THE EFFECT OF APPLIED NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY

The rate of nitrogen fertilization is the most important factor for plant growth and development which can increase yield and grain quality assurance. But the high rates of applied nitrogen fertilizer combined with high precipitations favor stem elongation and increase risk of cereal lodging. Lodging is a common phenomenon that occurs near harvest time, which can significant decrease both quantity and quality of the yield. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are widely used for lodging control in winter wheat grown at high nitrogen rates. The present study investigated the effect of PGR and nitrogen fertilization rates on wintet wheat yield and grain protein content.  The field study was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda in 2016 involving eight winter wheat genotypes tested at different rates of applied nitrogen fertilizer, in combination with foliar treatment with trinexapac-ethyl- based plant growth regulator sprayed over the foliage

The influence of climatic conditions changes on grain yield in Winter Triticale (X Triticosecale Wittm.)

The aim of this paper is making out the influence of climatic changes on grain yield of winter triticale in relation with applied fertilizer. The influence of environmental conditions on growing and development of triticale plants depends of grow stages and their duration. During five experimental years (2010-2015) the climatic conditions were different year to year, with an accentuated heating trend, influencing plant phenology, accelerating or slowing down some important processes disturbing grain yield formation. The influence of drought is more accentuated by heating stress and prolonging of these conditions during the main phenological processes have a negative influence on plant growth or development with effect on the grain yield formation process

MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) TO PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND NITROGEN APPLICATIONS

Wheat lodging is a serious problem in cereal production in many areas. Grain yield reductions almost always accompany lodging, with the magnitude of loss dependent on the cultivar, growth stage and severity of lodging. The synthetic plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as chlormequat chloride (CC),  trinexepac-ethyl (TE)  can prevent lodging by reducing stem elongation and improving mechanical strength of the stem. A field experiment was conducted during the 2018-2019 growing season at the experimental field of the Agricultural Research and Development Station, located at Turda, to evaluate the effect of TE and CC on winter wheat morpho-physiological traits such as plant height, LAI, numbers of spikes m-2, lodging and grain yield of three winter wheat genotypes that are tall and with a high lodging susceptibility Arieşan, Apullum and Bezostaia, tested at different rates of applied nitrogen fertilizer in combination with foliar treatment with trinexapac-ethyl and chlorocholine chloride sprayed over the foliage. The influence of the TE treatment and CC treatment on the morpho-physiological traits studied in this experience was not the same for all the genotypes. Both PGR decreased plant height, more TE treatment than CC treatment. CC treatment influenced more than TE the increase of LAI and number of spikes m-2, witch leaded to the increase of grain yield where CC treatment was applied

Study of Winter Wheat Yield Quality Analysis at ARDS Turda

The purpose of this research is to study the potential for yield and quality indicators for winter wheat genotypes in terms of pedological and climate condition and applied technology, at ARDS Turda during 2014 – 2015. Depending on the climatic conditions that are associated with applied technology is a decisive factor in successful wheat crop for all genotypes that were studied at Ards Turda during the 2014 – 2016. That’s wy each genotype responded differently to the conditions of the ARDS Turda also through the two levels of fertilisations applied in the winter with fertilizers 20:20:0, 250 kg/ha assuring 50 kg/ha N and P active substance and second level of fertilisations with 150 kg/ha ammonium nitrate assuring 50 kg/ha N active substance. All genotype that were studied in terms of yield and quality indicators were influenced by the fertilization level. The influence of pedo-climatic conditions, applied technologies and fertilizers level at ARDS Turda showed that all genotypes with small yield had higher protein and gluten content respectively Zeleny index

THE INFLUENCE OF SOWING DATE ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT

To study the effect of sowing dates on the grain yield and grain quality of three different winter wheat cultivars, an experiment was conducted at ARDS Turda during 2017-2018. By delaying the sowing date, the winter wheat grain yield decreases, while the grain protein content increases. The biggest loss of grain yield by delaying sowing date was noted to Andrada on sowing date III (6 of Dec. 2017), production decreasing with 1316 kg/ha-1 in comparison with optimal for this variety. Arieşan had the highest grain protein content (16.42 %) and Codru had the highest grain yield in all three experimental sowing dates