Pharmacogenomics of osteonecrosis of the jaw

Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but serious drug induced adverse event, mainly associated with the use of antiresorptive medications, such as intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates (BPs) in cancer patients. In this review, we evaluated all the pharmacogenomic association studies for ONJ published up to December 2018. To date, two SNPs (CYP2C8 rs1934951 and RBMS3 rs17024608) were identified to be associated with ONJ by two genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, all six subsequent candidate gene studies failed to replicate these results. In addition, six discovery candidate gene studies tried to identify the genetic markers in several genes associated with bone remodeling, bone mineral density, or osteoporosis. After evaluating the results of these 6 studies, none of the SNPs was significantly associated with ONJ. Recently, two whole-exome sequencing (WES) analysis (including one from our group) were performed to identify variants associated with ONJ. So far, only our study successfully replicated discovery result indicating SIRT1 SNP rs7896005 to be associated with ONJ. However, this SNP also did not reach genome-wide significance. The major limitations of these studies include lack of replication phases and limited sample sizes. Even though some studies had larger sample sizes, they recruited healthy individuals as controls, not subjects treated with BPs. We conclude that a GWAS with a larger sample size followed by replication phase will be needed to fully investigate the pharmacogenomic markers of ONJ

Seniors | Class of \u2713

PLEASE NOTE: Where applicable, the audio has been removed from this file due to copyrighted material. The garments shown here represent the Senior Class of \u2713. The garments were created in response to the following design challenge: Senior Thesis Collection: create a collection that reflects the essence and philosophies of your personal vision

Juniors | Class of \u2713

PLEASE NOTE: Where applicable, the audio has been removed from this file due to copyrighted material. The garments shown here represent the Junior Class of \u2713. The garments were created in response to the following design challenges: Knitwear Design: explore the properties of knits and design cut-and-sew and machine-knit garments. Costume for Dance: explore the characteristics of knitted fabric as applied to the fit and movement constraints of dance costumes. These garments are displayed on the runway in a dance performance including choreography by Merce Cunningham; re-staged from Brown University\u27s MiniEvent by Daniel Squire; music by Stephan Moore. Tailoring Project: interpret traditional tailoring techniques to create a look with a jacket

Five Design Challenges

PLEASE NOTE: Where applicable, the audio has been removed from this file due to copyrighted material. The garments shown here represent the Classes of \u2712, \u2711 and \u2710 . The garments were created in response to the following five design challenges: Sophomores, Class of \u2712: Re-Innovative Design: explore the properties of recycled materials other than fabric while creating a wearable piece. Print Design Project create a garment that makes optimal use of an assigned printed fabric. Juniors, Class of \u2710: Knitwear Design: explore the properties of knits and design cut-and-sew and machine-knit garments. Tailoring Project: interpret traditional tailoring techniques to create a look with a jacket. Seniors, Class of \u2709: Coat Collection: design a collection with a coat as the key piece

Five Design Challenges

PLEASE NOTE: Where applicable, the audio has been removed from this file due to copyrighted material. The garments shown here represent the Classes of \u2713, \u2712 and \u2711 . The garments were created in response to the following five design challenges: Sophomores, Class of \u2713: Re-Innovative Design: explore the properties of recycled materials other than fabric while creating a wearable piece. Print Design Project create a garment that makes optimal use of printed fabric designed by a RISD Textiles student. Juniors, Class of \u2712: Knitwear Design: explore the properties of knits and design cut-and-sew and machine-knit garments. Tailoring Project: interpret traditional tailoring techniques to create a look with a jacket. Seniors, Class of \u2711: Cocktail Collection: design a collection of contemporary cocktail apparel in collaboration with the current RISD Museum exhibition Cocktail Culture: Ritual and Invention in American Fashion, 1920-1980