Farm mechanics skills to be developed by high school vocational agricultural students

The problem was to determine the value of basic skills included in courses of study in agricultural mechanics and to indicate skills that could be developed in completing selected jobs or projects in agricultural mechanics

EFFECTS OF SEMANTIC ROLE PREDICTABILITY ON REFERENTIAL FORM CHOICE IN EMOTION EVENTS WITH IMPLICIT CAUSALITY

Referential predictability has been shown to affect comprehension of ambiguous referents. However, the effects of predictability on pronoun production are not as evident. Many models of language production posit that reduced linguistic forms are used when referents are more predictable (e.g. Levy & Jaeger, 2007), yet in several studies using emotion events with implicit causality (e.g. Jacob impressed Dave because…), the predictability of the implicit cause had no effect on pronoun use (Fukumura & van Gompel, 2010; Kehler & Rohde, 2013). In contrast, other studies using transfer events (e.g. Jacob gave the book to Dave…) have found an effect of goal predictability on pronoun use (Arnold, 2001; Rosa & Arnold, 2017). Why is there a difference across verb types? Has the effect of referential predictability on pronoun use in emotion events with implicit causality been missed previously? In a novel story retelling paradigm (Part One), speakers did use more pronouns to refer to implicit causes versus non-causes, in support of a previously unobserved effect of referential predictability for implicit causes in emotion events. Further, these findings suggest that previous null findings for this event type were possibly due to different methodological requirements across verb types, suggesting avenues for future investigation. Part Two directly tested whether the semantic roles for the emotion events used in Part One affect judgments of who will be mentioned next, and found that they do, but that these judgments depend on the availability of the causal coherence relation. Importantly, the increased pronoun use for more predictable implicit causes further supports a role for referential predictability in a model of pronoun production. Finally, Part Three investigated production facilitation, through measures of planning and production, as a mechanism through which predictability might affect referential form choice. While more predictable implicit causes were produced faster, there was no effect of production facilitation on referential form choice.Master of Scienc

Land of Enchantment: British Fantasy Illustration in the Golden Age

Guide for exhibition held by Watkinson Library, 1997. The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Britain saw a proliferation of sumptuously illustrated books, incorporating fantasy in its many facets. The times were right, with the social and political climate favorable to fantastic and visionary literature and art. An expanding British empire was sparking fascination with the non-Western world, giving rise to illustrations of exotic, far-away lands. At the same time, increasing interest in revivalism (Gothic, Medieval, and Renaissance), exotism, and spiritualism found a natural outlet in fantastic themes. Fantasy was a form of escapism from an increasingly industrialized lifestyle and the often rigid confines of Victorian society. While fantastic illustration is difficult to define and covers a broad spectrum, it usually involves the supernatural world or some other unreal element. Recurring themes in fantasy illustration include: folk and fairy tales, historic myths and legends, the horrific and grotesque, and the anthropomorphization of animals and flowers. Exhibited items represent these prevalent themes from the Golden Age of illustration in Britain which flourished from the mid-nineteenth century until the First World War. The illustrators included are British citizens, both native-born and emigrants, as well as non-citizens who had successful works published in England

Keeping up with the Times: Improving the Modern Counselor through Professional Identity Development, Technological Policy, and Positive Risk Taking

Awareness of ‘best practices’ and ‘critical issues’ assists counselors-in-training as they attempt to navigate the expectations of their programs and prepare for their future careers. This article identified the development of a professional identity as a significant goal for counselors-in-training and a curriculum responsibility for counselor educators. The authors also identified two critical issues that counselors-in-training and working professionals face currently. The first critical issue addressed is how technologies fit into counseling practices and their impact on the counseling process. The second critical issue is the potential impact of counselor-client willingness to take a risk with therapeutic options. New and seasoned counselors alike will be met with challenges as they develop and grow in their professional identity. Counselors can support their own professional development by understanding ‘critical issues’ that have the potential to impact professional identity as well as gleaning the knowledge of ‘best practices’ for ethical decision-making

An all-electron density functional theory study of the structure and properties of the neutral and singly charged M-12 and M-13 clusters: M = Sc-Zn

The electronic and geometrical structures of the M 12 and M 13 clusters where M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn along with their singly negatively and positively charged ions are studied using all-electron density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation. The geometries corresponding to the lowest total energy states of singly and negatively charged ions of V13, Mn12, Co12, Ni 13, Cu 13, Zn 12, and Zn 13 are found to be different from the geometries of the corresponding neutral parents. The computed ionizationenergies of the neutrals, vertical electron detachment energies from the anions, and energies required to remove a single atom from the M 13 and M 13 + clusters are in good agreement with experiment. The change in a total spin magnetic moment of the cation or anion with respect to a total spin magnetic moment of the corresponding neutral is consistent with the one-electron model in most cases, i.e., they differ by ±1.0 μ B. Exceptions are found only for Sc12 −, Ti12 +, Mn12 −, Mn12 +, Fe12 −, Fe13 +, and Co12 +

Stellar Escape from Globular Clusters. I. Escape Mechanisms and Properties at Ejection

The theory of stellar escape from globular clusters (GCs) dates back nearly a century, especially the gradual evaporation of GCs via two-body relaxation coupled with external tides. More violent ejection can also occur via strong gravitational scattering, supernovae, gravitational wave-driven mergers, tidal disruption events, and physical collisions, but comprehensive study of the many escape mechanisms has been limited. Recent exquisite kinematic data from the Gaia space telescope has revealed numerous stellar streams in the Milky Way (MW) and traced the origin of many to specific MWGCs, highlighting the need for further examination of stellar escape from these clusters. In this study, the first of a series, we lay the groundwork for detailed follow-up comparisons between Cluster Monte Carlo (CMC) GC models and the latest Gaia data on the outskirts of MWGCs, their tidal tails, and associated streams. We thoroughly review escape mechanisms from GCs and examine their relative contributions to the escape rate, ejection velocities, and escaper demographics. We show for the first time that three-body binary formation may dominate high-speed ejection from typical MWGCs, potentially explaining some of the hypervelocity stars in the MW. Due to their mass, black holes strongly catalyze this process, and their loss at the onset of observable core collapse, characterized by a steep central brightness profile, dramatically curtails three-body binary formation, despite the increased post-collapse density. We also demonstrate that even when born from a thermal eccentricity distribution, escaping binaries have significantly nonthermal eccentricities consistent with the roughly uniform distribution observed in the Galactic field.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted to Ap