ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AND APOPTOTIC ACTIVITY OF SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDE ISOLATED FROM HYPNEA VALENTIAE RED SEAWEED IN HUMAN SKIN MALIGNANT MELANOMA CELLS

Objective: Malignant melanoma is a highly metastatic cutaneous cancer. Deregulated apoptosis has been identified as a major cause of cancer drug resistance. The objective of the study is to evaluate antiproliferative activity of Hypnea Valentiae extract in human skin malignant melanoma (SK-MEL) cells. Methods: In this study, sulfated polysaccharide fraction was precipitated from aqueous extract obtained from H. valentiae. MTT assay was used to determine the cell viability of the crude sulfated polysaccharide against SK-MEL cells and normal L6 cell line (Rat skeletal muscle). Acridine orange (AO) and Ethidium bromide (EB) staining method was applied to study induction of apoptosis in SK-MEL cells. Results: Dose-dependent reduction in cell viability was observed with an IC50 of 30 μg/ml in SK-MEL cancer cells. The sulfated polysaccharide treated SK-MEL cells followed by AO, EB staining, showed typical early apoptotic, and late apoptotic morphological changes. Conclusion: The isolated crude sulfated polysaccharide from H. valentiae produced potent growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in SK-MEL cells but caused no cytotoxicity in normal L6 skeletal muscle cells

Development of gummy bear supplements and in vitro exploration of antioxidant and antiproliferative potential of Nuciferine

Background: Nuciferine's extensive therapeutic potential, including its robust antioxidant properties, is explored in response to the growing consumer preference for value-added organic foods. Objective: This study focuses on the formulation of gummy bear supplements fortified with nuciferine from Nelumbo nucifera. The research highlights nuciferine's ability to combat oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and examines its application in maintaining basal ROS levels during oxidative stress conditions in skin melanoma cells. Methods: Characterization of extracted nuciferine through FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopy ensures product quality, while sensory evaluation compares honey and sugar as natural sweeteners for optimal flavor and consumer preference. SK-Mel-28 cellular ROS levels were measured using 2′,7’ –dichlorofluorescin diacetate dye before and after nuciferine treatment. SK-Mel-28 cell viability and dose response of nuciferine treatment was assessed using MTT assay. Results: Nuciferine shows potent inhibition of SK-Mel-28 cell proliferation with an IC50 of 39.31 ± 5.280 μg/ml and showed no cytotoxicity in normal L6 skeletal muscle cells. This study compares the sensory properties of honey and sugar based gummy bear formulations. Conclusion: This project aims to create a high-quality, health-promoting dietary supplement that aligns with the evolving trends in organic nutrition and antioxidant supplementation