6 research outputs found
SPECIAL EDUCATION TREATMENT IN PREP ARIN G HEMIP ARETIC CHILDREN FOR SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
HemiparetiÄki oblik djeÄje cerebralne paralize posljedica je oÅ”teÄenja centralnog nervnog
sistema. MotoriÄku disfunkciju jedne strane tijela Äesto prate specifiÄne poteÅ”koÄe u oblasti
percepcije, govora, ponaÅ”anja, uÄenja. Posljedice ranih oÅ”teÄenja mozga ovisne su zasigurno o
vremenu nastanka, opsežnosti i lokaciji povrede, ali je presudan utjecaj sredinskih faktora
kojima je odredena gornja razina razvoja i kvalitet unutar nje. DefektoloŔki tretman, baziran
na Äinjenici cjelovitosti djeÄje liÄnosti, provodi se kroz individualizirane programe stimulacije
pojednih funkcija. Intenzivan, kontinuiran tretman poka1.<~0 je pozitivne rezultate u
adekvatnosti sveukupnog ponaÅ”anja djeteta obuhvaÄenog tretmanom. Najbolji rezultati bili su
u grafomotoriÄkim sposobnostima.Hemiparetic form of cerebral palsy is a consequence of the central nervous system lesion.
M otorial dysfuntion of one side of the body is often accompanyed by specific difficulties in
perception, speech, behaviour, and learning. Consequences of early cerebral lesions depend
upon the time when they occurred as well as upon the extent and location of the lesion, but the
influence of enviromental factors which determine the upper level of development and its
quality are of utmost importance. Special education treatment, based on the integrity of the
child\u27s personality, is done through individual programmes of stimulation of particular
functions. Intensive continuous treatment had a very good outcome in adequacy of the overall
behaviour of the child included in this programme. The best results were obtained io the
graphomtor abilities
SEX AND CEREBRAL PALSY
U istraživanje je ukljuÄeno 39-ero djece s kliniÄkom slikom tetrapareze, parapareze i
hemipareze muÅ”kog i ženskog spola. UsporeÄivani su lateralizacija gornjih ekstremiteta, govorni
razvoj i intelektualna razina prema spolu kod sva tri kliniÄka oblika bolesti.
Analizom rezultata uoÄava se relativno visok postotak djece s neizdiferenciranom
lateralizacijom kod parapareze; iako razlika nije statistiÄki znaÄajna, upuÄuje na ÄeÅ”Äu objerukost
kod muŔke djece. Govorni razvoj zaostaje u visokom postotku kod djece s paraparezom ženskog
spola, dok kod muÅ”ke djece ÄeÅ”Äe znatno zaostaje. Djeca s tetraparezom pokazuju upravo suprotne
rezultate. U skupini djece s hemiparezom govorni razvoj zaostaje u veÄem postotku kod muÅ”ke
djece. Spol ne pokazuje tendenciju znaÄajnijeg utjecaja na intelektualnu razinu kod parapareza i
hemipareza, ali se tendencija znaÄajnosti uoÄava kod tetrapareza.The research included the investigated group of 39 children of both sexes with a clinical
picture of tetraparesis, paraparesis or hemiparesis. Lateralisation of the upper extremities,
development of speech and intellectual development were compared according to sex of children
with these clinical pictures.
Analysis of the results shows that there is a relatively high percentage of children with
non-differentiated lateralisation among those with paraparesis, and although this difference is not
statistically significant, it shows that male children are more often ambidextrous. The development
of speech is slowed down among a high percentage of female children with paraparesis, but
speech is more often significantly slowed down among male children The results among children
with tetraparesis are opposite.
In the group of children with hemiparesis the development of speech is slowed down in a
higher percentage among male children. Sex does not show a significant influence on the
intellectual level among children with paraparesis and hemiparesis, but such a trend is significant
among children with tetraparesis
VjeŔtina crtanja kod djece s kaŔnjenjem u neuromotornom razvoju u dobi od 2-5 godina
In typically developing children, drawing development occurs in stages from uncontrolled strokes to complex drawing. In this study, we examined drawing development in children with neurodevelopmental delay (NDD). In order to do so, we observed the influence of age, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and gender on the development of drawing skills. The sample consisted of 52 children with NDD, aged 2 years and 6 months to 5 years. All children were hospitalized for multidisciplinary team monitoring and developmental support. The evaluation of drawing development was administered by giving each child a blank A4 paper and the instruction to draw anything they wanted. All of the drawings were scored satisfactory or unsatisfactory. Descriptive statistics was employed on all relevant data to show results in frequencies and percentages. In order to determine differences between groups, the Ļ2-test was administered. The results showed greatest difference in drawing in children aged from 3 years to 3 years and 11 months. Children with lower IVH had better drawing scores than children with higher IVH levels. According to gender dissimilarities, a difference was found showing girls to have better drawing skills than boys. All study results pointed to the importance of early rehabilitation and continuous structured work with children with NDD.Kod djece urednog razvoja crtež se razvija kroz nekoliko faza koje se pojavljuju specifiÄnim redoslijedom od nekontroliranih pokreta olovkom do crtanja kompleksnih oblika. U ovom radu željeli smo istražiti postoje li odstupanja u razvoju crteža kod djece s neurorazvojnim odstupanjem. Promatrani su utjecaj dobi, intraventrikularnog krvarenja razliÄitih stupnjeva i spola na razvoj crteža. Uzorak ispitanika Äinilo je 52 djece u dobi od 2,6 do 5 godina. Sva djeca bila su hospitalizirana radi praÄenja cjelokupnog razvoja i potpore od strane multidisciplinarnog tima. Svoj djeci bio je dijagnosticiran neki oblik neurorazvojnog odstupanja. Ispitivanje razvoja crteža provedeno je na naÄin da su djetetu dani olovka i prazan A4 list papira na kojem je mogao izraditi crtež po vlastitom izboru. Svaki crtež ocijenjen je kao adekvatan ili neadekvatan za dob. Prikupljeni podaci obraÄeni su deskriptivnom analizom i prikazani u tablicama i grafikonima pomoÄu postotaka i frekventnosti. Razlike izmeÄu skupina dokazane su Ļ2-testom. Rezultati su pokazali najveÄu razliku izmeÄu zadovoljavajuÄeg i nezadovoljavajuÄeg razvoja crteža u skupini djece od 3 do 3,11 godina. Zatim, djeca koja nisu imala intraventrikularno krvarenje ili su imala krvarenje I. stupnja pokazala su najbolje vjeÅ”tine crtanja meÄu djecom s neurorazvojnim odstupanjem, dok su sva djeca s krvarenjem II./III. stupnja imala veÄi broj neadekvatnih crteža za dob. PromatrajuÄi razlike u crtežu s obzirom na spol zakljuÄuje se da su vjeÅ”tine crtanja kod djevojÄica bolje u odnosu na djeÄake. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na važnost rane rehabilitacije i kontinuirani strukturirani rad s djecom s neurorazvojnim odstupanjima
NajÄeÅ”Äa odstupanja u razvoju motorike Å”ake od roÄenja do prve godine života
The early child development, from birth until the age of one year is, amongst other changes, characterized by intense motor learning. During that period, the voluntary learning patterns evolve from reflexive patterns to coordinated voluntary patterns. All of the childās voluntary movements present active forms in which the child communicates with the environment. In this communication, the hand plays an important role. Its brain representation covers one-third of
the entire motor region, situated in the close proximity to the speech region. For this reason, some authors refer to hand as a āspeech organā. According to numerous studies, each separate finger also has a relatively large representation in the cerebral cortex, which points to the importance of the fine motor skills development, or precise, highly differentiated movements of hand muscles following the principles of differentiation and hierarchical integration. Development of the fine motor skills in the hand is important for the overall child development, and it also serves as a predictor pointing to immaturity of the central nervous system. The aim of this paper is to present the development of hand motoricity from birth until the age of one year, as well as the most frequent deviations observed in children hospitalized at Childrenās Department of Rehabilitation, Clinical Department of Rheumatology, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center.Rani razvoj djeteta, od roÄenja do prve godine života, obilježen je izmeÄu ostalog i intenzivnim motoriÄkim uÄenjem kojim se obrasci voljnih pokreta od refleksnih obrazaca razvijaju u koordinirane voljne pokrete. Svi voljni pokreti djeteta njegovi su aktivni oblici komunikacije s okolinom. U toj komunikaciji veliku važnost ima ruka. Njezina reprezentacija u mozgu zauzima treÄinu cjelokupnog prostora motorne regije koja se nalazi u neposrednoj blizini regije za govor. Stoga neki autori ruku nazivaju āorganom govoraā. Kako su pokazale razliÄite studije, svaki prst zasebno takoÄer ima relativno veliku zastupljenost u moždanoj kori, Å”to upuÄuje na važnost razvoja fine motorike, odnosno preciznih visokodiferenciranih pokreta muskulature Å”ake po naÄelima diferencijacije i hijerarhijske integracije. Razvoj fine motrike Å”ake važan je za cjelokupni razvoj djeteta, a takoÄer je i prediktor koji ukazuje na nezrelost srediÅ”njega živÄanog sustava. Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati razvoj motorike Å”ake od roÄenja do prve godine života, kao i najÄeÅ”Äa odstupanja koja su zapažena kod djece koja su boravila na Odsjeku za rehabilitaciju djece Klinike za reumatologiju, fizikalnu medicinu i rehabilitaciju KliniÄkog bolniÄkog centra āSestre milosrdniceā