24,344 research outputs found
Correlations and Scaling Laws in Human Mobility
Human mobility patterns deeply affect the dynamics of many social systems. In
this paper, we empirically analyze the real-world human movements based GPS
records, and observe rich scaling properties in the temporal-spatial patterns
as well as an abnormal transition in the speed-displacement patterns. We notice
that the displacements at the population level show significant positive
correlation, indicating a cascade-like nature in human movements. Furthermore,
our analysis at the individual level finds that the displacement distributions
of users with strong correlation of displacements are closer to power laws,
implying a relationship between the positive correlation of the series of
displacements and the form of an individual's displacement distribution. These
findings from our empirical analysis show a factor directly relevant to the
origin of the scaling properties in human mobility.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Implications of Fermi-LAT observations on the origin of IceCube neutrinos
The IceCube (IC) collaboration recently reported the detection of TeV-PeV
extraterrestrial neutrinos whose origin is yet unknown. By the photon-neutrino
connection in and interactions, we use the \fermi-LAT
observations to constrain the origin of the IC detected neutrinos. We find that
Galactic origins, i.e., the diffuse Galactic neutrinos due to cosmic ray (CR)
propagation in the Milky Way, and the neutrinos from the Galactic point
sources, may not produce the IC neutrino flux, thus these neutrinos should be
of extragalactic origin. Moreover, the extragalactic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)
may not account for the IC neutrino flux, the jets of active galactic nuclei
may not produce the IC neutrino spectrum, but the starburst galaxies (SBGs) may
be promising sources. As suggested by the consistency between the IC detected
neutrino flux and the Waxman-Bahcall bound, GRBs in SBGs may be the sources of
both the ultrahigh energy, eV, CRs and the ~PeV CRs that
produce the IC detected TeV-PeV neutrinos.Comment: JCAP accepted version; 8 pages, 2 figs; discussion on blazar origin
added; conclusion unchange
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