242 research outputs found
Vector Dark Matter Detection using the Quantum Jump of Atoms
The hidden sector U(1) vector bosons created from inflationary fluctuations
can be a substantial fraction of dark matter if their mass is around
eV. The creation mechanism makes the vector bosons' energy spectral
density very high. Therefore, the dark electric dipole
transition rate in atoms is boosted if the energy gap between atomic states
equals the mass of the vector bosons. By using the Zeeman effect, the energy
gap between the 2S state and the 2P state in hydrogen atoms or hydrogen like
ions can be tuned. The state can be populated with electrons due to its
relatively long life, which is about s. When the energy gap between the
semi-ground state and the 2P state matches the mass of the cosmic vector
bosons, induced transitions occur and the 2P state subsequently decays into the
1S state. The decay emitted Lyman- photons can then be
registered. The choices of target atoms depend on the experimental facilities
and the mass ranges of the vector bosons. Because the mass of the vector boson
is connected to the inflation scale, the proposed experiment may provide a
probe to inflation.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; references added; matches version published in
PL
Probe Dark Matter Axions using the Hyperfine Structure Splitting of Hydrogen Atoms
The cosmological axions can be a substantial part of dark matter if their PQ
scale GeV and mass eV. Because the axions were
created from the misalignment mechanism, their energy spectral density is
large. The axion induced atomic transitions consequently are boosted if the
atomic energy gap matches with the axion mass. The hyperfine splitting between
the spin 0 singlet ground state and the spin 1 triplet state of hydrogen is
eV, which is close to the mass of dark matter axions. With
some additional adjustment by the Zeeman effect, quantum transitions could be
induced between these states. Since the total spin of the triplet and the
singlet differs one, the axion induced transitions might be countable with a
Stern-Gerlach apparatus.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; discussions extended; some typos fixed;
references adde
Broadband Dark Matter Axion Detection using a Cylindrical Capacitor
The cosmological axions/axion-like particles can compose a significant part
of dark matter, however the uncertainty of their mass is large. Here we propose
to search the axions using a cylindrical capacitor, in which the static
electric field converts dark matter axions into an oscillating magnetic field.
Using a static electric field can greatly reduce the magnetic field background
compared to using the field that the thermal current in the
magnet-coil could be hard to annihilate. A cylindrical setup shields the
electric field to the laboratory as well as encompasses the axion induced
magnetic field within the capacitor, which results an increased magnetic field
strength. The induced oscillating magnetic field then can be picked up by a
SQUID-based magnetic-meter. Adding a superconductor ring-coil system into the
induced magnetic field region can further boost the sensitivity and maintain
the axion dark matter inherent bandwidth. The proposed setup is capable of a
wide mass range searches as the signal can also be modulated by adjusting the
angle between the electric field and the axion flow.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
The Minimal UV-induced Effective QCD Axion Theory
The characteristic axion couplings could be generated via effective couplings
between the Standard Model (SM) fermions to a pseudo-Goldstone from a
high-scale Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry breaking. Assuming that the
UV-induced effective operators generate necessary couplings before the PQ
symmetry breaking, and any low-scale couplings to the SM are restricted to the
Yukawa sector, three minimal natural scenarios can be formulated, which
provides a connection between the QCD-axions and mediators at the GUT/string
scales. We find that the PQ symmetry breaking scale could be about
GeV, higher than the classical QCD dark matter axion window but possible if the
anthropic window is considered. We also propose an experiment to probe such
scenarios. If the dark matter axion is discovered, they might suggest that we
live in an atypical Hubble volume.Comment: 4 page
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