Autoimmune response in lung cancer patients with neurological paraneoplastic syndromes

Aim of the study. The aim of this study was to evaluate granzyme B, perforin and FasL expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in lung cancer patients and in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS). Clinical rationale for the study. Cellular immune response is activated as part of anti-tumour reaction of the malignancy-bearing host. Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are defined as indirect effects of cancer on the nervous system and are considered immune-mediated. Such stimulation of the immune system may limit the aggressiveness of cancer and the development of metastasis, and thereby improve survival. Granzyme B and perforin pathway, and Fas ligand (FasL) – Fas receptor interaction play an important role in cytotoxic response. Materials and Methods. Fifty-two patients were included in the study: 28 subjects with PNS and 24 subjects with lung cancer. PNS cases were diagnosed according to the Graus criteria. The presence of onconeural antibodies (anti-Hu/anti-Ri/anti-Yo/anti-Ma/Ta/anti-CV2/anti-amphiphysin/anti-myelin/anti-neuroendothelium/anti-MAG/anti-GAD) was detected with indirect immunofluorescence and confirmed with Line Blotting. The expression of granzyme B, perforin and FasL was detected in PBMCs with ELISA. Results. PPBMC-FasL expression was increased in lung cancer compared to other patient groups. The granzyme to FasL ratio was significantly higher in lung cancer patients with peripheral than with central PNS involvement. In a multiple regression model, sex was an independent factor influencing PBMC expression of granzyme and perforin. Conclusions. FasL expression in PBMCs is up-regulated in lung cancer patients. The interplay between granzyme B and FasL may be involved in the development of PNS at the level of the peripheral and the central nervous systems in different manners. Gender is associated with PBMC expression of granzyme B and perforin in lung cancer patients. Clinical Implications. The novel findings that we report broaden the current knowledge on PNS pathomechanism, with aspects that have not been previously explored. Our findings provide a rationale for further exploration of the granzyme B/FasL pathway with regards to its potential diagnostic value. However, our study is preliminary and needs further research, especially in the context of the prognostic value of the proposed markers

THE VISIONS OF SOCIAL ORDER AND THEIR DETERMINANTS. THE ANALYSIS OF WARSAW COMMUNITY'S OPINIONS

The article presents the analysis of research on the visions of the existing social order that were forming among the citizens of Warsaw in the period preceding the outburst of open social conflict in the 1980s. The author distinguishes five types of these visions: 'optimistic', 'permissive', 'indifferent', 'reformist' and 'radical'. The differentiation of these visions depending on different position in social structure of the individuals who voice them (such as their professional occupation, level of education, place of work, economic standing, social background, belonging to social organizations, membership in political organizations and attitudes to religion) forms the central analytical problem of the article. The analysis aims at finding out, which features of social position favor particular types of visions of existing social order. The patterns of dependencies derived from multivariate analysis are far from being clear-cut, however, which leads the author to suggesting that position in social structure cannot be sole predictor of attitudes to existing social order and perhaps other factors (i.e. cultural ones) have to be included in the analysis

Zastosowanie systemów agentowych do wspomagania zarządzania zespołami robotów mobilnych rozprawa doktorska przygotowana pod kierunkiem Krzysztofa Cetnarowicza /

Tyt. z ekranu tytułowego.Praca doktorska. Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica (Kraków), 2009.Zawiera bibliogr.Dostępna także w wersji drukowanej.Tryb dostępu: Internet.Wprowadzenie do systemów wielorobotowych, wieloagentowych, roboty mobilne jako systemy komputerowe, źródła ograniczeń komunikacyjnych, problem przydziału zadań w systemach wielorobotowych, zadanie optymalnego przydziału, zastosowanie programowania liniowego, wykorzystanie rozwiązań dualnych, wykorzystanie gier ekonomicznych, specyfika zagadnienia dla systemów robotowych, zastosowanie metod aukcyjnych, analiza stosowanych rozwiązań, proponowane rozwiązanie, koncepcja modelu symulacyjnego systemu wielorobotowego, wprowadzenie do systemów wieloagentowych, koncepcja agenta, agenty a środowisko, formalny opis architektury agentów, architektura m-agenta, podstawowe elementy świata autonomicznych agentów, struktura środowiska, model, system agentowy kierujący grupą robotów, zasoby, profil intelektualny agenta AG0, koncepcja agenta wirtualnego, środowisko dla agenta wirtualnego, rozszerzenie specyfikacji systemu agentowego, środowiska, modyfikacja, specyfikacja agenta AG1, AG2, propozycja metody oceny uzyskanych wyników, problem komiwojażera niepowracającego, wielu niepowracających komiwojażerów, algorytm rozwiązujacy problem, symulator do przeprowadzenia badań proponowanego rozwiązania, eksperymenty symulacyjne, badanie wpływu zastosowania agentów, rezultaty eksperymentów symulacyjnych dla Serii I, II, ocena uzyskanych wynikó

Construction of Hardware Components for the Internet of Services

In this paper we focus on a hardware realization of web services (WS) and their integration within the service-oriented architecture (SOA). Previous approaches to the implementation of network-enabled services in hardware covered only very specific types of applications and were platform-dependent. Our contribution is a generic framework where heterogeneous everyday objects are enhanced with appropriate hardware extensions. This turns them into intelligent electronic devices that can sense the environment as well as interact with it, exposing their functionality via public WS interface. An integration scheme is introduced to allow the augmented objects to be used within highly distributed enterprise applications. Each web service is mapped to a functionally equivalent Open Services Gateway initiative (OSGi) service so that it can be dynamically added to the pool of elementary services accessible within the enterprise service bus (ESB). Our approach is exemplified by several web services for environment monitoring, mechanical control and visual inspection, all implemented in a reconfigurable hardware. A case study of integrating and using such services is also presented

Serum heat shock protein 27 levels predict cardiac mortality in hemodialysis patients

Abstract Background Decreased heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) participates in many processes that are involved in cardiovascular (CV) disease. The objective of the study was to evaluate if HSP27 level was predictive of mortality as well as to evaluate factors associated with HSP27 level in a group of patients treated with HD. Methods Enrolled to the study were 202 HD patients. Clinical data, biochemical, echocardiographic, and carotid atherosclerosis parameters were evaluated. Patients were splited into groups on the basis of the cut-off lower and higher 50th percentile of serum HSP27 levels, and were followed-up for 28.68 ± 6.12 months. Results No significant difference was observed between serum HSP27 levels in patients and controls. Low HSP27 patients were older, had higher left ventricular mass index, lower ejection fraction, higher prevalence of diabetes, myocardial infarction and carotid atherosclerosis, higher C-reactive protein level, and worse oxidant/antioxidant status. The multiple regression analysis identified that HSP27 levels were independently, negatively associated with serum oxidized LDL and the number of carotid plaques. Using the Kaplan–Meier analysis it was shown that the cumulative incidences of both CV and sudden cardiac death (SCD) mortality were higher in low HSP27 group in comparison with high serum HSP27 group. A multivariate Cox analysis showed that HSP27 level is an independent and strong predictor of CV as well as SCD mortality. Conclusions Low serum HSP27 level is independently associated with both CV and SCD mortality but not with all-cause mortality. Low serum HSP27 level is associated with carotid atherosclerosis and oxidative stress

Syndecan-4 Is an Independent Predictor of All-Cause as Well as Cardiovascular Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients.

BACKGROUND:Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated withincreased mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients.Syndecan-4 plays a role in many processes that are involved in the heart fibrosis and hypertrophy.We designed this study to prospectively determine whether syndecan-4 was predictive of mortality in a group of HD patients. METHODS:In total, 191 HD patients were included. Clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic parameters were recorded. HD patients were followed-up for 23.18 ± 4.02 months. RESULTS:Syndecan-4 levels correlated strongly with geometrical echocardiographic parameters and ejection fraction. Relations with pressure-related parameters were weak and only marginally significant. Using the receiver operating characteristics the optimal cut-off points in predicting all-cause as well as cardiovascular (CV) mortality were evaluated and patients were divided into low and high syndecan-4 groups. A Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative incidences of all-cause as well as CV mortality were higher in high serum syndecan-4 group compared with those with low serum syndecan-4 (p<0.001 in both cases).A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed syndecan-4 concentration to be an independent and significant predictor of all-cause (hazard ratio, 2.99; confidence interval, 2.34 to 3.113; p<0.001)as well as CV mortality (hazard ratio, 2.81;confidence interval, 2.28to3.02; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Serum syndecan-4 concentration reflects predominantly geometrical echocardiographic parameters. In HD patients serum syndecan-4 concentration is independently associated with all-cause as well as CV mortality

Heat Shock Protein 27 Is an Emerging Predictor of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury on Patients Subjected to Percutaneous Coronary Interventions

Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a serious complication associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Heat-shock protein 27 (HSP27) plays a role in the defense of the kidney tissue against various forms of cellular stress, including hypoxia and oxydative stress, both features associated with CI-AKI. The aim of our study was to evaluate a potential predictive value of HSP27 for CI-AKI in patients subjected to percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Included were 343 selected patients subjected to PCI. Exclusion criteria were conditions that potentially might influence HSP27 levels. HSP27 serum levels were evaluated prior to PCI, together with serum creatinine, the concentration of which was also evaluated twice at 48 and 72 h post PCI. CI-AKI was diagnosed in 9.3% of patients. Patients in whom CI-AKI was diagnosed were older (p &lt; 0.001), were more often females (p = 0.021), had higher prevalence of diabetes (p = 0.011), hypotension during PCI (p &lt; 0.001), albuminuria (p = 0.004) as well as multivessel disease (p = 0.002), received higher contrast volume (p = 0.006), more often received contrast volume (CV) above the maximum allowed contrast dose (MACD) (p &lt; 0.001), and had lower HSP27 level (p &lt; 0.001). On multivariate analysis, CV &gt; MACD (OR 1.23, p = 0.001), number of diseased vessels (OR 1.27, p = 0.006), and HSP27 (OR 0.81, p = 0.001) remained independent predictors of CI-AKI. Low concentration of HSP27 is an emerging, strong and independent predictor of CI-AKI in patients subjected to PCI

Social Structure in Poland: POLPAN 1988

Description of the current state of social structure and its change during the post-communist transformation. Main topics of the study are: 1. Work and life situation 2. Sources of conflicts 3. Opinions about society 4. Family history 5. Closest friend 6. Opinions about work 7. Facing institutions 8. Housing situation (1) 9. Opinions about professions and income 10. Intergenerational comparison 11. Composition of the household 12. Housing situation (2) 13. Income and household equipment 14. Spending and pricing 15. Durable goods 16. Important issues in life 17. Religion 18. Chances of success in life 19. Education 20. Organisational membership 1. Work and life situation: Respondent is currently working; source of income; respondent has ever worked; respondent stopped working (year); type of farm; ownership of farm; last occupation: Polish SKZ occupational classification, managerial position, type of firm, industry classification of company (KGN), field of work, worked in material production, worked in a private company, year job started, supervisory position, number of subordinates, position in hierarchy, year respondent started to work at this position; respondent’s status of ownership in firm where he is working, worked for another firm; time period worked for another firm (years/months); previous occupation: respondent had different occupation before, Polish SKZ occupational classification, worked in material production, time period worked in this job (years/months), second concurrent job, respondent stopped working in this occupation (year); another position before; managerial position; time period worked on this position (years/months); first job: age of respondent when first job started, Polish SKZ occupational classification, managerial position, comparison with last job Polish SKZ occupational classification, worked in material production, firm belongs to respondent or the respondent’s family; current job: pressure of work, legal working hours per week, full time/part time job, real working hours per week, possibility to use office phone for private purposes, to leave workplace for 30 minutes, to settle own matters at work, to leave workplace for over an hour, possibility to influence wage levels, shop floor organization, appointment to positions; member of employees council; average wage income per month; monthly income from farm or private firm; need for additional training, agreeable relations with co-workers, good relations with superiors, other improvements; able to communicate own opinion at job. 2. Sources of conflicts: Sources of conflicts: rich and poor, manual and non-manual workers, manager and employees, urban and rural people, young and old people, authorities and society, believers and nonbelievers in god; assessment of just minimum salary; legal limit on highest income; assessment of highest income one should make; assessment of highest income; people should pay tax for income of 200 000 zloty; tax amount people should pay for income of 200 000 zloty; people should pay tax for income of more than 200 000 zloty; tax amount people should pay for income of more than 200 000 zloty; opinion about salary for people with higher education; assessment of amount people with higher education should earn more; criteria earnings should depend on; legal limit on lowest income; getting help or relying on him/herself in important life issues; respondent can rely on family, friends, institutions and services, someone else, additional sources of help. 3. Opinions about society: Opinion about right to strike, number of trade unions operating in a firm, leading role of the Polish United Workers´ Party (PZPR), people suffering of various wrongs in their jobs, stronger self-management to control the directors and administration of the firm; opinion about control of authorities and society, success of socialist system; social position on a 10 point scale; percent of people with same position; percent of people with lower position; criteria for indicating own position: education, income, standard of living, living conditions, family conditions, occupation, position in firm, authority (influence), prestige, social standing, social background, utility of work, feeling of powerlessness, urban/rural, age/health, other; sum of mentioned criteria; opinions about statements: the more you want the more you lose, money is most important after health, people care only about themselves, life is easier without money, better if people with more knowledge an d experience decide for us, cooperative persons can always rely on help from others, bad things happen to good people; opinions about general questions: god created the world, consequences of deeds after death. 4. Family history: Age of father; education of father; number of children of father; oldest sibling of respondent: gender, age, work status, Polish SKZ occupational classification, managerial position, worked in material production, brother/sister had always same job, first job Polish SKZ occupational classification, managerial position in first job, worked in material production in first job; respondent and oldest sibling were raised together; father’s occupation at respondents age of 14 years: Polish SKZ occupational classification, father worked on farm/in firm owned by himself or his family, managerial position, worked in material production; father’s membership in political parties at respondents age of 14 years: member of PPR, PPS, PZPR, SL, PSL, ZSL, SD, other political parties; father’s membership in political youth organizations at respondents age of 14 years; father had always same job; first job of father: Polish SKZ occupational classification, managerial position, worked in material production; respondent at the age of fourteen: living with both parents, alternative guardian: Polish SKZ occupational classification, guardian worked on farm/in firm owned by himself or his family, managerial position, worked in material production; number of family members at respondent’s age of fourteen, number of rooms of family’s dwelling, respondent lived in village, town or city; parents provided things for all children; parents were too demanding; parents did not treat children in the same way; parents were too critical; parents were too strict; parents uses physical punishment; assessment of age when children can think independently, most important qualities in children’s development: good manners, responsibility, cleanliness, self-directness, studiousness, sensitivity, obedience, curiosity; ; father at respondents present age: Polish SKZ occupational classification, father is working on farm/in firm owned by himself or his family, managerial position, worked in material production; grandfather at respondents present age: Polish SKZ occupational classification, social class, date of birth, age of grandfather, year died, age when he died, marital status of respondent, married (year), divorced or widowed (year), spouse: employment status, has ever worked, stopped working (year), last occupation Polish SKZ occupational classification, spouse is working on farm/in firm owned by him/herself or his/her family, managerial position, working in material production; spouse before marriage: employment status, Polish SKZ occupational classification, spouse was working on farm/in firm owned by him/herself or his/her family, managerial position, working in material production; respondent before marriage: employment status, Polish SKZ occupational classification, respondent was working on farm/in firm owned by him/herself or his/her family, managerial position, working in material production; father in law when spouse was fourteen: Polish SKZ occupational classification, father in law was working on farm/in firm owned by him/herself or his/her family, managerial position, working in material production. 5. Closest friend: Age, relationship to respondent, gender, time period knowing respondent, work status, best friend has ever worked, best friend stopped working (year), Polish SKZ occupational classification, education, special field of education; time passed since last meeting with closest friend (months/weeks/days); time passed since previous meeting with closest friend (months/weeks/days); total number of close friends; number of close friends who are non-manual workers; number of close friends who are manual workers; relations between close friends; discussion of challenges for Poland among friends; friends visited respondent at home last month; among friends are members of Polish United Workers´ Party (PZPR); number of friends who are members of Polish United Workers´ Party (PZPR); closest friend is members of Polish United Workers´ Party (PZPR). 6. Opinions about work: Work experiences are useful for life outside work; assessment of own income in relation to education; assessment of own income in relation to present position; people with similar job anticipate negative changes in their job-related situation; first and second negative change; negative changes depend on: direct or indirect superiors at work, authorities outside work, economic situation in the country, other factors; respondent thinks of changing firm, occupation or position. 7. Facing institutions: Respondent dealt with officially concerns; type of concern respondent settled; concern pertained to respondent, to closest family, to extended family, to close friends, to acquaintances, other persons, respondent settled concern alone or with help; respondent received help from family, friends or acquaintances, someone in situation dealing. 8. Housing situation (1): Assessment of personal housing situation; comparison with best housing conditions in Poland; comparison with average housing conditions in Poland; comparison with worst housing conditions in Poland; most annoying aspect about housing situation; second most annoying aspect about housing situation; comparison of present housing conditions with ten years ago; general opinions and statements about additional payment and responsibility at work, occupational training and payment, reasons of social inequality, studying and earning money after studying, income differences in society; assessment of necessity of large income differences in order to make people work efficiently. 9. Opinions about professions and income: Assessment of income of different occupational groups: bricklayer, doctor, bank clerk, owner of store, director of factory, skilled worker, farm worker, secretary in state firm, bus driver, unskilled worker, cabinet minister; assessment of just income of different occupational groups: : bricklayer, doctor, bank clerk, owner of store, director of factory, skilled worker, farm worker, secretary in state firm, bus driver, unskilled worker, cabinet minister. 10. Intergenerational comparison: Occupational position of father compared to position of respondent. 11. Composition of the household: Number of people in household, number of household members older than 18; number of household members in age between 16-18; number of household members in age between 7-15; number of household members in age between 3-6; number of household members in age three years and younger; household structure; other persons in house; respondents position in family structure; education of respondent; education of spouse; education of third to sixth person in household; number of persons in household with incomplete primary, with complete primary, with lower vocational, with incomplete secondary, with secondary vocational, with general secondary, with post secondary vocational, with incomplete tertiary, with tertiary; respondent’s occupation Polish SKZ occupational classification; occupation of spouse Polish SKZ occupational classification; occupation of third to sixth person in household Polish SKZ occupational classification; number of manual workers; number of non-manual workers; number of self-employed; number of farmers; number of retired; number of supported; number of persons in other situations; number of persons in household who work for money. 12. Housing situation (2): Kitchen; kitchen size; number of rooms; total floor area; toilet, bathroom; foyer; other rooms; total size of dwelling in square meters; sharing rooms with other persons/other families; sharing kitchen, rooms (number of rooms), with how many persons; total size of shared rooms in square meters; central heating in dwelling; running water in dwelling; dwelling type; year started to live in dwelling; kind of premises where household lives; owner of premises; relationship with owner; way how present owner obtained premises. 13. Income and household equipment: Sources of income: Old age pension or disability pension, old age farm pension or disability farm pension, general pension, child care benefit, alimony or stipend, casual jobs, farming, lease, hire or sale, family business, work in state-owned firms, work in private firm/farm (not belonging to family), total average monthly income of household, person who earns the highest income in household: age, education, occupation category; person outside the household supports household with money, household gives someone outside the household money, household has enough money to cover all necessary basic expenditures; first, second, third unsatisfied need; characteristics of household finances. 14. Spending and pricing: Average monthly spending on food; average monthly spending on cultural items; spending on food if income increased by half; spending on cultural items if income increased by half; spending on food if income doubled; spending on cultural items if income doubled; worth of furniture in dwelling. 15. Durable goods: Household equipment (year bought): black and white TV, colour TV, refrigerator, freezer, washing machine, radio, record player, tape recorder, video player, calculator, computer, piano, musical instruments for kids, telephone; estimated value of all items in household; number of books in apartment; household is in the possession of car (make/year); household is in the possession of second car (make/year); household bought item with coupon or allotment; first to third item bought with coupon or allotment; household bought item with foreign currency; first to third item bought with foreign currency; someone in household own additional home; abroad in last five years; number of journeys in last five years; number of weeks spend abroad in last five years; assessment of material situation of household; preference for higher prices and better access or lower prices on more difficulties getting goods, daily routine of respondent; general opinions and statements about income differences in society; public aid for access to education for children of poor people; job providing through state. 16. Important issues in life: Importance of spheres in respondent’s life: home, work, free time, friends, religion, politics, public life. 17. Religion: Catholic Church member; church affiliation; church attendance; praying outside the church; church attendance in age of fourteen. 18. Chances of success in life: Criteria for achieving success in life: ambition, networks, hard work, political connections, coming from a rich family, good education, luck, inherited ability and talent. 19. Education: Elementary school in village or city; last school attended; respondent passed elementary, lower vocational, secondary vocational, secondary comprehensive, post secondary vocational, higher level, higher level with diploma; first elementary school: respondent completed school, type of school, next school, time between last elementary and next school; last elementary school: type of school, day school, respondent completed school, next school, time between last elementary and next school; first lower vocational school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school, time between first lower vocational school and next school; last lower vocational school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school, time between last lower vocational school and next school; first secondary vocational school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school, time between first secondary vocational school and next school; last secondary vocational school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school, time between last secondary vocational school and next school; first secondary comprehensive school: previous school, day school, type of school, respondent completed school, next school, time between first secondary comprehensive school and next school; last secondary comprehensive school: previous school, day school, type of school, respondent completed school, next school, time between last secondary comprehensive school and next school; first post secondary vocational school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school, time between first post secondary vocational school and next school; last post secondary vocational school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school, time between last post secondary vocational school and next school; first higher school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school, time between first higher school and next school; last higher school: previous school, day school, type of school, subject, respondent completed school, next school; higher school with diploma: type of school, subject, respondent completed school. 20. Organisational membership: Membership in youth organization; first to third youth organization: membership, organization-function; membership in ZMS (Union of Socialist Youth); membership in ZMW (Union of Peasant Youth); membership and function in PZPR (United Workers´ Party), ZSL (United Peasants´ Party), SD (Democratic Party); year joined in PZPR, ZSL or SD; year left PZPR, ZSL or SD; trade union membership; member of other organizations; first to third additional organization: membership; first to second additional organization: organization-function; casual job: Polish SKZ occupational classification, main job activities, job is compatible with main job. 21. Farmers: Main job on farm; someone in respondents’ household gets income from farm; additional job on farm; total size of farmland; classification of arable land; in farm buildings: running water, electricity, horses (number), tractors (number), additional machines; equipment on farm: broad thresher, seeder, corn harvester, mover, digger, baler, combine harvester, beet harvester, delivery van, electric motor, combustion engine, flat bed trailer, manure sow, fertilizer spreader, insecticide sprayer, potato planter, potato combine, press, steamer, other farming machines; person in household with farming education; kind of diploma in farming, number of workers on farm, income from farm in 1986. 22. Current work: Polish SKZ occupational classification.Beschreibung der Sozialstruktur und deren Wandel durch den post-kommunistischen Transformationsprozess in Polen Hauptthemen der Studie sind: 1. Arbeits- und Lebenssituation 2. Konfliktursachen 3. Meinungen zur Gesellschaft 4. Familie 5. Freundschaften 6. Meinungen zur Arbeit 7. Kontakt zu Institutionen und Einrichtungen 8. Wohnsituation 1 9. Meinung zu Berufe und Einkommen 10. Intergenerationenvergleich 11. Haushalt 12. Wohnsituation 2 13. Einkommen und Haushaltsausstattung 14. Ausgaben 15. Gebrauchsgüter 16. Wichtigkeit von Lebensbereichen 17. Religion 18. Wege zum Erfolg im Leben 19. Bildung 20. Mitgliedschaft in Organisationen 21. Landwirte 22. Aktuelle Tätigkeit 1. Arbeits- und Lebenssituation: Befragter ist aktuell erwerbstätig; Einkommensarten; Befragter war jemals erwerbstätig; aufgehört zu arbeiten (Jahr); Art der Landwirtschaft; Eigentumsverhältnisse der Landwirtschaft; letzte Erwerbstätigkeit Berufsklassifikation SKZ (polnisch); Führungsposition; Art des Unternehmens; Klassifizierung des Unternehmens in Wirtschaftssektoren (KGN); Arbeitsbereich im Unternehmen; Befragter arbeitet in der materiellen Produktion; Befragter arbeitet in einem Privatunternehmen; Beginn der aktuellen Tätigkeit (Jahr); leitende Position; Anzahl an Untergebenen; Position auf der Führungsebene; Beginn der Arbeit in der aktuellen beruflichen Stellung (Jahr); Eigentümerstatus des Befragten bezüglich des Unternehmen, in dem Befragter arbeitet; frühere Tätigkeit bei einem anderen Unternehmen; Zeitdauer der Beschäftigung im anderen Unternehmen (Jahre/Monate); frühere Tätigkeit: andere ausgeübte Tätigkeit vor aktueller Tätigkeit, Berufsklassifikation SKZ (polnisch), Befragter arbeitete in der materiellen Produktion, Arbeitsdauer in dieser Tätigkeit (Jahre/Monate), Ende der Tätigkeit (Jahr); frühere berufliche Stellung: berufliche Stellung des Befragten vor aktueller Tätigkeit; Befragter arbeitete in der materiellen Produktion; Dauer der Tätigkeit in beruflicher Stellung (Jahre/Monate); erste Tätigkeit: Alter des Befragten bei Beginn erster Tätigkeit, Berufsklassifikation SKZ (polnisch), Führungsposition, Vergleich mit letzter Tätigkeit Berufsklassifikation SKZ (polnisch), Befragter arbeitete in der materiellen Produktion, Unternehmen gehört Befragten oder seiner Familie; aktuelle Tätigkeit: Belastung durch Arbeit, wöchentliche Arbeitszeit nach Vertrag, Art der Tätigkeit (Vollzeit/halbe Stelle), tatsächliche wöchentliche Arbeitszeit, Möglichkeit das Telefon auf Arbeit für private Angelegenheiten nutzen zu können, Möglichkeit den Arbeitsplatz für 30 Minuten verlassen zu können, Möglichkeit für private Ange