Microbial carbonylation and hydroxylation of 20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol by <i>Aspergillus niger</i>

<p>20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol (PD) was metabolised by the fungus <i>Aspergillus niger</i> AS 3.3926 to its C-3 carbonylated metabolite and five other hydroxylated metabolites (<b>1</b>–6). Their structures were elucidated as 3-oxo-20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol (<b>1</b>), 3-oxo-7β-hydroxyl- 20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol (<b>2</b>), 3-oxo-7β,23α-dihydroxyl-20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol (<b>3</b>), 3,12-dioxo- 7β,23β-dihydroxyl-20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol (<b>4</b>), 3-oxo-1α,7β-dihydroxyl-20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol (<b>5</b>) and 3-oxo-7β,15β-dihydroxyl-20(<i>R</i>)-panaxadiol (<b>6</b>) by spectroscopic analysis. Among them, compounds <b>2</b>–<b>6</b> were new compounds. Pharmacological studies revealed that compound <b>6</b> exhibited significant anti-hepatic fibrosis activity.</p

The detailed amounts of involved DNA molecules in XOR logic gate.

<p>The detailed amounts of involved DNA molecules in XOR logic gate.</p

Fluoroscence data of DNA Neurons execute AND logic with input “11”.

<p>The X-axis is cycling time of Real-time PCR, the time span of each cycle is 10 minutes, temperature of each cycle keeps in 24–25°C. The Y-axis is relative intensity of HEX (red curve) and FAM (blue curve).</p

Heavily n‑Dopable π‑Conjugated Redox Polymers with Ultrafast Energy Storage Capability

We report here the first successful demonstration of a “π-conjugated redox polymer” simultaneously featuring a π-conjugated backbone and integrated redox sites, which can be stably and reversibly n-doped to a high doping level of 2.0 with significantly enhanced electronic conductivity. The properties of such a heavily n-dopable polymer, poly­{[<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-bis­(2-octyldodecyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenedicarboximide-2,6-diyl]-<i>alt</i>-5,5′-(2,2′-bithiophene)} (P­(NDI2OD-T2)), were compared <i>vis-à-vis</i> to those of the corresponding backbone-insulated poly­{[<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-bis­(2-octyldodecyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenedicarboximide-2,6-diyl]-<i>alt</i>-5,5′-[2,2′-(1,2-ethanediyl)­bithiophene]} (P­(NDI2OD-TET)). When evaluated as a charge storage material for rechargeable Li batteries, P­(NDI2OD-T2) delivers 95% of its theoretical capacity at a high rate of 100C (72 s per charge–discharge cycle) under practical measurement conditions as well as 96% capacity retention after 3000 cycles of deep discharge–charge. Electrochemical, impedance, and charge-transport measurements unambiguously demonstrate that the ultrafast electrode kinetics of P­(NDI2OD-T2) are attributed to the high electronic conductivity of the polymer in the heavily n-doped state

Visual DSD simulations of XOR logic gate with input signal “01”.

<p>Visual DSD simulations of XOR logic gate with input signal “01”.</p

Fluoroscence data of DNA Neurons execute XOR logic with input “01”.

<p>The X-axis is cycling time of Real-time PCR, the time span of each cycle is 10 minutes, temperature of each cycle keeps in 24–25°C. The Y-axis is relative intensity of HEX (red curve) and FAM (blue curve).</p

Abstract diagrams of two DNA neurons executing XOR logic.

<p>Abstract diagrams of two DNA neurons executing XOR logic.</p

Probes with Fluorophores.

<p>Probes with Fluorophores.</p

Domains of “DNA neurons”.

<p>Domains of “DNA neurons”.</p

Fluoroscence data of DNA Neurons execute XOR logic with input “11”.

<p>The X-axis is cycling time of Real-time PCR, the time span of each cycle is 10 minutes, temperature of each cycle keeps in 24–25°C. The Y-axis is relative intensity of HEX (red curve) and FAM (blue curve).</p