11,027 research outputs found
Pushing towards the Limit of Sampling Rate: Adaptive Chasing Sampling
Measurement samples are often taken in various monitoring applications. To
reduce the sensing cost, it is desirable to achieve better sensing quality
while using fewer samples. Compressive Sensing (CS) technique finds its role
when the signal to be sampled meets certain sparsity requirements. In this
paper we investigate the possibility and basic techniques that could further
reduce the number of samples involved in conventional CS theory by exploiting
learning-based non-uniform adaptive sampling.
Based on a typical signal sensing application, we illustrate and evaluate the
performance of two of our algorithms, Individual Chasing and Centroid Chasing,
for signals of different distribution features. Our proposed learning-based
adaptive sampling schemes complement existing efforts in CS fields and do not
depend on any specific signal reconstruction technique. Compared to
conventional sparse sampling methods, the simulation results demonstrate that
our algorithms allow less number of samples for accurate signal
reconstruction and achieve up to smaller signal reconstruction error
under the same noise condition.Comment: 9 pages, IEEE MASS 201
Localization of gauge vector field on flat branes with five-dimension (asymptotic) AdS spacetime
In order to localize gauge vector field on Randall-Sundrum-like
braneworld model with infinite extra dimension, we propose a new kind of
non-minimal coupling between the gauge field and the gravity. We propose
three kinds of coupling methods and they all support the localization of zero
mode. In addition, one of them can support the localization of massive modes.
Moreover, the massive tachyonic modes can be excluded. And our method can be
used not only in the thin braneword models but also in the thick ones.Comment: Added acknowledgments to the refree. Appeared on JHE
Delivery of MicroRNA with CXCR4-Targeted Nanoparticles in Metastatic Cancer Treatment
Metastasis is the main contributor to cancer-associated deaths. Inhibition of CXCR4 emerged as one promising approach in metastatic cancer therapy. MiRNAs represent a new class of therapeutics for cancer treatment through RNA interference-mediated gene silencing. Polymeric CXCR4 antagonist (PCX) is a dual-functional polycation to inhibit CXCR4 and deliver nucleic acids. This dissertation hypothesized that blockade of CXCR4 by PCX combined with delivery of miRNA cooperatively enhances metastatic cancer therapy.
In chapter 1, an overview of CXCR4 inhibition, miRNA delivery and CXCR4 targeted nanomedicine in cancer therapy is given.
Chapter 2 reports that PCX can effectively deliver miR-200c mimic and that the combination treatment consisting of PCX and miR-200c results in cooperative antimigration activity by coupling the CXCR4 blockade with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition inhibition in the cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells. The ability of the combined PCX/miR-200c treatment to obstruct two migratory pathways represents a promising antimetastatic strategy in CCA.
Chapter 3 describes that blockade of CXCR4 by PCX combined with the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible miR-210 can cooperatively enhance therapeutic efficacy in CCA. PCX had a broad inhibitory effect on cell migration, effectively delivered anti-miR-210, and downregulated miR-210 expression in CCA cells. PCX/anti-miR-210 nanoparticles showed cytotoxic activity towards CCA cells and reduced cancer stem-like cells. The nanoparticles reversed hypoxia-induced drug resistance and sensitized CCA cells to gemcitabine and cisplatin combination treatment. Systemic treatment with the nanoparticles in CCA xenograft model resulted in prominent combined antitumor activity.
In chapter 4, PCX effectively delivered both siKRAS and miR-210 inhibitor into pancreatic cancer (PC) cells and induced combined cell killing effect. IP injection of nanoparticles targeted to orthotopic PC tumor. The IP injected combination nanoparticles achieved improved survival in KPC-derived mice through inhibition both primary tumor growth and metastasis. The nanoparticles represent a promising dual-function delivery platform for siRNA/miRNA codelivery and provide safe and effective nanomedicines for metastatic PC therapy.
Results of this thesis and future directions are given in Chapter 5
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