Le bison de La Grèze (Marquay, Dordogne, France) sous le microscope

S.A. Semenov, le fondateur de la discipline, avait donné un cadre large à la tracéologie. Pourtant, en un demi-siècle, la plupart des recherches dans ce domaine se focalisèrent sur l’usure des outils lithiques. Quelques travaux pionniers montrèrent néanmoins que l’analyse des marques d’outils pouvait être efficacement appliquée aux études d’art pariétal pour aborder des questions relatives aux techniques, aux chaînes opératoires et à la chronologie des représentations. Un des aspects qui en découle mais qui n’a pas encore été exploré, est celui du rafraîchissement des figures. Les différences de morphologie observées dans les contours gravés ou piquetés d’une composition peuvent être vues comme le résultat d’évènements distincts. Cela avait été le cas avec le Bison de La Grèze, suspecté d’avoir été partiellement repassé à l’époque de sa découverte pour le rendre plus visible. Une analyse détaillée des contours de la représentation, sous microscope binoculaire et à partir de différentes échelles de modèles 3D, montre que le fond blanc et frais observé en plusieurs points de la gravure ne témoigne pas d’une reprise moderne de la figure mais d’un processus d’altération naturelle de la paroi.The scope of traceology, as defined by S.A.Semenov who founded the discipline, was broad, but in half a century most of the studies have focused on the use wear of lithic tools. Nonetheless, some pioneer works show that the analysis of tool marks can provide useful data to rock art studies and helps to address questions about the techniques, the « chaîne opératoire » and the chronology of the pictures. A topic which is directly linked but which has not yet been investigated concerns their renewal. Differences in the morphology of the engraved or pecked lines belonging to a same pattern can be seen as the result of distinct events. This has been the case with the bison of La Grèze cave, suspected to have been partly redrawn at the time of its discovery for making it more visible. A close examination of the outline with a binocular microscope and its 3D modeling at different scales show that, despite a fresh and white bottom of some parts of the groove, there is no evidence of secondary work : all the recent features are due to the natural alteration of the wall

The bison of La Grèze (Dordogne, France) under the microscope

The scope of traceology, as defined by S.A.Semenov who founded the discipline, was broad, but in half a century most of the studies have focused on the use wear of lithic tools. Nonetheless, some pioneer works show that the analysis of tool marks can provide useful data to rock art studies and helps to address questions about the techniques, the « chaîne opératoire » and the chronology of the pictures. A topic which is directly linked but which has not yet been investigated concerns their renewal. Differences in the morphology of the engraved or pecked lines belonging to a same pattern can be seen as the result of distinct events. This has been the case with the bison of La Grèze cave, suspected to have been partly redrawn at the time of its discovery for making it more visible. A close examination of the outline with a binocular microscope and its 3D modeling at different scales show that, despite a fresh and white bottom of some parts of the groove, there is no evidence of secondary work : all the recent features are due to the natural alteration of the wall

About Development and Verification of Software for Finite Element Analysis of Beam Systems

AbstractThe distinctive paper is devoted to author's software (Windows application) for finite element analysis (FEA) of beam systems. Program application package provides convenient graphical interface to the user for quick creation of layout design in accordance with given coordinates of nodes. User can specify various boundary conditions in the corresponding nodes or apply external loads. The results of FEA are displayed in text and graphical forms (including visualization of deformed scheme). Moreover, these results can be exported into a Microsoft Word document. Open source and freeware program has been created by Microsoft Visual C++. Information about verification samples is presentedClic

Electron immunohistochemical analysis of localization of neutral Mn2+-dependent DNAase. I. Synthesis of ferritin and colloidal gold conjugates with monospecific antibodies against neutral Mn2+-dependent DNAase | Elektronnoe immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie lokalizatsii neitral'noi Mn2+-zavisimoi DNKazy. I. Sintez kon''iugatov monospetsificheskikh antitel k neitral'noi Mn2+-zavisimoi DNKaze s ferritinom i kolloidnym zolotom.

Rabbit antibodies against a neutral Mn(2+)-dependent rat liver DNAse were obtained, whose specificity towards DNAse was ascertained by suppression of the enzyme activity both in vitro system and immunoblotting assays. Procedures of synthesis of ferritin and colloidal gold conjugates with antibodies are described. The biological activity of the conjugates proved to be similar to that of the original antibodies

Selection of recruitment methods in construction organizations

There are methods for determining the quantitative and qualitative need for labor in the paper. The methods of recruitment are analyzed. Classification of methods of recruiting is given. Their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The paper presents the results of a study on modern methods of recruiting personnel used by construction organizations in Tyumen

«Прошу занести в протокол собрания...»: из истории Волгоградской областной универсальной научной библиотеки им. М. Горького

Specialists of M.Gorky Volgograd Regional Universal Scientific Library have studied the party archive of the Stalingrad regional library of M.Gorky under the local history research project on study information-bibliographic materials reflecting history and stages of library science development in the Volgograd region.В рамках краеведческого проекта по изучению документов и информационно-библиографических материалов, отражающих историю и этапы становления библиотечного дела Волгоградской области, специалисты Волгоградской областной универсальной научной библиотеки им. М. Горького (ВОУНБ) исследовали партийный архив Сталинградской краевой библиотеки им. М. Горького (с 1961 г. ВОУНБ им. М. Горького), находящийся в фонде Центра документации новейшей истории Волгоградской области. В статье использованы материалы партийных собраний, раскрывающие условия труда библиотекарей и этапы строительства нового здания библиотеки во второй половине ХХ века

Properties of deoxyribonuclease of rat liver nuclei and changes in its activity during induced synthesis of nucleic acids

DNAase from the proteins of chromatin obtained from rat livers preferentially hydrolyzes denatured DNA on the 3' phosphodiester bonds, forming oligonucleotides consisting of 6 to 8 monomers. The DNAase is not specific with respect to the bases. During the induced synthesis of DNA and RNA in rat liver cells a decrease was noted in the DNAase activity of the chromatin proteins

Chitinolytic complex of serratia marcescens and peculiarities of its biosynthesis

The extracellular chitinolytic complex of Serratia marcescens Bú 211 ATCC 9986 was shown to include three proteins with molecular masses of 58, 52, and 45 kDa (chitinases A, B, and C, respectively). Chitinases A and B were separated from chitinase C and purified from protein admixtures by chromatography on chitin. Chitinase A possessed two isoforms with pI values of 6.25 and 4.85-5.25. Chitinase B had only one isoform with a pI of 4.85-5.25 and appeared to be an endochitinase. In the absence of chitin, the biosynthesis of extracellular chitinases was induced by mitomycin C (MC), an inducer of the SOS-response in cells. In the presence of chitin in the cultivation medium, MC increased the chitinase activity. MC induced the synthesis of all three extracellular chitinases, but not of chitobiase, whose biosynthesis was induced by the substrate. © 1997 MAHK Hayka/Interperiodica Publishing

A case of atypical femur fracture during long-term treatment with bisphosphonates in patient with postmenopausal osteoporosis

Bisphosphonates is a first-line therapy for treatment of osteoporosis. In the last decade, the number of atypical femur fracture (AFF) cases during long-term treatment with bisphosphonates has increased. The aim of this article was to analyze the literature data on this problem, to define the diagnostic criteria of AFF and to present the case of AFF in the patient who received treatment with alendronate for 3.5 years. A 78-year-old woman, receiving oral bisphosphonate for severe postmenopausal osteoporosis for 3.5 years, suddenly started feeling pain in her right thigh while walking. Three months later, she had got a fracture in middle third of the right femur after falling from her standing height. According to instrumental diagnostics, this fracture had all criteria of AFF. Blocking intramedullary osteosynthesis with shafts was performed. A retrospective analysis of soft tissue magnetic resonance imaging in the area of right thigh, done before the fracture, showed the presence of undiagnosed incomplete right femur fracture in the middle third, which subsequently led to a complete fracture. Presented clinical case demonstrates the complexity of AFF diagnostics. The purpose of the publication is to draw attention of medical specialists to the issue of this rare side effect of bisphosphonate treatment