Lost in Warsaw: The subversion of multilingual humour in the Italian subtitles to the Polish war comedy Giuseppe in Warsaw (1964)

In 1964, many decades before multilingual movies have become fashionable, a Polish director, Stanisław Lenartowicz, made a war comedy called "Giuseppe in Warsaw." It narrates the adventures of an Italian soldier who on his way home from the Russian front during World War II is stranded in Poland. Pseudo-language, translation, mistranslation, and mock translation figure conspicuously in the movie, which shows a series of clashes between Polish, German and Italian languages in the most improbable combinations. The original film used no subtitles, because the linguistic chaos was pivotal to showing the absurdity of the war through the deforming lenses of the comedy. This paper analyses various mechanisms of the multilingual humour in the original film and in its subtitled version in Italian, in order to see how the dynamics of humour change in the case of L3TT which becomes L2 in translation (Italian), especially when the point of the view of the audience is subverted and the viewers identify with the protagonist rather than the Polish characters in the movie

Sustaining Low Inflation in Ukraine

This publication presents the collection of papers written in 2004 within the project that aimed to broaden the knowledge about sources of inflation in Ukraine and indicate policies that can support low inflation in the future. While working on analyses of monetary policies and inflation, the authors used the experience of other transitional countries, Polish in particular. The project team1 hopes that the research gathered in this volume will contribute to the understanding of the sources of inflation in Ukraine and to the influence of monetary policy instruments on other variables. And that the results presented here can be of practical use for the National Bank of Ukraine.Ukraine, transition, monetary policy, inflation, core inflation, financial market, monetary transmission

Jak rozmawiać z kosmitami? Kilka uwag o tłumaczeniu lektorskim telewizyjnych filmów fantastyczno-naukowych (na przykładzie ‘Star Trek’),

Within the relatively new field of audiovisual translation studies, voice-over has been given very little attention and very little credit, even in Poland, where it is used extensively in TV translation of motion pictures. Similarly, the science-fiction film genre – especially its television form – is usually treated with some contempt and considered not worthy of serious research, except for sociological reasons. The two main issues discussed in this paper are: firstly, the ontological status of the s-f film, the specificity and function of its language and the general problems of its translation; secondly, the weaknesses and strengths of Polish voice-over practice, illustrated by the analysis of various Star Trek translations and compared with its dubbed and subtitled versions. The examination of the film material leads to the conclusion that, in spite of the negative evaluation of voice-over by scholars, this translation practice has some potential. If fully exploited, it could offer a valid alternative to dubbing and subtitling techniques

Raccontare la Polonia del secondo dopoguerra ai ragazzi. Le traduzioni italiane dei romanzi di Janusz Domagalik, Irena Jurgielewicz e Hanna Ożogowska

Explaining communist Poland to young readers. Italian translations of the novels by Janusz Domagalik, Irena Jurgielewicz and Janusz Domagalik. This essay examines Italian translations of three Polish novels for young adults, written and set in communist Poland of the 1960s. The analysis focuses on the problems related to the translation of the culture-specific elements of Polish reality in that historical period, almost completely unknown to the young readers in Italy. An in-depth contrastive study of the strategies applied by the translators takes into consideration different channels of the transfer from the source text to the target text. Ożogowska’s translation has been made directly from Polish by an Italian native speaker, Domagalik’s novel is a secondhand translation from German, and Jurgielewicz’s book has been translated into Italian twice: firstly by a tandem of a native Polish speaker and an Italian author of children’s books and later by a native Polish speaker without extensive translational practice. The comparison between the texts brings forward the importance of extratextual factors in the process of translatio

FRUSTRAÇÃO E ÊXTASE: SOBRE A LITERATURA POLONESA EM TRADUÇÃO NA VISÃO DE UM TRADUTOR, POPULARIZADOR E POLONISTA

O presente ensaio propõe breve reflexão sobre os mecanismos de tradução de obras literárias das chamadas “pequenas culturas”, tendo como exemplo a recepção da literatura polonesa na Itália. A análise diacrônica mostra como foi e permanece a falta de interesse dos editores em introduzir no mercado autores representantes de quase desconhecida cultura. Como resultado, a maioria das traduções do polonês foi fruto de iniciativas de pessoas comuns. Muitas traduções foram publicadas e ainda aparecem em pequenas editoras. A popularidade individual de determinados autores não resultou em despertar o interesse na literatura polonesa. No entanto, nas últimas décadas é possível vislumbrar mudanças, principalmente pelo surgimento de tradutores que traduzem diretamente do idioma polonês. O processo de globalização cultural e a circulação de informação fazem com que a Polônia deixe de ser percebida como um país distante e exótico e as obras de escritores poloneses, em especial os envolvidos em certos gêneros, atraiam com frequência a atenção dos editores italianos. Cada vez mais, a mídia possui um papel importante para promoção de certos escritores. Embora o aumento da presença da literatura polonesa no mercado editorial italiano seja quase exclusivamente limitado a obras contemporâneas, é positivo indicar o fato de que os tradutores desempenham um papel essencial e várias traduções surgem devido a paixão polonifílica deles.Tradução do resumo: Milena Woitovicz Cardos

„Il pianeta morto” e „La nebulosa di Magellano” di Lem: un esordio fantascientifico all’epoca del socialismo reale

Il saggio analizza i primi romanzi di fantascienza dello scrittore polacco Stanislaw Lem, soffermandosi in particolare sul condizionamento ideologico dei contenuti, dovuto al contesto politico in cui sno stati pubblicati

Mission impossibile del traduttore: rendere nel transfer della lingua la memoria storica nascosta nel lessico,

Il saggio analizza i problemi traduttivi legati al transfer dei significati culturali secondari codificati nel lessico di una data lingua

lncRNAs-EZH2 interaction as promising therapeutic target in cutaneous melanoma

Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. Despite a great improvement of diagnostics and treatment of melanoma patients, this disease is still a serious clinical problem. Therefore, novel druggable targets are in focus of research. EZH2 is a component of the PRC2 protein complex that mediates epigenetic silencing of target genes. Several mutations activating EZH2 have been identified in melanoma, which contributes to aberrant gene silencing during tumor progression. Emerging evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are molecular “address codes” for EZH2 silencing specificity, and targeting lncRNAs-EZH2 interaction may slow down the progression of many solid cancers, including melanoma. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the involvement of lncRNAs in EZH2-mediated gene silencing in melanoma. The possibility of blocking lncRNAs-EZH2 interaction in melanoma as a novel therapeutic option and plausible controversies and drawbacks of this approach are also briefly discussed

Traduzioni polacche della lirica italiana. Spaccato storico

Il testo presenta un panorama diacronico delle traduzioni polacche della lirica italiana e la ricezione della letteratura italiana in Polonia, dai tempi antichi fino ai nostri giorn

DNA Damage/Repair and Polymorphism of the hOGG1 Gene in Lymphocytes of AMD Patients

Oxidative stress is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We determined the extent of oxidative DNA damage and the kinetics of its removal as well as the genotypes of the Ser326Cys polymorphism of the hOGG1 gene in lymphocytes of 30 wet AMD patients and 30 controls. Oxidative DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and its repair were evaluated by the comet assay and DNA repair enzymes. We observed a higher extent of endogenous oxidative DNA damage and a lower efficacy of its repair in AMD patients as compared with the controls. We did not find any correlation between the extent of DNA damage and efficacy of DNA repair with genotypes of the Ser326Cys polymorphism. The results obtained suggest that oxidative DNA damage and inefficient DNA repair can be associated with AMD and the variability of the hOOG1 gene may not contribute to this association