), para ocho áreas habitacionales (HMA). La doble comparación entre HMA y entre grupos, junto con el uso de variados índices de segregación, permite identificar diferentes patrones de segregación espacial, así como dinámicas ‘étnicas’ y ‘de contexto’. Específicamente, mientras que algunos patrones de segregación son distintivos de ciertos grupos étnicos (independientemente de su área habitacional), otros son específicos de ciertas áreas. Como ejemplos del primero, los niveles de segregación de paquistaníes y bangladesíes son a menudo los más altos, independientemente de su HMA de residencia; también parecen seguir patrones de cambio específicos (y contrastantes) a lo largo del tiempo. En cuanto a la dinámica del contexto, Birmingham aparece como un contexto favorable en términos cambios en los niveles de segregación, mientras que se observa lo contrario para Leicester y Bradford

Pericentromeric organization at the fusion point of mouse Robertsonian translocation chromosomes

In mammals, Robertsonian (Rb) translocation (the joining of two telo/acrocentric chromosomes at their centromere to form a metacentric) is the most effective process in chromosomal evolution leading to speciation; its occurrence also affects human health (through the induction of trisomies) and the fertility of farm animals. To understand the mechanism of Rb translocation, we used the house mouse as a model system and studied the organization of pericentromeric satellite DNAs (satDNA) of telocentrics and Rb chromosomes, both minor and major satDNA. The chromosome-orientation fluorescence in situ hybridization (CO-FISH) technique was used to analyze the major satDNA. To detect the very small amount of minor satDNA, a procedure was developed that combines CO-FISH with primed in situ labeling and conventional FISH and is five times more sensitive than the CO-FISH procedure alone. It was found that both the major and the minor satDNA tandem repeats are oriented head-to-tail in telocentric and Rb chromosomes, and their polarity is always the same relative to the centromere. We suggest that all tandemly repetitive satDNAs in a species probably are locked into such a symmetry constraint as a universal consequence of chromosomal evolution. Rb translocation breakpoints were found localized within the minor satDNA of telocentrics, and these sequences contributed symmetrically to the formation of the centromeric region of the Rb chromosomes. These results are important for an understanding of the geometry of Rb translocations and suggest the study of DNA orientation as a new tool for investigating these rearrangements

On the use of some tangent cones and sets in vector optimization

For various classes of vector optimization problems, necessary and sufficient optimality conditions are developed in terms of first order tangent cones and second order tangent sets and cones. Additional remarks are also made

Isoparametric Functions and Solutions of Yamabe Type Equations on Manifolds with Boundary

Let (M, g) be a compact Riemannian manifold with non-empty boundary. Provided that f is an isoparametric function of (M, g), we prove existence results for positive solutions of the Yamabe equation that are constant along the level sets of f. If (M, g) has positive constant scalar curvature, minimal boundary and admits an isoparametric function we also prove multiplicity results for positive solutions of the Yamabe equation on (M x N, g + th) where (N, h) is any closed Riemannian manifold with positive constant scalar curvature.Fil: Henry, Guillermo Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló"; ArgentinaFil: Zuccotti, Juan Rodrigo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló"; Argentin

Has Migration Been Beneficial for Migrants and Their Children?

The study compares the social mobility and status attainment of first-and second-generation Turks in nine Western European countries with those of Western European natives and with those of Turks in Turkey. It shows that the children of low-class migrants are more likely to acquire a higher education than their counterparts in Turkey, making them more educationally mobile. Moreover, they successfully convert this education in the Western European labor market, and are upwardly mobile relative to the first generation. When comparing labor market outcomes of second generations relative to Turks in Turkey, however, the results show that the same level of education leads to a higher occupation in Turkey. The implications of these findings are discussed

Personalized Nutrition in Food Allergy : Tips for Clinical Practice

Nowadays, food allergies are considered as a wide spectrum of disorders that need different approaches. The \u201cone size fits all\u201d approach is giving way to a \u201ctargeted approach,\u201d based on the identification of the patient's phenotype. Thus, the approach of nutritional management of food allergy has moved on from simply being \u201cyes or no\u201d to \u201chow much?\u201d, \u201cin which form?\u201d and \u201cfor which patients?\u201d Different factors should be considered in order to make a patient-tailored nutritional plan in clinical practice. Tailored nutritional plans may help to reduce the nutritional, social and economic burden of food allergy