INDICATORS OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT FOR ADOLESCENTS WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA

Uvod: Anoreksija nervoza (AN) predstavlja trajan poremećaj odnosa prema hrani i izgledu vlastitog tijela koji dovodi do znatnog oštećenja tjelesnog zdravlja i psiho-emocionalnog funkcioniranja. Pridružene metaboličke komplikacije zbog fizioloških osobitosti razdoblja rasta i spolnog razvoja mogu biti potencijalno ireverzibilne, izvjesno i fatalne ukoliko su kasno prepoznate. Cilj: Istražiti vrijednosti antropometrijskih parametara, elektrolitska odstupanja te ispitati trajanje i broj hospitalizacija ovisno o primjeni, trajanju i kalorijskoj vrijednosti nutritivne potpore kod adolescentica oboljelih od AN. Materijali i metode: Retrospektivna studija je provedena na 171 hospitaliziranoj pacijentici Klinike za pedijatriju KBC-a Sestre milostrdnice u Zagrebu, prosječne dobi 14,8 ± 2,5 godina, uvidom u medicinsku dokumentaciju i antropometrijska mjerenja. Rezultati: Neki od parametara poput tjelesne mase, postotka idealne tjelesne mase i indeksa tjelesne mase bili su značajno niži od očekivanih s obzirom na dob, a kod elektrolita nisu pronađena veća odstupanja. Ispitanice koje su dnevno primale 1068,7 ± 425,5 kcal nutritivne potpore provele su duže vrijeme u bolnici, ali su bile manji broj puta hospitalizirane. Zaključak: Pravilnim i odgovarajućim dijagnostičkim pristupom, ovaj poremećaj prehrane moguće je otkriti u ranijoj fazi kada funkcija intervencije i multidisciplinarne stručne pomoći (liječnik specijalist, psihijatar, psiholog, klinički nutricionist) može spriječiti daljnje razvijanje bolesti i popratne zdravstvene komplikacije.Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a permanent disorder of attitude towards food and image of own body which leads to a significant damage to physical health and psycho-emotional functioning. Associated metabolic complications due to the physiological characteristics of the period of growth and sexual development can be potentially irreversible, certainly fatal if detected late. Aim: To investigate the value of anthropometric parameters, electrolyte deviations and to examine duration and number of hospitalizations depending on the frequency of application, duration and caloric value of nutritional support in adolescent with AN. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study was conducted on 171 hospitalized patients at the Department of Pediatrics, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre of Zagreb, average age 14.8 ± 2.5 years, analyzing data from their medical records and anthropometric measurements. Results: Some of the parameters such as body weight, percentage of ideal body weight and body mass index were significantly lower than expected due to age, and for the level of electrolytes-no larger deviations were found. Girls who have received an average 1068.7 ± 425.5 kcal nutritional support per day were longer in the hospital, but fewer times hospitalized. Conclusion: With regular and appropriate diagnostic approach, this eating disorder can be detected at an earlier stage, when the function of intervention and multidisciplinary professional help (specialist doctor, psychiatrist, psychologist, clinical nutritionist) can prevent further development of the disease and consequential health complications