Entitlement Failure from a Food Quality Perspective: The Life and Death Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Humanitarian Crises

entitlement theory, micronutrients, food, humanitarian, emergencies, Sen

A concept of water usage efficiency to support water reduction in manufacturing industry

Increasing pressures on freshwater supplies, continuity of supply uncertainties, and costs linked to legislative compliance, such as for wastewater treatment, are driving water use reduction up the agenda of manufacturing businesses. A survey is presented of current analysis methods and tools generally available to industry to analyze environmental impact of, and to manage, water use. These include life cycle analysis, water footprinting, strategic planning, water auditing, and process integration. It is identified that the methods surveyed do not provide insight into the operational requirements from individual process steps for water, instead taking such requirements as a given. We argue that such understanding is required for a proactive approach to long-term water usage reduction, in which sustainability is taken into account at the design stage for both process and product. As a first step to achieving this, we propose a concept of water usage efficiency which can be used to evaluate current and proposed processes and products. Three measures of efficiency are defined, supported by a framework of a detailed categorization and representation of water flows within a production system. The calculation of the efficiency measures is illustrated using the example of a tomato sauce production line. Finally, the elements required to create a useable tool based on the efficiency measures are discussed

Women's economic advancement through agricultural change

This paper reviews donor experience with the design of development projects that are sensitive to gender-specific constraints. The review finds that the gap between intentions and implementation as regards gender-sensitivity is larger in agriculture than in health and nutrition. One of the reasons forwarded for this gap is the dearth of quantitative studies documenting the foregone benefits in terms of agricultural productivity of not promoting the economic advancement of women in agriculture.employment ,Nutrition ,Gender ,Women Economic conditions. ,Women Employment Bangladesh. ,Women in agriculture Bangladesh. ,Gender. ,Nutrition ,

Dr. Andreasen Joins Department of Veterinary Pathology

The pathology department has added to its ranks a new clinical pathologist. Since September of 1996, Dr. Claire Andreasen has been on staff here at ISU fulfilling a multiple role appointment in clinical pathology. Originally from Mount Pleasant, Texas, Dr. Andreasen received a B.S. in Biological Sciences and a DVM from Texas A&M. After spending three years working in a companion animal clinic in EI Paso, Texas, she continued her education at the University of Georgia, receiving both an MS and Ph.D. in Veterinary Pathology. Dr. Andreasen is a Diplomate of the ACVP

How do Poor People Adapt to Weather Variability and Natural Disasters Today?

human development, climate change