ปัจจัยด้านแรงจูงใจในการเดินทางท่องเที่ยวของผู้สูงอายุในประเทศไทย

This study aimed to analyze several motivation factors related to travel activities of seniors or elderly people in Thailand, and to identify group variables of motivation to enhance the tourism poll. A total of 750 respondents were elderly Thai with the age above 60-year-old in Thailand. Data were analyzed using the Second-ordered Confirmatory Factor to determine the push and the pull factors that motivated the travel activities of the elders. The results of motivation factors shown that the value of chi-square was 801.909 with 218 degrees of freedom, p-value=0.0001, CFI=0.935, TLI=0.925, RMSEA=0.060 and SRMR=0.051. The model indicated that the motivation factors related to the travel activities of elderly people in Thailand were that (1) the push motivation composed of 3 factors: novelty and pursuit of knowledge, self-development and enhancement, and relaxation, (2) the pull motivation composed of 3 factors: natural and historic attractions, festival or events and shopping resources, travel and security, and weather atmosphere and climate. The results of the study could enhance in the development of tourism industry in planning, and to develop tourist attractions and suitable tourism arrangement for the elderly people, which can be applied by the Tourism Authority of Thailand

Exploring Passenger Loyalty and Related Factors for Urban Railways in Thailand

The research investigates the relationships among indicators related to the loyalty of urban railways passenger in Thailand at three routes, which consisted of BTS Sky train, MRT, and Airport Rail Link. The research instrument was 600 questionnaires, and the purpose was to study the indicators that affected perceived service quality and passenger loyalty by using structural equation modeling. The analysis of influence information that affects passenger loyalty revealed that trust, satisfaction, appreciation, cost of service changing, and relationships have an effect on passenger loyalty, statistically significant at 0.01. The satisfied variable was an important variable that affected passenger loyalty and was directly influenced by trust, appreciation, and perceived service quality. The perceived service quality was measured using 36 indicators and grouped into five complement groups, which were station, news, services, staffs, and vehicle, respectively. The research finding was that the cooperation concern with urban railway service can apply the result to the marketing development strategy to be a sustainable method of standardized service and urban railways system improvement

Mechanical and environmental characteristics of high calcium fly ash geopolymer stabilized soft Bangkok clay contaminated with zinc sludge

Zinc sludge (ZS) is an environmentally detrimental heavy metal material. This study employs high-calcium fly ash geopolymer (FAG) to enhance the mechanical and environmental properties of ZS-contaminated soft Bangkok clay (SC). Rising ZS content reduces unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and permeability, attributed to the heavy metal's retarding impact on ZS, which leads to poor particle bonding. In the SEM-EDS analysis, the large voids in the ZS-SCFAG samples were clearly observed, confirming the retarding effect. The ZS-SCFAG sample containing 30% ZS exhibited sufficient UCS, permeability, and leaching values, meeting the requirements of U.S. EPA and HK EPD for landfill disposal

Performance of Asphalt Concrete Pavement Reinforced with High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Waste

This research investigates the possibility of using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste to improve the properties of asphalt concrete pavement. HDPE plastic waste contents of 1, 3, 5, and 7% by aggregate weight were used. HDPE plastic waste=stabilized asphalt concrete pavement (HDPE-ACP) was evaluated by performance testing for stability, indirect tensile strength, resilient modulus (MR), and indirect tensile fatigue (ITF). In addition, microstructure, pavement age, and CO2 emissions savings analyses were conducted. The performance test results of the HDPE-ACP were better than those without HDPE plastic waste. The optimum HDPE plastic waste content was 5%, offering the maximum MR, ITF, and pavement age. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the excessive HDPE plastic waste content of 7% caused a surface rupture of the sample. Improvements in the pavement age of the HDPE-ACP samples were observed compared with the samples with no HDPE plastic waste. The highest pavement age of the HDPE-ACP sample was found at an HDPE plastic waste content of 5% by aggregate weight. The CO2 emissions savings of the sample was 67.85 kg CO2-e/m3 at the optimum HDPE plastic waste content

Performance of Asphalt Concrete Pavement Reinforced with High-Density Polyethylene Plastic Waste

This research investigates the possibility of using high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste to improve the properties of asphalt concrete pavement. HDPE plastic waste contents of 1, 3, 5, and 7% by aggregate weight were used. HDPE plastic waste=stabilized asphalt concrete pavement (HDPE-ACP) was evaluated by performance testing for stability, indirect tensile strength, resilient modulus (MR), and indirect tensile fatigue (ITF). In addition, microstructure, pavement age, and CO2 emissions savings analyses were conducted. The performance test results of the HDPE-ACP were better than those without HDPE plastic waste. The optimum HDPE plastic waste content was 5%, offering the maximum MR, ITF, and pavement age. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the excessive HDPE plastic waste content of 7% caused a surface rupture of the sample. Improvements in the pavement age of the HDPE-ACP samples were observed compared with the samples with no HDPE plastic waste. The highest pavement age of the HDPE-ACP sample was found at an HDPE plastic waste content of 5% by aggregate weight. The CO2 emissions savings of the sample was 67.85 kg CO2-e/m3 at the optimum HDPE plastic waste content