Exercise for health: a randomized, controlled trial evaluating the impact of a pragmatic, translational exercise intervention on the quality of life, function and treatment-related side effects following breast cancer

Exercise for Health was a randomized, controlled trial designed to evaluate two modes of delivering (face-to-face [FtF] and over-the-telephone [Tel]) an 8-month translational exercise intervention, commencing 6-weeks post-breast cancer surgery (PS). Outcomes included quality of life (QoL), function (fitness and upper body) and treatment-related side effects (fatigue, lymphoedema, body mass index, menopausal symptoms, anxiety, depression and pain). Generalised estimating equation modelling determined time (baseline [5 weeks PS], mid-intervention [6 months PS], post-intervention [12 months PS]), group (FtF, Tel, Usual Care [UC]) and time-by-group effects. 194 women representative of the breast cancer population were randomised to the FtF (n = 67), Tel (n = 67) and UC (n = 60) groups. There were significant (p < 0.05) interaction effects on QoL, fitness and fatigue with differences being observed between the treatment groups and the UC group. Trends observed for the treatment groups were similar. The treatment groups reported improved QoL, fitness and fatigue over time and changes observed between baseline and post-intervention were clinically relevant. In contrast, the UC group experienced no change, or worsening QoL, fitness and fatigue, mid-intervention. Although improvements in the UC group occurred by 12-months post-surgery, the change did not meet the clinically relevant threshold. There were no differences in other treatment-related side effects between groups. This translational intervention trial, delivered either FtF or Tel, supports exercise as a form of adjuvant breast cancer therapy that can prevent declines in fitness and function during treatment and optimise recovery post-treatment

Barriers related to screening examinations for prostate cancer

With the aim of describing barriers to screening for prostate cancer, a domicile survey was carried out covering 160 men of a Family Health Strategy (FHS) area. Slightly over half had undergone the examination. Regarding beliefs related to the disease, 95% of the men believed there is a cure if detected early, 29.4% mentioned the possibility of a normal life while ill, 56.3% believed it may be asymptomatic, 36.1% agreed/disagreed that the treatment is worse than the disease and 34.4% agreed that the examination affects masculinity and that if you are well it is not necessary to perform it. Regarding barriers, 15% reported that the physician had never requested it, 10.9% did not consider it important and 16.9% were afraid to take the examination. While not the sole determinant, the dissemination of adequate knowledge regarding the examination can constitute a key strategy for the formation of a positive attitude in relation to early detection.Con el objetivo de describir barreras sobre rastreo del cáncer de próstata, se realizó una encuesta domiciliar abarcando 160 hombres de una área de la Estrategia de Salud de la Familia (ESF). Poco más de la mitad ya había realizado el examen. En relación a las creencias sobre la enfermedad, 95% de ellos creen en la cura si es detectado precozmente, 29,4% refirieron la posibilidad de vida normal a pesar de estar enfermo, 56,3% creen que puede ser asintomático, 36,1% está de acuerdo/no está de acuerdo que el tratamiento es peor que la enfermedad y 34,4% está de acuerdo que el examen afecta la masculinidad y si estuviese bien no sería necesario hacerlo. En cuanto a las barreras, 15% informaron que el médico nunca lo solicitó, 10,9% no lo encuentran importante y 16,9% tiene miedo de hacer el examen. A pesar de que no es el único determinante, diseminar los conocimientos adecuados sobre el examen puede constituirse en una estrategia fundamental para la formación de una actitud positiva en relación a la detección precoz.Com o objetivo de descrever barreiras sobre rastreamento do câncer de próstata, realizou-se inquérito domiciliar, abrangendo 160 homens, de uma área da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF). Pouco mais da metade já havia realizado o exame. Em relação às crenças sobre a doença, 95% deles acreditam na cura se detectado precocemente, 29,4% referiram possibilidade de vida normal embora doente, 56,3% acreditam que pode ser assintomático, 36,1% concordam/discordam que o tratamento é pior que a doença e 34,4% concordam que o exame afeta a masculinidade e, se estiver bem, não é necessário fazê-lo. Quanto às barreiras, 15% informaram que o médico nunca solicitou, 10,9% não acham importante e 16,9% têm medo de fazer o exame. Embora não seja o único determinante, disseminar conhecimentos adequados sobre o exame pode se constituir em estratégia fundamental para a formação de atitude positiva em relação à detecção precoce