Micellar lipid composition profoundly affects LXR‐dependent cholesterol transport across CaCo2 cells

Intraluminal phospholipids affect micellar solubilization and absorption of cholesterol. We here study cholesterol transport from taurocholate–phospholipid–cholesterol micelles to CaCo2 cells, and associated effects on ABC‐A1 mediated cholesterol efflux. Micellar incorporation of egg‐yolk‐phosphatidylcholine markedly increased apical retention of the sterol with decreased expression of ABC‐A1, an effect that is prevented by synthetic liver X receptor (LXR) or retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists. On the other hand, incorporation of lyso‐phosphatidylcholine (LysoPC) increased ABC‐A1–HDL‐dependent basolateral cholesterol efflux, an effect that is abated when LXR is silenced. Thus, the modulation of cholesterol metabolism via intraluminal phospholipids is related to the activity of the oxysterol nuclear receptor LXR

Laparoscopic ileocolic resection versus infliximab treatment of distal ileitis in Crohn's disease: a randomized multicenter trial (LIR!C-trial)

Contains fulltext : 69534.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: With the availability of infliximab, nowadays recurrent Crohn's disease, defined as disease refractory to immunomodulatory agents that has been treated with steroids, is generally treated with infliximab. Infliximab is an effective but expensive treatment and once started it is unclear when therapy can be discontinued. Surgical resection has been the golden standard in recurrent Crohn's disease. Laparoscopic ileocolic resection proved to be safe and is characterized by a quick symptom reduction.The objective of this study is to compare infliximab treatment with laparoscopic ileocolic resection in patients with recurrent Crohn's disease of the distal ileum with respect to quality of life and costs. METHODS/DESIGN: The study is designed as a multicenter randomized clinical trial including patients with Crohn's disease located in the terminal ileum that require infliximab treatment following recent consensus statements on inflammatory bowel disease treatment: moderate to severe disease activity in patients that fail to respond to steroid therapy or immunomodulatory therapy. Patients will be randomized to receive either infliximab or undergo a laparoscopic ileocolic resection. Primary outcomes are quality of life and costs. Secondary outcomes are hospital stay, early and late morbidity, sick leave and surgical recurrence. In order to detect an effect size of 0.5 on the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire at a 5% two sided significance level with a power of 80%, a sample size of 65 patients per treatment group can be calculated. An economic evaluation will be performed by assessing the marginal direct medical, non-medical and time costs and the costs per Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY) will be calculated. For both treatment strategies a cost-utility ratio will be calculated. Patients will be included from December 2007. DISCUSSION: The LIR!C-trial is a randomized multicenter trial that will provide evidence whether infliximab treatment or surgery is the best treatment for recurrent distal ileitis in Crohn's disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Nederlands Trial Register NTR1150

On-line monitoring energie- en vochtstroom door schermkier

Eindrapport van het project 'On-line monitoring energie- en vochtstroom door schermkier". Dit project ligt in het verlengde van het project 'On-line schatting van het ventilatievoud in kassen". In dit project wordt berschreven hoe de in dat project ontwikkelde ventilatiemotor uitgebreid wordt naar de situatie met schermen in een kas en hoe deze met aangepaste methode ook de energie- en vochtuitwisseling door en langs het scherm kan worden bepaal