Managing your Trees: Insights from a Metropolitan-Scale Low-Power Wireless Network

Low-power wireless, such as IEEE 802.15.4, is envisioned as one key technology for wireless control and communication. In the context of the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), it serves as an energy-efficient communication technology for both communications at building-scale networks and city-scale networks. Understanding real-world challenges and key properties of 802.15.4 based networks is an essential requirement for both the research community and practitioners: When deploying and operating low-power wireless networks at metropolitan-scale, a deep knowledge is essential to ensure network availability and performance at production-level quality. Similarly, researchers require realistic network models when developing new algorithms and protocols. In this paper, we present new and real-world insights from a deployed metropolitan-scale low-power wireless network: It includes 300,000 individual wireless connected meters and covers a city with roughly 600,000 inhabitants. Our findings, for example, help to estimate real-world parameters such as the typical size of routing trees, their balance, and their dynamics over time. Moreover, these insights facilitate the understanding and the realistic calibration of simulation models in key properties such as reliability and throughput

Cultural integration: Experimental evidence of changes in immigrants' preferences

Cultural traits play a significant role in the determination of economic outcomes and institutions. This paper presents evidence from laboratory experiments on the cultural integration of individuals of Chinese ethnicity in Australia, focusing on social preferences, preferences for competition, and risk attitudes. We show that the greater the share of education an individual receives in the West, the more they behave like Western subjects and the less they behave according to the norms of their Eastern heritage. Increased exposure to Western education has a strong negative impact on altruism, trust, and trustworthiness. For risk and competitive preferences, our results are gender-specific. These results have important implications for policy making and institution building in multi-cultural societies