Análise da repercussão da maternidade na adolescência sobre a escolaridade: estudo retrospectivo

Objetivo. Analisar a repercussão da maternidade durante a adolescência sobre a escolaridade das mulheres entre 40 e 59 anos de idade. Método. Estudo transversal, analítico e de coorte retrospectivo, envolvendo 576 participantes, que foram submetidas a uma entrevista semiestruturada. Metade das mulheres foi mãe durante a adolescência e a outra metade experimentou a maternidade somente após esse período. Os dados foram analisados pelo software aplicativo IBM SPSS, versão 20, que inclui o teste do qui-quadrado (X2) e o teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados. O percentual de conclusão do ensino básico entre as mulheres que engravidaram durante a adolescência foi 15,3%. As mulheres que engravidaram somente após a adolescência conseguiram um percentual de conclusão do ensino básico de 41,3%. Conclusão. A gravidez/maternidade durante a adolescência mostrou ser um fator impeditivo para conclusão do ensino básico

Differential manifestation of teacher self-efficacy in Brazilian university professors in the health area

Self-efficacy has occupied the research space due to the relevance it holds as an explanatory mechanism of human performance to understand the characteristics of the population, the study analyzed the differentiation of beliefs of self-efficacy of university professors who teach in the health area according to gender, marital status, age, seniority at work, religion and training graduate academic. A cross sectional and quantitative study was attended by 189 university professors working in a private university in northeastern Brazil. The differentiation indicate that Women perceive themselves more self-effective in the elaboration of didactic strategies to favor interaction in class; older teachers consider themselves more effective in didactic strategies for the planning of classes and postdoctoral teachers stood out for the higher sense of self-efficacy regarding didactic strategies for class planning, didactic strategies to actively implicate students and didactic strategies to favor interaction in class. Self-efficacy as an explanatory mechanism of human performance is determinant and therefore it is important to be enhanced in university professors for the pursuit of a higher quality of teaching-learning of future health professionals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sensitivity of embryos related to the pneumonia associated with the ventilation mechanics

Objective: To analyze the prevalence of germs related pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation and their sensitivities profiles. Methods: descriptive epidemiological study, with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 99 patients using mechanical ventilation in two intensive care units in a public and teaching hospital in the municipality of Teresina-Piauí. The data were collected by means of a form in the months of January and February 2009, statistically processed and presented in the form of tables. Results: The most prevalent pathogens were: Klebsiella spp (40,40%); Bacillus Gram-Negativo non-fermentor (24,24%); Staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa (17,17%). There was a higher bacterial susceptibility to imipenem (76,77%), meropenem (72,73%) and cefepime (58,59%). Conclusion: Appropriate therapy and prevention strategies reduce the prevalence rates of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation and the emergence of microbial resistance

Resilience, daily spiritual experience and self-efficacy of the university teachers: differentiation according to postgraduate training

The required training of university teachers has been increasingly affected by changes in world politics, a product of globalization that is giving new profiles to the world of work. This study analyzes the differential perceptions of resilience, daily spiritual experience and self-efficacy of Brazilian university lecturers based on postgraduate academic training. For this reason, a quantitative and cross-sectional study is presented with the participation of 189 lecturers from a private university in the northeast of Brazil. The representations of the participants were evaluated from the answers given to the scales of resilience, daily spiritual experience and self-efficacy of the university lecturers, depending on the postgraduate training. An analysis of the differences based on graduate training suggests that graduate lecturers perceive themselves to be more resilient than their non-doctoral and doctoral peers; that non-doctoral university professors perceive a greater acceptance of life than doctorates; there was no significant differentiation in everyday spiritual experience; Postdoctoral university professors stand out for feeling greater self-efficacy in relation to didactic strategies for lesson planning, didactic strategies to actively involve students, and didactic strategies to promote interaction in the classroom. It is concluded that postgraduate training influences the representations of university professors about the way in which they face the adversities of daily work and how they evaluate their teaching self efficacy. It follows that the promotion of postgraduate training of university professors is of utmost importance, specifically at the postdoctoral level, since this variable can become a determining factor in the quality of the service provided by the university.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Capacitação do familiar cuidador na adesão à prevenção e ao controle da hipertensão arterial

Objetivo: Analisar o impacto de uma tecnologia educativa em saúde na capacitação do familiar cuidador no controle da hipertensão arterial e na prevenção do risco deste agravo. Métodos: Pesquisa participante com a aplicação de uma Tecnologia Educativa em Saúde (TES) – Capacitação do familiar cuidador na adesão à prevenção e/ou controle da hipertensão arterial, com um grupo de oito familiares cuidadores (FC), de um Serviço de Assistência Domiciliar de um hospital público de Fortaleza, Ceará, realizada entre julho e outubro de 2016. Resultados: Na primeira entrevista, observou-se que os FC revelaram algum conhecimento sobre hipertensão arterial (HA), modo de descoberta ou diagnóstico, fatores de risco, cronicidade e risco/gravidade. Após a aplicação da TES, ocorreu a apreensão do conhecimento acerca das condutas de controle da HA e de prevenção dos seus fatores de risco, embora de modo irregular sob os aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos em todas as condutas. As experiências vivenciadas pelos FC com a TES emergiram vários significados: incentivo para o autocuidado e para o cuidado do familiar; emponderamento para o cuidado; valorização da saúde; e adoção de hábitos saudáveis. Conclusão: A aplicação da TES com os familiares cuidadores promoveu o envolvimento no autocuidado, no cuidado na família e na comunidade, difundindo o saber construído

Tecnologia Educativa para capacitação de familiares cuidadores de adultos mais velhos dependentes

Background and Aim: Caring for dependent older adults at home is an increasingly frequent reality in today's ageing society, resulting in the need to provide careers with the skills and knowledge which were not traditionally part of the family realm. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of an Educational Technology in the training process of careers of dependent older adults at home. Method: Participants were 12 family caregivers who accompanied older adults admitted to a reference hospital in trauma, located in Fortaleza-Ceará-Brazil, a month after returning home. Eight family caregivers reported previous experience caring for older adults at home, and four revealed to have a superficial knowledge of the matter. This was a qualitative study based on action research through the creation, application and assessment of an educational program. The Educational Technology built for this purpose was based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs and the assumptions of health education. Results: Knowledge acquisition mediated by the application of Educational Technology led to changes in providing basic human needs of older adults' in-home care, namely the understanding of the ageing process, adaptation of the physical environment, nutritional adequacy, tolerance, autonomy and family involvement. Conclusions: The use of Educational Technology had an impact on the praxis of the family caregiver through the supply of the basic human needs of the older person being cared for. This tool emerges as a useful complement to strengthen the abilities of the informal caregiver of the dependent older adult.Contexto e Objetivo: Cuidar de adultos mais velhos dependentes no domicílio é uma realidade cada vez mais frequente na atual sociedade envelhecida, advindo daí a necessidade de dotar os cuidadores com práticas e saberes que, tradicionalmente, não estavam nos domínios das famílias. Esta investigação tem como objetivo analisar a eficácia de uma Tecnologia Educativa na capacitação de familiares cuidadores de adultos mais velhos dependentes em ambiente domiciliar. Métodos: Participaram 12 familiares cuidadores que acompanharam adultos mais velhos internados numa instituição hospitalar de referência em traumas, situada em Fortaleza-Ceará-Brasil, um mês após o retorno ao domicílio. Tratou-se de um estudo qualitativo assente na investigação-ação mediante construção, aplicação e avaliação de uma tecnologia educativa (TE). A TE construída para o efeito, teve por base a Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas de Maslow e os pressupostos da educação para a saúde. Resultados: Oito familiares cuidadores relataram a experiência prévia no cuidado aos adultos mais velhos no domicílio e quatro revelaram um conhecimento superficial sobre o cuidar. A aquisição de conhecimento mediado pela aplicação da TE conduziu à ocorrência de mudanças no atendimento às necessidades humanas básicas de adultos mais velhos no cuidado domiciliar, designadamente, compreensão do processo de envelhecimento, adaptação do ambiente físico, adequação da alimentação, tolerância, resgate da autonomia e envolvimento da família. Conclusões: A aplicação da TE teve impacto na práxis do familiar cuidador, materializado no suprimento das necessidades básicas humanas da pessoa idosa cuidada. Esta ferramenta, desponta como complemento útil para o reforço das competências do cuidador informal do adulto mais velho dependente

Assistance Network and Morbi-Mortality Pattern Of Hypertension in a Metropolitan area Of Northeast Brazil

The aim of this study is to know the assistance network and the morbimortality pattern of hypertension in a metropolitan area. A search was performed in the government platforms to determine the assistance network for patients with hypertension in the city of Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil. We have reviewed the database in the period from 2010 to 2014 to investigate the hospital admissions and deaths due to hypertension and its related diseases. 23,709 patients are registered with diagnosis of hypertension. Primary care is given in 92 health centers, and the specialized care is provided in 112 units. Tertiary attention is given in 4 reference hospitals. Hypertension was the main cause of death in 67 patients admitted in that period, and cardiovascular diseases were responsible for 7,955 deaths. The assistance network for hypertension is well structured in this city, but due to the increasing population there is need to expand this networ