Максим Рильський у світлі теорії та практики перекладу

У запропонованій статті проаналізовано актуальні проблеми теорії і практики перекладу у світлі завдань сучасного перекладознавства, зокрема, об’єктом аналізу є переклади М. Т. Рильським визначних творів зі світової літературної скарбниці.В данной статье анализируются актуальные проблемы теории и практики перевода в соответствии с задачами современного переводоведения, в частности, объектом анализа выступают переводы М. Т. Рыльским выдающихся произведений мировой литературы.In the offered article the issues of the day of theory and practice of translation are analysed in the light of tasks of modern translation theory in particular as an object of analysis translations of Maksym Rylski come forward prominent works from a world literary treasury

Comparison between chiral and meson-theoretic nucleon-nucleon potentials through (p,p') reactions

We use proton-nucleus reaction data at intermediate energies to test the emerging new generation of chiral nucleon-nucleon (NN) potentials. Predictions from a high quality one-boson-exchange (OBE) force are used for comparison and evaluation. Both the chiral and OBE models fit NN phase shifts accurately, and the differences between the two forces for proton-induced reactions are small. A comparison to a chiral model with a less accurate NN description sets the scale for the ability of such models to work for nuclear reactions.Comment: 6 pages, revtex, 4 eps-figure

Charge Form Factor and Cluster Structure of 6^6Li Nucleus

The charge form factor of ${}^6$Li nucleus is considered on the basis of its cluster structure. The charge density of ${}^6$Li is presented as a superposition of two terms. One of them is a folded density and the second one is a sum of ${}^4$He and the deuteron densities. Using the available experimental data for ${}^4$He and deuteron charge form factors, a good agreement of the calculations within the suggested scheme is obtained with the experimental data for the charge form factor of ${}^6$Li, including those in the region of large transferred momenta.Comment: 12 pages 5 figure

Spectroscopic Factors in 40^{40}Ca and 208^{208}Pb from (e,e′p)(e,e'p): Fully Relativistic Analysis

We present results for spectroscopic factors of the outermost shells in $^{40}$Ca and $^{208}$Pb, which have been derived from the comparison between the available quasielastic ($e,e'p$) data from NIKHEF-K and the corresponding calculated cross-sections obtained within a fully relativistic formalism. We include exactly the effect of Coulomb distortion on the electron wave functions and discuss its role in the extraction of the spectroscopic factors from experiment. Without any adjustable parameter, we find spectroscopic factors of about 70\%, consistent with theoretical predictions. We compare our results with previous relativistic and nonrelativistic analyses of ($e,e'p$) data. In addition to Coulomb distortion effects we discuss different choices of the nucleon current operator and also analyze the effects due to the relativistic treatment of the outgoing-distorted and bound nucleon wave functions.Comment: 9 pages RevTeX, 5 figures can be obtained from the author

Quantification of biochemical PSA dynamics after radioligand therapy with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T using a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model

Background: There is an unmet need for prediction of treatment outcome or patient selection for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Quantification of the tumor exposure–response relationship is pivotal for further treatment optimization. Therefore, a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T using SPECT/CT data and, subsequently, related to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) dynamics after therapy in patients with mCRPC using a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PKPD) modelling approach. Methods: A population PK model was developed using quantitative SPECT/CT data (406 scans) of 76 patients who received multiple cycles [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T (± 7.4 GBq with either two- or six-week interval). The PK model consisted of five compartments; central, salivary glands, kidneys, tumors and combined remaining tissues. Covariates (tumor volume, renal function and cycle number) were tested to explain inter-individual variability on uptake into organs and tumors. The final PK model was expanded with a PD compartment (sequential fitting approach) representing PSA dynamics during and after treatment. To explore the presence of a exposure–response relationship, individually estimated [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T tumor concentrations were related to PSA changes over time. Results: The population PK model adequately described observed data in all compartments (based on visual inspection of goodness-of-fit plots) with adequate precision of parameters estimates (< 36.1% relative standard error (RSE)). A significant declining uptake in tumors (k14) during later cycles was identified (uptake decreased to 73%, 50% and 44% in cycle 2, 3 and 4–7, respectively, compared to cycle 1). Tumor growth (defined by PSA increase) was described with an exponential growth rate (0.000408 h−1 (14.2% RSE)). Therapy-induced PSA decrease was related to estimated tumor concentrations (MBq/L) using both a direct and delayed drug effect. The final model adequately captured individual PSA concentrations after treatment (based on goodness-of-fit plots). Simulation based on the final PKPD model showed no evident differences in response for the two different dosing regimens currently used. Conclusions: Our population PK model accurately described observed [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T uptake in salivary glands, kidneys and tumors and revealed a clear declining tumor uptake over treatment cycles. The PKPD model adequately captured individual PSA observations and identified population response rates for the two dosing regimens. Hence, a PKPD modelling approach can guide prediction of treatment response and thus identify patients in whom radioligand therapy is likely to fail

Phase Behavior of Bent-Core Molecules

Recently, a new class of smectic liquid crystal phases (SmCP phases) characterized by the spontaneous formation of macroscopic chiral domains from achiral bent-core molecules has been discovered. We have carried out Monte Carlo simulations of a minimal hard spherocylinder dimer model to investigate the role of excluded volume interations in determining the phase behavior of bent-core materials and to probe the molecular origins of polar and chiral symmetry breaking. We present the phase diagram as a function of pressure or density and dimer opening angle $\psi$. With decreasing $\psi$, a transition from a nonpolar to a polar smectic phase is observed near $\psi = 167^{\circ}$, and the nematic phase becomes thermodynamically unstable for $\psi < 135^{\circ}$. No chiral smectic or biaxial nematic phases were found.Comment: 4 pages Revtex, 3 eps figures (included

Exposure-response analyses of anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitors crizotinib and alectinib in non-small cell lung cancer patients

Crizotinib and alectinib are anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-inhibitors indicated for the treatment of ALK-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At the currently used fixed doses, interindividual variability in exposure is high. The aim of this study was to investigate whether minimum plasma concentrations (C-min) of crizotinib and alectinib are related to efficacy and toxicity. An observational study was performed, in which ALK-positive NSCLC patients who were treated with crizotinib and alectinib and from whom pharmacokinetic samples were collected in routine care, were included in the study. Exposure-response analyses were explored using previously proposed C(min)thresholds of 235 ng/mL for crizotinib and 435 ng/mL for alectinib. Forty-eight crizotinib and 52 alectinib patients were included. For crizotinib, median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 5.7 vs. 17.4 months for patients with C-min = 235 ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.08). In multivariable analysis, C-min = 435 ng/mL, respectively (P = 0.04). Multivariable analysis resulted in an HR of 4.29 (95% CI, 1.33-13.90,P = 0.015). In conclusion, PFS of crizotinib and alectinib treated NSCLC patients is prolonged in patients with C-min >= 235 ng/mL and 435 ng/mL, respectively. Therefore, therapeutic drug monitoring should be part of routine clinical management for these agents.Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic pulmonary disease

Emission spectra and intrinsic optical bistability in a two-level medium

Scattering of resonant radiation in a dense two-level medium is studied theoretically with account for local field effects and renormalization of the resonance frequency. Intrinsic optical bistability is viewed as switching between different spectral patterns of fluorescent light controlled by the incident field strength. Response spectra are calculated analytically for the entire hysteresis loop of atomic excitation. The equations to describe the non-linear interaction of an atomic ensemble with light are derived from the Bogolubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon hierarchy for reduced single particle density matrices of atoms and quantized field modes and their correlation operators. The spectral power of scattered light with separated coherent and incoherent constituents is obtained straightforwardly within the hierarchy. The formula obtained for emission spectra can be used to distinguish between possible mechanisms suggested to produce intrinsic bistability.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure

Vincristine exposure in Kenyan children with cancer: CHAPATI feasibility study

The low incidence of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy (VIPN) in Kenyan children may result from low vincristine exposure. We studied vincristine exposure in Kenyan children and dose-escalated in case of low vincristine exposure (NCT05844670). Average vincristine exposure was high. Individual vincristine exposure was assessed with a previously developed nomogram. A 20% dose increase was recommended for participants with low exposure and no VIPN, hyperbilirubinemia, or malnutrition. None of the 15 participants developed VIPN. Low vincristine exposure was seen in one participant: a dose increase was implemented without side effects. In conclusion, the participants did not develop VIPN despite having high vincristine exposure