Economic links between Russia and China: from cross-border to interregional cooperation (the case of Sverdlovsk region and Heilongjiang province)

The article considers major trends in the cooperation between Russia and China on the regional level. China is one of Russia’s main trade partners, which makes it particularly important to enhance the efficiency of this relationship on the national as well as on the regional level. Considering the dynamics of international integration processes, the authors analyze how the role of cross-border and interregional cooperation is changing over time, paying special attention to those regions that are remote from each other. The article focuses on the case of Sverdlovsk region and Heilongjiang province. The available data demonstrate the diversity of the existing trade and other relations between these industrial regions and enable the authors to characterize the institutional framework for this cooperation, its key priorities and problems. A general overview of the current and prospective joint projects is also provided. The authors compare economic specialization, systems of settlement, the level of urbanization of Sverdlovsk region and Heilongjiang province and draw a conclusion that the economies of these regions are complementary. The article also points out that it is essential to consider the long-term effects of Eurasian integration projects and to assess the positive and negative impacts of the Belt and Road Initiative on Sverdlovsk region in order to identify priorities for the region’s foreign policy

Оценка экономической безопасности в уральском регионе в контексте развития малых и средних предприятий

Enhancing economic security of regions is crucial for the development of the whole country, which is what makes research in this sphere particularly important. This study aims to analyze and compare the economic security data on the regions constituting the Ural Federal District (Russia). In contrast with current studies in the field, we are conducting detailed analysis of the factors that affect the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and business climate in the regions. The conceptual framework of this research relies on entrepreneurship theories and theoretical approaches to analysis and evaluation of regional economic security. We develop methodology based on sets of quantitative and qualitative indicators and apply analytical, comparative and statistical methods as well as the method of expert evaluation. The data are provided by the regional statistic services and business support foundations. We also analyze regional support programs for small and medium-sized businesses. We found that all regions of the Ural Federal District are characterized by the medium (acceptable) level of economic security and moderate risk. In the economic security ranking, Tyumen region is at the top while the second place is occupied by Sverdlovsk region; Chelyabinsk and Kurgan regions are at the bottom.Укрепление экономической безопасности регионов имеет важное значение для развития всей страны, что делает исследования в этой сфере крайне важными. Данное исследование направлено на анализ и сравнение данных экономической безопасности в регионах, входящих в Уральский федеральный округ (Россия). В отличие от текущих исследований в данной области, мы провели детальный анализ факторов, влияющих на развитие малых и средних предприятий (МСП) и делового климата в регионах. Концептуальные рамки этого исследования основаны на теориях предпринимательства и теоретических подходах к анализу и оценке региональной экономической безопасности. Мы разработали методологию на основе наборов количественных и качественных показателей и применили аналитические, сравнительные и статистические методы, а также метод экспертной оценки. Данные предоставлены региональными службами статистики и поддержки бизнеса. Мы также анализируем региональные программы поддержки малого и среднего бизнеса. Мы обнаружили, что все регионы Уральского федерального округа характеризуются средним (приемлемым) уровнем экономической безопасности и умеренным риском. В рейтинге экономической безопасности Тюменская область находится на вершине, а второе место занимает Свердловская область; Челябинская и Курганская области находятся внизу

Legal and Administrative Foundations of Police Activity in Social Order Protection and Public Security

The article deals with the problems of activities organization of a divisional inspector of police in effectuation of administrative supervision. The authors consider the issues in exposure at administrative stations of the persons who do not comply with administrative restrictions and evade the duties established by administrative supervision as well as preventive measures of corresponding administrative violations of law are considered

The Regional Seal of the Sverdlovsk Region as a Historical Source

Районная печать развивалась на протяжении нескольких лет. В зависимости от определенного периода тематика материалов отличалась. Поскольку в СССР пресса находилась под жесткой цензурой, районные газеты также занимались агитацией и пропагандой. Однако на разворотах такой прессы можно было увидеть и немало статье о истории района.The district press has been developing for several years. Depending on a certain period, the subject matter of the materials differed. Since the press was heavily censored in the USSR, district newspapers were also engaged in agitation and propaganda. However, on the spreads of such a press, one could also see a lot of articles about the history of the district

Experience in implementing the European Union’s regional investment policy to attract foreign direct investments

The article reviews the investment policy of the Eurozone regions in relation to foreign direct investments (hereinafter-FDI). A quantitative assessment of FDI in the global aspect and at the level of the European Union has been given. It has been determined that both global FDI flows and at the level of the EU economy decreased at the end of 2018. The rating of the Eurozone countries by the level of FDI for 2018, the leaders of which are Germany, Ireland and France, is given. The FDI market by type of economic activity has been analysed. It has been revealed that a large share of the market is made up of sales and marketing (up to 40%) and production sector (up to 30%). In more detail the trends in the investment policy of those countries that recorded a sharp growth or a sharp decline in FDI have been highlighted, namely, France, Germany, Spain, Belgium, Poland and Ireland. The main factors that negatively affect the investment situation in the European Union have been emphasized, including: General political instability, threats of global protectionism, high levels of public debt in a number of countries, fiscal reform and US economic policy, and others.At the end, taking into account the current problems in the EU, recommendations have been formulated to activate the investment policy in the field of FDI at the level of this regional Association, aimed at promoting its socio-economic development. The main focus of investment policy development in the EU countries should be on aspects that promote macroeconomic and political stability, create a favorable business environment and create a reliable legal framework. In addition, it is extremely important to carry out structural reforms in the financial sector: to reduce the budget deficit and public debt in a number of countries. In conclusion, it is emphasized that by implementing an investment policy in accordance with the current needs of the Eurozone economy, it is possible to reduce the gap in the development of European regions and create an integrative and stronger economic Union

Monitoring and forecasting the development of local food systems : a case study

The motivation of this research is the need to explore the role of a local food system in solving the problem of food security. The article develops the methods for analyzing the current state of a food system and forecasting the future development of food markets. The methods and techniques have been tested for the food system in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The current trends in food supply chains in specific sectors (potatoes and vegetables, meat and milk, eggs and cereal products) have been highlighted for this region. The problems and the possible solutions have been identified. The medium-term and long-term consumption prospects offer opportunities for an in-depth study of the promising areas in the food industry of the region.peer-reviewe

Financial Income and Expenses of Collective Farmers of the Molotov Region in the First Post-War Five Years (1946—1950)

The issues related to the financial income and expenses of the families of collective farmers in the Molotov region are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the public interest shown in the study of various aspects of  the material living conditions of the population. The scientific novelty of the work is seen in the fact that previously unpublished archival materials stored in the Russian State Archive of Economics (RSAE) are introduced into circulation. The results of a comparative analysis of the average per capita financial income of collective farmers in the Molotov region and other territories of the Ural region are presented. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the tables presented by the author containing numerical data on the topic of the article. It is stated that the progressive improvement of the quality of the material living conditions of citizens today is one of the priority goals of the policy of any state that positions itself as social. Attention is focused on the fact that in the first post-war five years, the income of collective farmers was influenced by two main factors: the consequences of the Second World War and the attitude of the authorities to the collective farm peasantry. It is proved that the incomes of collective farmers in the Molotov region were lower than those of collective farmers in the economically more developed Sverdlovsk region, but were quite comparable with the incomes of collective farmers in other regions of the Urals

Phenological assessment of early-maturing soybean accessions (<i>Glycine max</i> (L.) Merr.) under the conditions of Moscow Province

Background. The range of early-maturing cultivars suitable for the Non-Black-Earth Zone of the Russian Federation (RF) is extremely limited. The main method of finding sources of earliness for crop production and breeding is the evaluation of the gene pool under the required conditions.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 81 soybean accessions from the VIR collection, precharacterized as early-ripening under the conditions of Northwest Russia. The studies were carried out in 2018–2020 as field trials under the conditions of Moscow Province.Results. Soybean accessions were characterized by the duration of the emergence-to-flowering (37–53 days), flowering-to-ripening (50–85 days) and emergence-to-ripening (81–130 days) periods. The extreme ripening dates for the accessions were observed from August 20 to October 5, while the maximum duration from emergence to ripening was from 93 to 139 days. The highest sum of active temperatures above 10°C for a growing season ranged from 1642 to 2189°C. Most of the studied accessions were characterized by a short emergence-to-flowering period. Therefore, the differences among accessions in the duration of the growing season were mainly due to the different lengths of their flowering-to-ripening period.Conclusion. Soybean seeds should ripen no later than the first 10 days of September for a stable harvest under the weather conditions of the Russian Non-Black-Earth Zone. There were 32 accessions from breeding centers of the RF, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S. that met these requirements during the three years of observations. The selected accessions demonstrated a short emergence-to-flowering period of 37–48 days, and the length of their flowering-to-ripening period of 50–66 days, on average for three years. They can be used as sources of earliness in soybean breeding

Mast Cells Reaction to Introduction of Iron Carbon Nanoparticles

In this study, we have identified the response of mast cells of the liver, lungs, heart, thymus, kidneys and skin to the introduction of iron-carbon nanoparticles in the modification of FeC (with the structure of "nucleus-(Fe)-carbon membrane"). The study showed that the liver reacts first to the introduction of nanoparticles on the 1st day of experiment. Mast cells activation in the lungs and heart occurs оn the 7th day after introduction. Mast cells of the thymus and skin are activated on the 30th day of experiment. Mast cells of the kidney do not react to the introduction of iron-carbon nanoparticles.Работа посвящена изучению реакции тучных клеток печени, легких, сердца, тимуса, почек и кожи на введение железоуглеродных наночастиц в модификации FeC (со структурой "ядро-(Fe)-углеродная оболочка"). Исследование показало, что первой на введение наночастиц реагирует печень уже на 1 сутки после введения. На 7 сутки происходит активация тучных клеток легких и сердца. На 30 сутки активируются тучные клетки тимуса и кожи. Тучные клетки почек никак не реагируют на введение железоуглеродных наночастиц

MODELING OF THE DEFORMATION OF MAGNESIUM BY MOLECULAR DYNAMICS METHOD

Проведено атомистическое моделирование деформации идеального кристалла магния вдоль кристаллографической оси 11 20 , а также показано влияние его дефектности на процесс деградации структуры. Зарождение дислокаций происходит от свободной поверхности кристалла, велико количество задействованных деформационных мод, среди которых базисное скольжение, 10 13 – двойникование. Выявлено образование сеток в габитусной плоскости. Предлагаются дислокационные реакции, описывающие эволюцию дислокаций в габитусной плоскости.Atomistic simulation of deformation of a perfect crystal of magnesium along the crystallographic axis 1120 was carried out, and the influence of defects on the degradation process was shown. It is shown that dislocation nucleation occurs from the surface of the crystal. There are large number of active deformation modes, among which the basal glide and 10 13 – twinning. The formation of nets in habitus plane was revealed. Dislocation reactions describing the evolution of dislocations in habitus plane were offered.Авторы благодарят РФФИ (грант 16-33-60027 мол_а_дк). Расчеты проводились на суперкомпьютере ИММ УрО РАН «УРАН»