Certification of Boson Sampling Devices with Coarse-Grained Measurements

A boson sampling device could efficiently sample from the output probability distribution of noninteracting bosons undergoing many-body interference. This problem is not only classically intractable, but its solution is also believed to be classically unverifiable. Hence, a major difficulty in experiment is to ensure a boson sampling device performs correctly. We present an experimental friendly scheme to extract useful and robust information from the quantum boson samplers based on coarse-grained measurements. The procedure can be applied to certify the equivalence of boson sampling devices while ruling out alternative fraudulent devices. We perform numerical simulations to demonstrate the feasibility of the method and consider the effects of realistic noise. Our approach is expected to be generally applicable to other many-body certification tasks beyond the boson sampling problem.Comment: 8 pages including Supplemental Materials, 7 figures, 3 table

Beam losses due to the foil scattering for CSNS/RCS

For the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS/RCS), the stripping foil scattering generates the beam halo and gives rise to additional beam losses during the injection process. The interaction between the proton beam and the stripping foil was discussed and the foil scattering was studied. A simple model and the realistic situation of the foil scattering were considered. By using the codes ORBIT and FLUKA, the multi-turn phase space painting injection process with the stripping foil scattering for CSNS/RCS was simulated and the beam losses due to the foil scattering were obtained.Comment: Submitted to HB2012, IHEP, Beijing, Sep. 17-21, 201

Quantum Supremacy for Simulating A Translation-Invariant Ising Spin Model

We introduce an intermediate quantum computing model built from translation-invariant Ising-interacting spins. Despite being non-universal, the model cannot be classically efficiently simulated unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses. Equipped with the intrinsic single-instance-hardness property, a single fixed unitary evolution in our model is sufficient to produce classically intractable results, compared to several other models that rely on implementation of an ensemble of different unitaries (instances). We propose a feasible experimental scheme to implement our Hamiltonian model using cold atoms trapped in a square optical lattice. We formulate a procedure to certify the correct functioning of this quantum machine. The certification requires only a polynomial number of local measurements assuming measurement imperfections are sufficiently small.Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett.(2017, in press), "one-instance" is replaced by "single-instance-hardness", references added, "Simulation with variation Distance Errors" in Supplemental Material is rewritten in a clearer wa

Systematic Construction of tight-binding Hamiltonians for Topological Insulators and Superconductors

A remarkable discovery in recent years is that there exist various kinds of topological insulators and superconductors characterized by a periodic table according to the system symmetry and dimensionality. To physically realize these peculiar phases and study their properties, a critical step is to construct experimentally relevant Hamiltonians which support these topological phases. We propose a general and systematic method based on the quaternion algebra to construct the tight binding Hamiltonians for all the three-dimensional topological phases in the periodic table characterized by arbitrary integer topological invariants, which include the spin-singlet and the spin-triplet topological superconductors, the Hopf and the chiral topological insulators as particular examples. For each class, we calculate the corresponding topological invariants through both geometric analysis and numerical simulation.Comment: 7 pages (including supplemental material), 1 figure, 1 tabl

Hamiltonian tomography for quantum many-body systems with arbitrary couplings

Characterization of qubit couplings in many-body quantum systems is essential for benchmarking quantum computation and simulation. We propose a tomographic measurement scheme to determine all the coupling terms in a general many-body Hamiltonian with arbitrary long-range interactions, provided the energy density of the Hamiltonian remains finite. Different from quantum process tomography, our scheme is fully scalable with the number of qubits as the required rounds of measurements increase only linearly with the number of coupling terms in the Hamiltonian. The scheme makes use of synchronized dynamical decoupling pulses to simplify the many-body dynamics so that the unknown parameters in the Hamiltonian can be retrieved one by one. We simulate the performance of the scheme under the influence of various pulse errors and show that it is robust to typical noise and experimental imperfections.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, including supplemental materia

Unextendible maximally entangled bases in dxd

We investigate the unextendible maximally entangled bases in $\mathbb{C}^{d}\bigotimes\mathbb{C}^{d}$ and present a $30$-number UMEB construction in $\mathbb{C}^{6}\bigotimes\mathbb{C}^{6}$. For higher dimensional case, we show that for a given $N$-number UMEB in $\mathbb{C}^{d}\bigotimes\mathbb{C}^{d}$, there is a $\widetilde{N}$-number, $\widetilde{N}=(qd)^2-(d^2-N)$, UMEB in $\mathbb{C}^{qd}\bigotimes\mathbb{C}^{qd}$ for any $q\in\mathbb{N}$. As an example, for $\mathbb{C}^{12n}\bigotimes\mathbb{C}^{12n}$ systems, we show that there are at least two sets of UMEBs which are not equivalent.Comment: Errors correcte

Direct Probe of Topological Order for Cold Atoms

Cold-atom experiments in optical lattices offer a versatile platform to realize various topological quantum phases. A key challenge in those experiments is to unambiguously probe the topological order. We propose a method to directly measure the characteristic topological invariants (order) based on the time-of-flight imaging of cold atoms. The method is generally applicable to detection of topological band insulators in one, two, or three dimensions characterized by integer topological invariants. Using detection of the Chern number for the 2D anomalous quantum Hall states and the Chern-Simons term for the 3D chiral topological insulators as examples, we show that the proposed detection method is practical, robust to typical experimental imperfections such as limited imaging resolution, inhomogeneous trapping potential, and disorder in the system.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, including Supplemental Material, version accepted by PRA as a Rapid Communicatio

Landau hydrodynamical model at RHIC and LHC

The rapidity distribution and transverse spectra of most copious particles such as pions, Kaons and antiprotons from central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and central Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV have been investigated in the framework of Landau hydrodynamical model. With a more realistic choice of freeze-out condition and the employment of lattice equation of state, we find transverse expansion of the collision systems is important to explain the observed data. With the increase of collision energy from RHIC to LHC, transverse flow becomes more and more important for hadron production at midrapidity, especially for more massive particle.Comment: 7pages, 9figs. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1003.3757 by other author

Study on the injection beam commissioning software for CSNS/RCS

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) accelerator uses H- stripping and phase space painting method of filling large ring acceptance with the linac beam of small emittance. The beam commissioning software system is the key part of CSNS accelerator. The injection beam commissioning software for CSNS contains three parts currently: painting curve control, injection beam control and injection orbit correction. The injection beam control contains two subsections: single bunch beam calculation and LRBT beam control at the foil. The injection orbit correction also contains two subsections: injection orbit correction by the calculation and injection trim power control.Comment: Submitted to proceedings of IPAC2015, Richmond, VA, USA, May 3-8, 201

Probe of Three-Dimensional Chiral Topological Insulators in an Optical Lattice

We propose a feasible experimental scheme to realize a three-dimensional chiral topological insulator with cold fermionic atoms in an optical lattice, which is characterized by an integer topological invariant distinct from the conventional $Z_2$ topological insulators and has a remarkable macroscopic zero-energy flat band. To probe its property, we show that its characteristic surface states---the Dirac cones---can be probed through time-of-flight imaging or Bragg spectroscopy and the flat band can be detected via measurement of the atomic density profile in a weak global trap. The realization of this novel topological phase with a flat band in an optical lattice will provide a unique experimental platform to study the interplay between interaction and topology and open new avenues for application of topological states.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, including Supplemental Material, version accepted by PR