10,087 research outputs found
Geometric syzygies of elliptic normal curves and their secant varieties
We show that the linear syzygy spaces of elliptic normal curves, their secant
varieties and of bielliptic canonical curves are spanned by geometric syzygies.Comment: 31 Pages; AMSlate
The quest for companions to post-common envelope binaries IV: The 2:1 mean-motion resonance of the planets orbiting NN Serpentis
We present 69 new mid-eclipse times of the young post-common envelope binary
(PCEB) NN Ser, which was previously suggested to possess two circumbinary
planets. We have interpreted the observed eclipse-time variations in terms of
the light-travel time effect caused by two planets, exhaustively covering the
multi-dimensional parameter space by fits in the two binary and ten orbital
parameters. We supplemented the fits by stability calculations for all models
with an acceptable chi-square. An island of secularly stable 2:1 resonant
solutions exists, which coincides with the global chi-square minimum. Our
best-fit stable solution yields current orbital periods P_o = 15.47 yr and P_i
= 7.65 yr and eccentricities e_o = 0.14 and e_i = 0.22 for the outer (o) and
inner (i) planets, respectively. The companions qualify as giant planets, with
masses of 7.0 M_Jup and 1.7 M_Jup for the case of orbits coplanar with that of
the binary. The two-planet model that starts from the present system parameters
has a lifetime greater than 10^8 yr, which significantly exceeds the age of NN
Ser of 10^6 yr as a PCEB. The resonance is characterized by libration of the
resonant variable Theta_1 and circulation of omega_i-omega_o, the difference
between the arguments of periapse of the two planets. No stable non-resonant
solutions were found, and the possibility of a 5:2 resonance suggested
previously by us is now excluded at the 99.3% confidence level.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
Alternative fungicides to control apple scab in organic apple production: results of an orchard trial in 2003
Apple scab, caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis, is the disease that most often decreases yield and causes loss of fruit quality in organic apple production. Damage to the fruits consists of brown to black spots, but in some years and on some varieties attacks can result in small misshapen fruits, that are totally unsuitable for fresh consumption
The interplay between long- and short-range temporal correlations shapes cortex dynamics across vigilance states
Increasing evidence suggests that cortical dynamics during wake exhibits
long-range temporal correlations suitable to integrate inputs over extended
periods of time to increase the signal-to-noise ratio in decision-making and
working memory tasks. Accordingly, sleep has been suggested as a state
characterized by a breakdown of long-range correlations; detailed measurements
of neuronal timescales that support this view, however, have so far been
lacking. Here we show that the long timescales measured at the individual
neuron level in freely-behaving rats during the awake state are abrogated
during non-REM (NREM) sleep. We provide evidence for the existence of two
distinct states in terms of timescale dynamics in cortex: one which is
characterized by long timescales which dominate during wake and REM sleep, and
a second one characterized by the absence of long-range temporal correlations
which characterizes NREM sleep. We observe that both timescale regimes can
co-exist and, in combination, lead to an apparent gradual decline of long
timescales during extended wake which is restored after sleep. Our results
provide a missing link between the observed long timescales in individual
neuron fluctuations during wake and the reported absence of long-term
correlations during deep sleep in EEG and fMRI studies. They furthermore
suggest a network-level function of sleep, to reorganize cortical networks
towards states governed by slow cortex dynamics to ensure optimal function for
the time awake
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